Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:The physiologic roles of nonphasic firing oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of female rats throughout pregnancy and parturition was studied from the viewpoint of changes in the membrane activities. STUDY DESIGN:Thin colonal hypothalamic slices containing the paraventricular nucleus were prepared. Immunohistochemical studies of oxytocin in the paraventricular nucleus were performed to determine the localization of oxytocin-containing neurons. Extracellular single neural activities were recorded with a glass micropipette from the oxytocin-dense area, and physiologic concentrations of oxytocin were applied. RESULTS:Nonphasic firing activity was recorded from 61 neurons in virgin female, pregnant, delivering and lactating rats. After bath application of < 5.0 x 10(-11) mol/L of oxytocin, firing rates of 12 of 17 paraventricular neurons in virgin rats decreased and only one increased, whereas the remaining four showed no response to oxytocin. In pregnancy at day 15 all four neurons decreased in activity, whereas at day 21 rats 20 of 26 neurons decreased, two increased, and four showed no response. On the contrary, in delivering rats seven of eight neurons exhibited excitatory responses, and only one showed no response. This excitation reversed to inhibition again after the lactating period ended. CONCLUSION:Negative feedback by oxytocin in virgin and pregnant rats might reverse to positive feedback in delivering and lactating animals as a result of changes in hormonal conditions. This reverse might be closely related to the initiation of delivery.
journal_name
Am J Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
American journal of obstetrics and gynecologyauthors
Kawarabayashi T,Kuriyama K,Nakashima T,Kiyohara T,Sugimori Hdoi
10.1016/s0002-9378(12)90854-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-03-01 00:00:00pages
969-74issue
3 Pt 1eissn
0002-9378issn
1097-6868pii
S0002-9378(12)90854-6journal_volume
168pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to analyze records of uterine electrical activity made from the abdominal surface of pregnant and laboring rats to examine whether similar quantitative information can be extracted as from direct recording from the uterine muscle. STUDY DESIGN:Electrical activity during pregnancy (...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70498-3
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significant public health disparities exist surrounding teen and unplanned pregnancy in the United States. Women of color and those with lower education and socioeconomic status are at much greater risk of unplanned pregnancy and the resulting adverse outcomes. Unplanned pregnancies reduce educational and career oppor...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2016.02.017
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Our purpose was determine whether there are ethnic differences in vaginal colonization with organisms reputed to be associated with preterm delivery. STUDY DESIGN:In seven urban medical centers in the United States from 1984 to 1989, 13,747 predominantly low-socioeconomic-status women at 23 to 26 weeks' gest...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(96)70617-8
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early spontaneous preterm delivery is often associated with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and/or intraamniotic inflammation. OBJECTIVE:The objective of the study was to develop and validate clinically feasible multivariable prediction models of spontaneous delivery within 7 days and microbial in...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.049
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether hormone analysis could be used for accurate determination of fetal sex, we measured testosterone (T) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in 130 amniotic fluid samples at midgestation. The mean unconjugated T in amniotic fluid of 73 patients carrying male fetuses was 202 pg. per milliliter (95 p...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9378(77)90034-5
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of the study was to compare time to first bowel movement (BM) after surgery in subjects randomized to placebo or senna with docusate. STUDY DESIGN:Ninety-six subjects completed a baseline 7-day bowel diary before and after surgery. After pelvic reconstructive surgery, the subjects were randomiz...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.01.003
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Our purpose was to identify the influence of parity and previous preterm delivery on pregnancy outcome in twin gestations. STUDY DESIGN:A retrospective comparative analysis of women with twin gestations completing an outpatient preterm labor surveillance program between April 1995 and February 2000 was perfo...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/mob.2002.123989
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We sought to study midpregnancy placental volume in rural Indian women, its maternal determinants, and its relationship to neonatal size. STUDY DESIGN:We performed a prospective community-based study of maternal nutrition and fetal growth in 6 villages near the city of Pune. Measurements included midpregnanc...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(00)70237-7
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to assess the use of circulating trophoblast cells in maternal peripheral blood for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of numeric chromosomal aberrations. STUDY DESIGN:A combined procedure for immunocytochemical identification and deoxyribonucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/mob.2001.112973
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The obstetric events leading to the birth of infants who developed respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were evaluated. In a retrospective study of 100 consecutive cases it was determined that untimely or unwarranted physician intervention in the pregnancy was responsible for 15 per cent of cases and possibly responsib...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to determine whether hysteroscopy improves the detection and extraction of endometrial polyps in postmenopausal women. This method was compared with curettage complemented by Randall polyp forceps. STUDY DESIGN:In a prospective study hysteroscopy was performed before and after curet...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/mob.2001.108332
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Our purpose was to investigate the efficacy of postsurgical treatment with nafarelin in women with advanced endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN:Eligible for trial were women < or = 38 years old with unexplained infertility with or without chronic pelvic pain and stage III or IV endometriosis according to the America...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0002-9378(94)90133-3
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Permanent congenital brachial plexus palsy is a recognized serious complication associated with shoulder dystocia. The timing and etiology of this injury remains controversial. Previous authorities have used adult-derived, non-brachial plexus data to extrapolate the anticipated timing for electromyographic de...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70478-8
