Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Breast surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Propofol and prophylactic administration of ondansetron are associated with a lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. To date no comparison of these two drugs has been reported. A randomized study was done to compare the efficacy of ondansetron and intraoperative propofol given in various regimens. METHODS:Study participants included 89 women classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 or 2 who were scheduled for major breast surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Group O received 4 mg ondansetron in 10 ml 0.9% saline and groups PI, PIP, and PP received 10 ml 0.9% saline before anesthesia induction. Group O received thiopental, isoflurane, nitrous oxide-oxygen, and fentanyl for anesthesia. Group PI received propofol, isoflurane, nitrous oxide-oxygen, and fentanyl. Group PIP received propofol, isoflurane, nitrous oxide-oxygen, and fentanyl. Thirty minutes before expected skin closure, isoflurane was discontinued and 50 to 150 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 propofol was given intravenously to maintain anesthesia. Group PP received propofol for induction and maintenance of anesthesia, nitrous oxide-oxygen, and fentanyl. Postoperative pain relief was provided with morphine administered by a patient-controlled analgesia pump. The incidence of nausea and vomiting, requests for rescue antiemetic and sedation, pain scores, and hemodynamic data were recorded for 24 h. RESULTS:Within 6 h of surgery, groups O and PP had a lower incidence of nausea compared with groups PI and PIP (P < 0.05). Fewer patients in group PP (19%) vomited during the 24-h period compared with groups O (48%), PI (64%), and PIP (52%) (P < 0.05). The incidence of antiemetic use was also less in group PP (P < 0.05). Patients in group PP had lower sedation scores at 30 min and at 1 h (P < 0.05). There were no differences among the groups in pain scores, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and incidence of pruritus. CONCLUSIONS:Propofol administered to induce and maintain anesthesia is more effective than ondansetron (with thiopental-isoflurane anesthesia) in preventing postoperative vomiting and is associated with fewer requests for rescue antiemetic and sedation in the early phase of recovery. It is equally effective in preventing postoperative nausea as ondansetron in the first 6 h after operation. Propofol used only as an induction agent or for induction and at the end of surgery were not as protective against postoperative nausea and vomiting.
journal_name
Anesthesiologyjournal_title
Anesthesiologyauthors
Gan TJ,Ginsberg B,Grant AP,Glass PSdoi
10.1097/00000542-199611000-00011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-11-01 00:00:00pages
1036-42issue
5eissn
0003-3022issn
1528-1175journal_volume
85pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验相关文献
ANESTHESIOLOGY文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiac complications are common during the postoperative period and may be associated with hypoxemia and tachycardia. Preliminary studies in high-risk patients after operation have shown a possible beneficial effect of oxygen therapy on arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate. METHODS:The authors studied...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199902000-00008
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The authors investigated the efficacy of bilateral suprazygomatic maxillary nerve block (SMB) for postoperative pain relief in infants undergoing cleft palate repair. METHODS:In this prospective, double-blind, single-site, randomized, and parallel-arm controlled trial, 60 children were assigned to undergo b...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000000171
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is commonly used as plasma expander during surgery but may be nephrotoxic as seen in studies in patients with sepsis. The authors hypothesized that the possible nephrotoxicity of 6% HES 130/0.4 could be revealed by measurements of urinary excretion of neutrophil gelatinase-associate...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000000413
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During experimental cardiac arrest, continuous insufflation of air or oxygen (CIO) through microcannulas inserted into the inner wall of a modified intubation tube and generating a permanent positive intrathoracic pressure, combined with external cardiac massage, has previously been shown to be as effective ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-200006000-00007
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess depth of anesthesia for intravenous anesthetics using clinical stimuli and observed responses, it is necessary to achieve constant serum concentrations of drug that result in constant biophase or central nervous system concentrations. The goal of this investigation was to use a computer-controlled infusion p...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199208000-00002
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The value of exercise electrocardiography in the prediction of perioperative cardiac risk has yet to be defined. This study was performed to determine the predictive value of exercise electrocardiography as compared with clinical parameters and resting electrocardiography. METHODS:A total of 204 patients at...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200101000-00011
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Volatile anesthetics relax airway smooth muscle (ASM) by altering intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The authors hypothesized that relaxation is produced by decreasing sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content via increased Ca2+ "leak" through both inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and ryanodine receptor chann...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200107000-00032
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sevoflurane, 1.4 per cent (MAC), was administered to groups of Fischer 344 rats for 10 hours, 4 hours, or 1 hour; additional rats received 0.5 per cent methoxyflurane for 3 hours or 1 hour. Urinary inorganic fluoride excretion of sevoflurane in vivo was a third to a fourth that of methoxyflurane. However, using hepati...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-197507000-00015
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nitrous oxide limits intraoperative hypothermia because the vasoconstriction threshold with nitrous oxide is higher than with equi-minimum alveolar concentrations of sevoflurane or isoflurane, presumably because of its stimulating actions on the sympathetic nervous system. Xenon, in contrast, does not cause ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199909000-00011
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ulnar neuropathy is well-recognized as a potential complication of procedures performed on anesthetized patients. However, reported outcomes and risk factors for this problem are based on small series and anecdotes. METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed the perioperative courses of 1,129,692 consecutive patie...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Awake tracheal intubation may evoke reflex bronchoconstriction in asthmatics. Whether this effect is altered by the choice of the local anesthetic used or by pretreatment with a beta2-adrenoceptor agonist is unknown. Therefore, we assessed the effect of awake fiberoptic intubation after lidocaine or dyclonin...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-200212000-00016
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to determine changes in hepatic oxygen supply in guinea pigs during halothane or isoflurane anesthesia. Twenty-seven guinea pigs were randomly divided into three equal groups: control (no anesthesia) group, and animals anesthetized with halothane or isoflurane to decrease mean arterial p...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198711000-00014
