A justification for high resolution hematocrit measurement.

abstract：:The kinetics of gas exchange at the on-transient of exercise are appreciably slowed in older individuals. Eight older men (72 yr) completed 6 months of aerobic cycle training. Ventilation and gas exchange kinetics were determined at the onset of a below threshold (ventilatory threshold, V(E)T) square wave exercise fun...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Babcock MA,Paterson DH,Cunningham DA

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study investigated the combined effects of exercise and smoking cessation on serum lipids. METHODS:Eighteen female smokers quit smoking using standard behavioral methods combined with exercise (N = 9) or with a nonexercise contact time control (N = 9). The smoking cessation program for both groups consist...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Niaura R,Marcus B,Albrecht A,Thompson P,Abrams D

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Arterialization of venous gas emboli (VGE) formed after surfacing from SCUBA diving can become arterial gas emboli (AGE) through intrapulmonary arterial-venous anastomoses that open with exercise. METHODS:We recruited twenty patent foramen ovale-negative SCUBA divers and conducted a field and a laboratory...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Barak OF,Madden D,Lovering AT,Lambrechts K,Ljubkovic M,Dujic Z

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sudden cardiac death is always a tragedy. Sudden death during sport is particularly poignant because people tend to associate sport with health and fitness. Both the public and the medical profession would like to prevent such events, and preparticipation medical screening is often promoted as one such method. When we...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： MacAuley D

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A previous study has shown that subjects who entrain breathing during cycling exhibit a lower oxygen consumption (VO2) compared with random breathing. We sought to investigate the hypothesis that entrainment of breathing during rowing improved biomechanical economy (reduced VO2) compared with spontaneous breathing. A ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Maclennan SE,Silvestri GA,Ward J,Mahler DA

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Hyperventilation increases the clearance of carbon monoxide (CO) from blood; thus, we hypothesized that CO elimination would be enhanced with exercise. Accordingly, this study examined the effect of exercise on the half-life of carboxyhemolobin elimination. METHODS:Six healthy subjects (three males and three f...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Zavorsky GS,Smoliga JM,Longo LD,Uhranowsky KA,Cadman CR,Duffin J,Fisher JA

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is thought to result from osmotic and thermal events of air conditioning during exercise at high ventilation rates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate lung function after exercise and eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) while breathing both room-tempe...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Evans TM,Rundell KW,Beck KC,Levine AM,Baumann JM

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study compared the effect of an initial exercise consisting of either low-intensity eccentric or maximal isometric contractions (ISOs) on protective effect against maximal eccentric contraction (MaxECC)-induced muscle damage. METHODS:Untrained young men were placed into one of five groups (n = 13 per grou...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Chen TC,Chen HL,Pearce AJ,Nosaka K

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The study purpose was to determine the relationship: 1) of muscle metabolism to exercise performance and 2) of exercise performance to rate of weight gain. METHODS:Eighty-three black and white premenopausal women were evaluated for maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max ), isometric quadriceps and triceps surae strengt...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Larew K,Hunter GR,Larson-Meyer DE,Newcomer BR,McCarthy JP,Weinsier RL

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the physiological and performance adaptations between periodized and nonperiodized resistance training in women collegiate tennis athletes. METHODS:Thirty women (19 +/- 1 yr) were assigned to either a periodized resistance training group (P), nonperiodized training group (NV), or a control group (C)...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kraemer WJ,Hakkinen K,Triplett-Mcbride NT,Fry AC,Koziris LP,Ratamess NA,Bauer JE,Volek JS,McConnell T,Newton RU,Gordon SE,Cummings D,Hauth J,Pullo F,Lynch JM,Fleck SJ,Mazzetti SA,Knuttgen HG

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether fasting plasma leptin concentration was altered with an increase in training volume in competitive male and female athletes. METHODS:Intercollegiate male (N = 9) and female (N = 12) swimmers were examined during the preseason and at two times during the mid-se...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Noland RC,Baker JT,Boudreau SR,Kobe RW,Tanner CJ,Hickner RC,McCammon MR,Houmard JA

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy whole-body exercise, requiring a 10- to 15-fold increase in minute ventilation, encroaches on the capacities of the respiratory muscle system to respond. Recently, using the technique of bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation, it has been shown that heavy endurance exercise (> 85% of VO2max) lasting > 8-10 min caus...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Johnson BD,Aaron EA,Babcock MA,Dempsey JA

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six adult females with normal menstrual cycles (28-31 d in length) volunteered to exercise on a bicycle ergometer on five different days of their menstrual cycles (days 2, 8, 14, 20, and 26; day 1 = onset of menstruation). Each day the subjects exercised at a maximum work load (184.4 W) and at four submaximal exercise...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Stephenson LA,Kolka MA,Wilkerson JE

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Acute stress can increase fatigability and decrease steadiness of sustained low-force contractions that are required for functional tasks in upper limb muscles. Whether motor performance is more impaired in people with a chronic stress disorder is not known. PURPOSE:This study compared the fatigability an...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Keller-Ross ML,Schlinder-Delap B,Doyel R,Larson G,Hunter SK

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To assess physical activity, and its associations with health, clinical, and biochemical factors, in patients with stages 2-4 of chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS:Cross-sectional data were collected from 120 patients with CKD enrolled in the Lipid lowering and Onset of Renal Disease (LORD) trial. Patients ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Fassett RG,Robertson IK,Geraghty DP,Ball MJ,Burton NW,Coombes JS