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We sought to evaluate whether testing for hereditary thrombophilia alone or in combination with second-trimester uterine artery Doppler (UAD) is useful in predicting recurrent complications in patients with previous preeclampsia, placental abruption, or stillbirth. STUDY DESIGN:Between 2001 and 2005, 110 con...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2009.08.019
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to determine the localization of immunoreactive endothelin in human cyclic endometrium and in umbilical cord during normal delivery and after cesarean section. STUDY DESIGN:Fixed dated endometrial tissue (n = 41) and umbilical cord (n = 6) were subjected to immunohistochemistry with an anti...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91652-4
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Parity is the greatest risk factor for the development of pelvic organ prolapse. The normally supported vagina is pulled up and back over the levator ani. Loss of vaginal angulation has been associated with prolapse and may represent injury to the vaginal supportive tissues. OBJECTIVE:We proposed and examin...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2017.11.572
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural history of genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections was investigated in 83 pregnancies in 78 women, and the information was used to determine the need for cesarean section in these women. We studied 163 recurrent episodes with HSV cultures from the cervix and from vulvar lesions every 1 to 3 days. Cer...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9378(83)90679-8
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We measured the concentrations of plasma P selectin (or GMP-140) and glycocalicin in preeclamptic and eclamptic women. Correlations between these two parameters and blood pressures, platelet counts, or plasma thrombin-antithrombin complex values were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN:By use of enzyme-linked immunosorb...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(96)70407-6
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clonidine is a recommended antihypertensive for use during pregnancy, although little is known of its fetal effects. This study examines the effects of clonidine on breathing and sleep-state cycling in fetal lambs. Clonidine was infused into a fetal lateral ventricle for up to 24 hours at 128 to 135 days' gestation. C...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9378(90)91220-7
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We sought to estimate the risk of spontaneous preterm birth in parous women by use of obstetric history, fetal fibronectin, and sonographic cervical length. STUDY DESIGN:The probability of spontaneous preterm birth before 35 weeks' gestation was estimated from a logistic regression model with data from 1282 ...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70544-7
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We postulated that calcium supplementation of calcium-deficient pregnant women would lower vascular resistance in uteroplacental and fetoplacental circulations. STUDY DESIGN:Pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) (uterine and umbilical arteries) and presence of bilateral uterine artery diastolic no...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2009.07.037
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent progress in our understanding of uterine smooth muscle contraction is reviewed. We no longer believe that actin-myosin interaction in the myometrium occurs through activation of the thin filament; but it is triggered by calcium-dependent phosphorylation of myosin in the thick filament. Calcium is now thought to...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80320-4
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-five patients with Stage IB adenocarcinoma of the cervix were treated by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy from 1965 through 1985. Bleeding was the presenting symptom in 56% of the patients. Twenty patients underwent cone biopsy for diagnostic purposes and 70% had residual carcinoma at the time of ...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9378(89)90877-6
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether epidural anesthesia during labor affects maternal circulating catecholamines, blood samples were obtained from 15 patients at the peak of and immediately after two consecutive painful contractions. A lumbar epidural local anesthetic without epinephrine was then administered. After the onset of ana...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9378(83)90076-5
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect the quality of cytologic cervical cancer screening conducted in public sector clinics in Sonora, Mexico. STUDY DESIGN:We assessed the quality of cervical cytology before and after a 2-hour training session and the implementation of cervical sp...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/s0002-9378(03)00490-3
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The health and economic benefits of paid parental leave have been well-documented. In 2016, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists released a policy statement about recommended parental leave for trainees; however, data on adoption of said guidelines are nonexistent, and published data on pa...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2018.04.017
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Preeclampsia affects 6% to 8% of pregnancies. There are few data regarding hypertensive disorders that are diagnosed in the postpartum period. Our purpose was to determine the demographics, outcomes, and treatment of this complication. STUDY DESIGN:This was a multicenter retrospective study of women who had ...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2004.02.037
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A protein that is immunochemically indistinguishable from the major basic protein of the eosinophil granule is present at elevated concentrations in the plasma of pregnant women. Major basic protein has been localized to placental trophoblasts known as X cells. Because X cells are located in placental septa and septal...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9378(91)90107-3
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to observe the sequential effects of oxygenation, umbilical cord occlusion, and finally cooling on circulating catecholamines and nonshivering thermogenesis in fetal sheep. We studied five fetal sheep at 132 +/- 3 days' gestation. The fetuses were first ventilated with oxygen; PaO2 levels wer...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9378(91)90655-b
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cervical cultures of 2013 consecutive obstetric patients with no history of genital herpes simplex virus infection were used to determine the frequency of asymptomatic herpes simplex virus shedding in labor. Four (0.20%) of these patients had positive cultures. None of the exposed neonates developed clinical evidence ...
journal_title:American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9378(88)90034-8
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00