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of chronic renal failure (RF) on the pharmacokinetics of morphine was studied in nine patients with end-stage RF, aged 58 +/- 8 yr (SD), and in seven control patients, aged 58 +/- 15 yr, undergoing peripheral surgery under general anesthesia. All patients received 0.2 mg X kg-1 as an intravenous bolus injec...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198703000-00011
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) requires early diagnosis and adequate antibiotic therapy. The aim of this prospective postmortem study was to assess the accuracy of direct examination and quantification of intracellular organisms (ICO) for the diagnosis of VAP. METHODS:Total and differential cell coun...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199708000-00013
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In this study, the authors determined the success and failure rates for interns learning bag-and-mask ventilation and orotracheal intubation. Their goal was to determine the amount of experience needed to perform these procedures correctly. METHODS:The authors recorded 695 bag-and-mask ventilations and 679 ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181d96779
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Insufficient data exist on the production of compound A during closed-system sevoflurane administration with newer carbon dioxide absorbents. METHODS:A modified PhysioFlex apparatus (Dräger, Lübeck, Germany) was connected to an artificial test lung (inflow at the top of the bellow approximately/= 160 ml/min...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200109000-00030
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Conflicting results have been reported concerning the effect of platelet transfusion on several outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the independent effect of a single early intraoperative platelet transfusion on bleeding and adverse outcomes in cardiac surgery patients. METHODS:For this observatio...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001518
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Myocardial contractility is regulated by intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2'],) and myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. The objective of this study was to elucidate the direct effects of thiopental on cardiac excitation-contraction coupling using individual, field-stimulated ventricular myocytes. METH...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199807000-00027
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In pediatric patients, obstruction of the upper airway is a common problem during general anesthesia. Chin lift is a commonly used technique to improve upper airway patency. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying this technique. METHODS:The authors studied the effect of the chin lift maneuv...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199906000-00018
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiport epidural catheters are popular; however, the reliability of the air test has not been evaluated with this catheter design. The authors determined the effectiveness of aspirating for blood and the air test in detecting intravascular multiorifice epidural catheters. METHODS:Three hundred women in la...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200006000-00018
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We performed a prospective randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of a chlorhexidine dressing in reducing the microbial flora at the insertion site of epidural catheters. These catheters were used for acute pain management and were dressed either by a standardized method or with a CHX/urethane sponge compo...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199010000-00007
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Caveolae are a nexus for protective signaling. Trafficking of caveolin to mitochondria is essential for adaptation to cellular stress though the trafficking mechanisms remain unknown. The authors hypothesized that G protein-coupled receptor/inhibitory G protein (Gi) activation leads to caveolin trafficking t...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000000295
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Initial postoperative core temperature is a physician and hospital performance measure. However, the extent to which core temperature changes during emergence from anesthesia and transport from the operating room to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) remains unknown. Similarly, the accuracy of many noninvas...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181a864ca
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dyspnea, like pain, can cause major suffering in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Its evaluation relies on self-report; hence, the risk of being overlooked when verbal communication is impaired. Observation scales incorporating respiratory and behavioral signs (respiratory distress observation scales [RDO...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000000805
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The authors sought to determine whether subjects with pathophysiological conditions that are characterized by increased concentrations of aldosterone have increased susceptibility to the side effects of neonatal anesthesia with sevoflurane. METHODS:Postnatal day 4-20 (P4-P20) rats were exposed to sevofluran...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e318266c62d
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal studies have provided considerable evidence to support a role of histamine in the central nervous system in thermoregulation, and premedication with a histamine H2 receptor antagonist before general anesthesia is used to reduce the risk of acid aspiration. The authors investigated whether premedicatio...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199512000-00008
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The number of pregnancy-related deaths and severe maternal complications continues to rise in the United States, and the quality of obstetrical care across U.S. hospitals is uneven. Providing hospitals with performance feedback may help reduce the rates of severe complications in mothers and their newborns. ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000002759
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spinal nitric oxide (NO) is important for the analgesic actions of morphine and cholinergic agents. Its role in the analgesic effect of delta-opioid receptor agonists is not known. In the present study, the authors determined the role of spinal endogenous NO in the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal [D-Pe...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200301000-00033
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic pain is associated with depression. In rodents, pain is often assessed by sensory hypersensitivity, which does not sufficiently measure affective responses. Low-dose ketamine has been used to treat both pain and depression, but it is not clear whether ketamine can relieve depression associated with c...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31822f16ae
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of lidocaine on arterial pressure, heart rate and electrocortical activity were studied in nine fetal lambs at 0.77 to 0.92 gestation (116 to 138 days of gestation; term in sheep is 150 days). Lidocaine was administered into a fetal femoral vein either as a continuous infusion or as a bolus injection. Epilepti...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-197602000-00008
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00