Abstract:
:In this review, we have summarized various aspects as to how prenatal protein malnutrition affects development of the brain and have attempted to integrate several broad principles, concepts, and trends in this field in relation to our findings and other studies of malnutrition insults. Nutrition is probably the single greatest environmental influence both on the fetus and neonate, and plays a necessary role in the maturation and functional development of the central nervous system. Prenatal protein malnutrition adversely affects the developing brain in numerous ways, depending largely on its timing in relation to various developmental events in the brain and, to a lesser extent, on the type and severity of the deprivation. Many of the effects of prenatal malnutrition are permanent, though some degree of amelioration may be produced by exposure to stimulating and enriched environments. Malnutrition exerts its effects during development, not only during the so-called brain growth spurt period, but also during early organizational processes such as neurogenesis, cell migration, and differentiation. Malnutrition results in a variety of minimal brain dysfunction-type syndromes and ultimately affects attentional processes and interactions of the organism with the environment, in particular producing functional isolation from the environment, often leading to various types of learning disabilities. In malnutrition insult, we are dealing with a distributed, not focal, brain pathology and various developmental failures. Quantitative assessments show distorted relations between neurons and glia, poor formation of neuronal circuits and alterations of normal regressive events, including cell death and axonal and dendritic pruning, resulting in modified patterns of brain organization. Malnutrition insult results in deviations in normal age-related sequences of brain maturation, particularly affecting coordinated development of various cell types and, ultimately, affecting the formation of neuronal circuits and the commencing of activity of neurotransmitter cell types and, ultimately, affecting the formation of neuronal circuits and the commencing of activity of neurotransmitter systems. It is obvious that such diffuse type "lesions" can be adequately assessed only by interdisciplinary studies across a broad range of approaches, including morphological, biochemical, neurophysiological, and behavioral analyses.
journal_name
Neurosci Biobehav Revjournal_title
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviewsauthors
Morgane PJ,Austin-LaFrance R,Bronzino J,Tonkiss J,Díaz-Cintra S,Cintra L,Kemper T,Galler JRdoi
10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80234-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-04-01 00:00:00pages
91-128issue
1eissn
0149-7634issn
1873-7528journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The cognitive states that underlie animal behavior may include conscious, subjective, mental experiences. Familiar arguments to the contrary are inconclusive. Interactive communication between social animals may well include the exchange of information about subjective feelings and thoughts. Objective data about the s...
journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
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journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
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journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
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更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
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journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
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journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
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journal_title:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
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更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00