Abstract:
OBJECT:The authors compared and characterized several new classes of camptothecin (CPT) analogs (a total of 22 drugs) directed against human and murine glioma cell lines in vitro, trying to identify CPT analogs that can be used for local therapy in future clinical trials. Camptothecin is a naturally occurring alkaloid that inhibits the DNA-replicating enzyme topoisomerase I. Moreover, CPT and its analogs have shown promising antitumor activity against both systemic and intracranial neoplasms. Because the CPTs have poor bioavailability and are unable to cross the blood-brain barrier, they may best be delivered to the central nervous system by polymers. The authors have previously shown that local delivery of Na-CPT by implantable polymers prolongs survival in a rat intracranial glioma model. In recent years, a number of newly synthesized CPT analogs have been developed that exhibit more potency and stability than Na-CPT. METHODS:Cytotoxicities of the drugs were tested using modified clonogenic and monotetrazolium assays in three glioma cell lines. A potassium chloride-sodium dodecyl sulfate coprecipitation assay was used to determine the frequency of drug-stabilized cleavable complexes. Of the CPT analogs analyzed, the 10,11-methylenedioxy (MD) class consistently demonstrated the greatest cytotoxicity. Three of these analogs, 10,11-MD-20(RS)-CPT, 10,11-MD-20(S)-CPT-glycinate ester (Gly).HCl, and 9-amino-10,11-MD-20(S)-CPT-Gly, exhibit significantly greater antiproliferative activities than CPT, Na-CPT, or 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) against all three glioma cell lines. In addition, the 10,11-MD-20(RS)-CPT analog induces more cleavable complexes than Na-CPT at every concentration. CONCLUSIONS:The increased potency and greater stability of CPT analogs hold promise for more effective local antitumor treatments against malignant intracranial brain tumors. The greater cytotoxicity of 10,11-MD CPTs in comparison with other CPT analogs as well as CPT, BCNU, or Na-CPT, may present an ideal candidate drug class for development against both primary and metastatic brain tumors.
journal_name
J Neurosurgjournal_title
Journal of neurosurgeryauthors
Sampath P,Amundson E,Wall ME,Tyler BM,Wani MC,Alderson LM,Colvin M,Brem H,Weingart JDdoi
10.3171/jns.2003.98.3.0570subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-03-01 00:00:00pages
570-7issue
3eissn
0022-3085issn
1933-0693journal_volume
98pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Two patients with malignant brain tumors who developed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia after treatment with radiation and chemotherapy are described. Both patients survived more than 2 years after diagnosis of the brain tumor. Survival following the diagnosis of leukemia was short, and both patients died of hemorrhage s...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1984.60.6.1287
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Ventricular infection after ventriculostomy placement carries a high mortality rate. Responding to ventriculostomy infection rates, a multidisciplinary performance improvement team was formed, a comprehensive protocol for ventriculostomy placement was developed, and the efficacy was evaluated. METHODS:A best-pr...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2012.11.JNS121336
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Detachable platinum coils are widely used in the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. The use of coil placement produces a higher incidence of aneurysm recurrence compared with surgical clipping. To reduce the incidence of recurrence by promoting clot organization, the authors designed a platinum co...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.2005.103.4.0681
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Intrasylvian hematoma (ISH) is a subtype of intracranial hematoma caused by aneurysmal rupture and often presents with a poor initial neurological grade; it is not well studied. The aim of this study was to elucidate outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with ISH. METHODS:Data for 97 patients wit...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2014.10.JNS141658
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The goal of this study was to quantify volumetrically cement fill and leakage in patients with osteoporotic and metastatic vertebral lesions undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty and to establish whether these factors have any clinical significance at follow up. METHODS:Digital computerized tomography data wer...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/spi.2003.99.1.0056
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The author, who was editor of the Journal of Neurosurgery from 1975 to 1985, recalls the history of the journal during the 15 hears beginning in 1965, when Dr. Louise Eisenhardt resigned as its first editor. In an addendum, he presents some thoughts on the future of neurosurgery and the role the journal should play in...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1994.80.5.0939
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The authors investigated early changes in the cerebral arteries of rats that occur after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS:Messenger RNA was investigated by performing microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses, and protein expression was shown by performing immunohistoc...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.2006.105.3.438
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors report four cases of traumatic neuroma in the cervical nerve root in patients with no history of trauma. In one case the patient presented with intractable pain in the left upper extremity and motor paresis of the left shoulder, and in another case the patient suffered neuropathic pain in the left forearm....
