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Association of autoantibodies against platelet glycoproteins Ib/IX and IIb/IIIa, and platelet-reactive anti-HIV antibodies in thrombocytopenic narcotic addicts.

Abstract：

:The levels of platelet-associated Igs (PAIgs) and plasma circulating antiplatelet antibodies were evaluated by a flow cytometric immunofluorescence assay (FCIFA), an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), and a platelet radioactive antiglobulin test (PRAT), in a group of 45 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected intravenous drug users (IVDUs), with or without thrombocytopenia (TCP). Direct tests demonstrated an increased amount of PAIgs in 40% of the patients, irrespective of their platelet count. These PAIgs were mainly of IgG class and could not be eluted with ether. Plasma IgG with antiplatelet activity was found in 70% of the thrombocytopenic individuals, whereas it was detected in only one patient without TCP. The relative frequencies of antibodies against the platelet glycoproteins (GPs) Ib/IX and IIb/IIIa were assessed in plasma from all patients by means of the monoclonal antibody-specific immobilization of platelet antigens assay (MAIPA). Plasmas from all non-thrombocytopenic patients were negative when tested by indirect MAIPA. In contrast, 10/23 plasma from thrombocytopenic patients reacted with either GP IIb/IIIa, GP Ib/IX, or both GPs. Finally, aiming to investigate whether HIV antibodies from these patients are reactive with normal platelets, we performed absorption-elution experiments, followed by evaluation of HIV antibodies in the indirect eluates by ELISA and Western blot. Interestingly, we detected anti-HIV antibodies that bind to normal platelet antigens in 50% of the ether eluates prepared from control platelets sensitized with plasma from patients with TCP, but in only 5% of eluates obtained from platelets sensitized with plasma from non-thrombocytopenic patients. The present study provides direct evidence that specific autoantibodies against platelet membrane GPs Ib/IX and IIb/IIIa are common in HIV positive thrombocytopenic individuals. The finding in these patients of HIV antibodies cross-reactive with normal platelets, suggests that mimicry of human antigens by HIV could play a key role in the pathophysiology of the HIV-related TCP.

journal_name

Br J Haematol

journal_title

British journal of haematology

authors

Gonzalez-Conejero R,Rivera J,Rosillo MC,Cano A,Rodriguez T,Vicente V

doi

10.1046/j.1365-2141.1996.00502.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1996-05-01 00:00:00

pages

464-71

issue

eissn

0007-1048

issn

1365-2141

journal_volume

pub_type

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Association of autoantibodies against platelet glycoproteins Ib/IX and IIb/IIIa, and platelet-reactive anti-HIV antibodies in thrombocytopenic narcotic addicts.