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate neuromuscular characteristics and muscle power as determinants of distance running performance. METHODS:Seventeen male endurance athletes performed a 5-km time trial (5K) that included three separate constant-velocity 200-m laps during the course and a maximal 20-m ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Paavolainen LM,Nummela AT,Rusko HK

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The objectives of the present study were to examine gender differences and between-day variability of isometric hamstring muscle peak torque and perceived exertion. METHODS:Subjects included 20 healthy, college-aged male (N = 10) and female (N = 10) volunteers. Each subject completed five maximal voluntary iso...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Pincivero DM,Campy RM,Coelho AJ

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To comprehensively quantify through daily, serial measures changes in knee laxity as a function of changing sex-hormone levels across one complete menstrual cycle. METHODS:Twenty-five females, 18 - 30 yr, body mass index < or = 30, who reported normal menstrual cycles (28-32 d) over the past 6 months participa...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Shultz SJ,Kirk SE,Johnson ML,Sander TC,Perrin DH

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Physically active women have a reduced risk of breast cancer, but the dose of activity necessary and the role of energy balance and other potential mechanisms have not been fully explored in animal models. We examined treadmill and wheel running effects on mammary tumorigenesis and biomarkers in p53-deficient (...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Colbert LH,Westerlind KC,Perkins SN,Haines DC,Berrigan D,Donehower LA,Fuchs-Young R,Hursting SD

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1983 a representative sample of Danish adolescents 16-19 yr of age were selected to participate in a study to determine risk profile for coronary heart disease. Eight years later (1991), we performed a follow-up study of the same participants 23-27 yr of age to compare risk factors. In the young adults power was ge...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Andersen LB,Haraldsdóttir J

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Motivation to engage in health-promoting exercise has been ascribed to global personality traits such as self-esteem or athletic self-confidence. Self-Efficacy Theory challenges this view by proposing that highly specific estimates of personal capabilities mediate adoption of new or difficult behavior patterns. We tes...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Ewart CK,Stewart KJ,Gillilan RE,Kelemen MH

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of 14C as tracer to measure lactate turnover and oxidation and its role in gluconeogenesis are discussed. Lactate is formed as well as utilized in many cells, and most of it in the body is present within cells so that interpretation of 14C data from labelled lactate is more complex and more difficult than that...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Katz J

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine relationships between selected sociodemographic, health-related and environmental factors and levels of physical activity in older adults across three age groups. METHODS:Seven hundred sixty-four older adults (mean age = 77.4 +/- 8.6 yr) from a midsize Canadian city completed a self-administered que...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Chad KE,Reeder BA,Harrison EL,Ashworth NL,Sheppard SM,Schultz SL,Bruner BG,Fisher KL,Lawson JA

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study investigated the effects of the menstrual cycle on prolonged exercise performance both in temperate (20°C, 45% relative humidity) and hot, humid (32°C, 60% relative humidity) conditions. METHODS:For each environmental condition, 12 recreationally active females were tested during the early follicula...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Janse DE Jonge XA,Thompson MW,Chuter VH,Silk LN,Thom JM

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:FRESH START is a randomized controlled trial that will test whether a personally tailored, distance-medicine-based program will increase exercise and fruit and vegetable consumption, and decrease fat intake of individuals recently diagnosed with breast or prostate cancer. METHODS:Early-stage breast and prostat...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Demark-Wahnefried W,Clipp EC,McBride C,Lobach DF,Lipkus I,Peterson B,Clutter Snyder D,Sloane R,Arbanas J,Kraus WE

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The effects of glargine/glulisine insulin regimen on exercise blood glucose (BG) and strategies to limit exercise-induced hypoglycemia are not well documented. Intermittent high-intensity exercise has been proposed to prevent hypoglycemia, but its effect in participants with type 1 diabetes using glargine/...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Dubé MC,Lavoie C,Weisnagel SJ

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Few epidemiological studies have been conducted among middle-aged women on long-term total and specific physical activity (PA) trends. We studied in a cross-sectional setting the relationship of self-reported total daily PA with age and calendar time. METHODS:In a population-based cohort of 38,988 women aged 4...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Orsini N,Bellocco R,Bottai M,Pagano M,Wolk A

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty subjects were randomly assigned to: 1) prophylactic ibuprofen (N = 5) [400 mg TID initiated 4 h before collection of baseline data and strenuous eccentric exercise bout], 2) therapeutic ibuprofen (N = 5) [400 mg TID initiated 24 h after baseline], 3) placebo (N = 5), or 4) control (N = 5). Muscle soreness perce...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Hasson SM,Daniels JC,Divine JG,Niebuhr BR,Richmond S,Stein PG,Williams JH

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Inhaled beta2-agonists are important therapeutic agents for the treatment of exercise-induced asthma in athletes but are restricted by international antidoping regulations. PURPOSE:To investigate whether 18 mug of inhaled formoterol affects endurance performance during running at high altitudes until exha...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Riiser A,Tjørhom A,Carlsen KH

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Greater resistance to muscle fatigue has been observed in women versus men and in older versus young individuals. As suggested mechanisms for these differences include task intensity and duty cycle, the purpose of this study was to evaluate fatigue in healthy young and older men and women during maximum-effort ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Russ DW,Towse TF,Wigmore DM,Lanza IR,Kent-Braun JA

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00