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/spi.2002.97.3.0393
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE Direct and indirect bypass surgeries are recognized as the most effective treatments for preventing further stroke in adults with moyamoya disease (MMD). However, the risk factors for postoperative infarction after bypass surgery for MMD are not well established. Therefore, the objective of this study was to...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2016.3.JNS152256
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal instrumentation currently allows gross-total resection and reconstruction in cases of malignancies at all levels of the spine. The authors analyzed the results in 110 patients who underwent surgery for primary and metastatic spinal tumors over a 5-year period (1989-1993) at a single institution. Major primary s...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1996.85.3.0438
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The trigeminal nerve conducts both sensory and motor impulses. Separate superior and inferior motor roots typically emerge from the pons just anterosuperomedial to the entry point of the sensory root, but to date these two motor roots have not been adequately displayed on magnetic resonance (MR) images. The spec...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.2004.101.3.0427
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the relatively benign natural history of cavernous carotid artery aneurysms and based on anecdotal reports in the literature of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) or subdural hemorrhage (SDH) from these aneurysms, observation is warranted and typically recommended. In this case report, the authors describe a woman wh...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.2006.105.2.315
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anterior condylar confluence (ACC) is located on the external orifice of the canal of the hypoglossal nerve and provides multiple connections with the dural venous sinuses of the posterior fossa, internal jugular vein, and the vertebral venous plexus. Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) of the ACC and hypoglossal...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/JNS/2008/109/8/0335
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-resolution proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy was performed on perchlorate extracts of tumors (24 cases) or peritumoral vermis (five cases) obtained at surgery. Fifteen tumors were typical cerebellar astrocytomas and nine were posterior fossa primitive neuroectodermal tumors/medulloblastomas. Spectra obt...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1994.81.3.0443
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The problems of sickle cell disease and its complications is discussed. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is not a common complication of sickle cell disease and should be evaluated in the same way as if it were not associated with the disease. Patients with sickle cell trait have an added risk during angiography and hypotensiv...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1977.47.5.0761
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE Access to the third ventricle is a veritable challenge to neurosurgeons. In this context, anatomical and morphometric studies are useful for establishing the limitations and advantages of a particular surgical approach. The transchoroidal approach is versatile and provides adequate exposure of the middle and...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2016.8.JNS16403
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitors are currently based on fluid-filled, strain gauge, or fiberoptic technology. Capacitive sensors have minimal zero drift and energy requirements, allowing long-term implantation and telemetric interrogation; their application to neurosurgery has only occasionally been reported...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2011.4.JNS101920
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare multiple system histiocytosis that is characterized pathologically by xanthogranulomatous infiltrates and radiologically by symmetrical sclerosis of long bones. The diagnosis is often confirmed by biopsy of bone or of orbital or retroperitoneal soft tissue. Intracranial involvem...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/jns.2002.96.2.0344
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE Hyperperfusion syndrome (HPS) is a notable complication that causes various neurological symptoms after superficial temporal artery (STA)-middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass surgery for moyamoya disease (MMD). The authors used intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography to measure the change in m...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2016.11.JNS162403
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The object of this retrospective study was to investigate the impact of targeted therapies on overall survival (OS), distant intracranial failure, local failure, and radiation necrosis among patients treated with radiation therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastases to the brain. METHODS:All patients d...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2018.8.JNS182100
更新日期:2019-01-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:In this paper, the authors' goal was to compare the artifact induced by implanted (in vivo) adjustable shunt valves in spin echo, diffusion weighted (DW), and gradient echo MR imaging pulse sequences. METHODS:The MR images obtained in 8 patients with proGAV and 6 patients with Strata II adjustable shunt valves ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2009.9.JNS09171
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The posterior spinal vein was occluded with silicone in seven rhesus monkeys, and locally resected in one. There were no neurological findings associated with acute venous obstruction of the cord. Follow-up arteriography revealed diversion of venous outflow into the anterior spinal venous system. Histology revealed gl...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1979.51.2.0201
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood flow for the whole spinal cord (SCBF), central cord (largely gray matter), and peripheral cord (largely white matter) has been measured at all segmental levels using radioactive microspheres in conscious sheep. Whole SCBF was greatest in the lower cervical and lumbar enlargements and least in the upper cervical ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1981.54.5.0620
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The syndrome of spontaneous intracranial hypotension is characterized by orthostatic headaches in conjunction with reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure or CSF volume, and characteristic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings. A 50-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of paroxysmal ataxia of gait and sh...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.2003.98.4.0903
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new microclip for use on blood vessels 300 mu to 1 mm in diameter is described. This clip is suitable for either temporary or permanent occlusion and has been used in experimental applications. Potential clinical applications are described. ...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1986.64.5.0822
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few neurosurgeons have stressed the occurrence, manifestations, and resectability of intramedullary spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVM's). In six of 17 patients in the authors' series of operable spinal AVM's, the lesions had major intramedullary components. Three of these six patients presented with subarachnoid...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1983.59.3.0471
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regional blood-to-tissue transport, expressed as a unidirectional transfer rate constant (K), was measured in experimental RT-9 brain tumors using 14C-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) and quantitative autoradiographic techniques. The magnitude of K depends on the permeability, surface area, and blood flow of the tissu...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/jns.1983.58.6.0874
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:This study was conducted to evaluate the value of postoperative CT scans in determining the probability of return to the operating room (OR) and the optimal time to obtain such scans to determine the effects of surgery. METHODS:Between January and December 2006 (12 months), all postoperative head CT scans obtai...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2009.11.JNS081048
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:The supplementary motor area (SMA) plays an important role in planning, initiation, and execution of motor acts. Patients with SMA lesions are impaired in various kinematic parameters, such as velocity and duration of movement. However, the relationships between neuronal activity and these parameters in the huma...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2008.10.JNS08466
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Camptocormia is a potentially debilitating condition in the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is described as an abnormal forward flexion while standing that resolves when lying supine. Although the condition is relatively common, the underlying pathophysiology and optimal treatment strategy are unc...
journal_title:Journal of neurosurgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.3171/2018.4.JNS173032
更新日期:2018-09-14 00:00:00