Abstract:
:Limited data characterize pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine, and no data exist for an interaction with proton pump inhibitors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ranitidine or omeprazole administration on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin. A randomized single- and multiple-dose crossover study was conducted in healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin before and after steady-state administration of ranitidine or omeprazole. Time-concentration profiles were determined and pharmacokinetic parameters were characterized using noncompartmental methods. Pharmacokinetic data were analyzed in accordance with the two 1-sided test for bioequivalence. The percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC(90) during the dosing interval (T > MIC(90)) for Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus associated with the pharmacokinetic profiles was calculated. The coadministration of cephalexin with ranitidine or omeprazole resulted in relatively minor changes in C(max), AUC(infinity), t(1/2), or CL/F. t(max) was significantly prolonged when cephalexin was administered with ranitidine or omeprazole. Suboptimal T > MIC(90) was observed for cephalexin irrespective of acid suppression. Delay in absorption of cephalexin resulted in a decrease in the percentage of T > MIC(90) for certain acid-suppressive regimens and pathogen combinations. With the exception of an increase in t(max), there were no significant pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine or omeprazole. Delayed t(max) associated with acid suppression may result in a diminished T > MIC(90).
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Madaras-Kelly K,Michas P,George M,May MP,Adejare Adoi
10.1177/0091270004269558subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-01 00:00:00pages
1391-7issue
12eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604pii
44/12/1391journal_volume
44pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::The present study was conducted to determine the absolute bioavailability of fimasartan (FMS; Kanarb(®) ) after the single oral administration of a 60-mg tablet or a single 30-mg intravenous (IV) infusion. This investigation was a randomized, single-dose, open-labeled, two-way crossover study of 16 healthy Korean male...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/jcph.618
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of graded doses of anisotropine methylbromide on nocturanl gastric secretion were investigated in a double-blind crossover study in man. Single doses considerably higher than those usually employed for daytime use in adjunctive therapy of peptic ulcer disease significantly reduced acid secretion without si...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1977.tb04583.x
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary albumin binding site of indomethacin is remote from the bilirubin binding site. Indomethacin is, at most, a weak displacer of bilirubin at low serum drug concentrations. When administered at dosages less than 1 mg/kg, indomethacin would appear to be safe with respect to serum binding of bilirubin in premat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1978.tb01575.x
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately equianalgesic oral doses of codeine, an oxycodone compound resembling Percodan, and pentazocine were compared for adverse effects in a double-blind, randomized study of four doses of each drug given over two days to 247 postsurgical patients with pain. Placebo and parenteral morphine were also treated as...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb01724.x
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::CPX-351, a dual-drug liposomal encapsulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin at a synergistic ratio, is approved in the United States for adults with newly diagnosed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes. Population pharmacokinetics analyses were performed ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1366
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypotensive efficacy of labetalol was evaluated in 29 patients with essential hypertension in a single-blind dose ranging study. After a two-week period of placebo treatment, labetalol was given in oral doses of 0.6 g/d, 0.8 g/d, and 0.8 g/d combined with 25-50 mg/d of hydrochlorothiazide. Each regimen lasted four...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb03536.x
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Everolimus is an immunosuppressant intended for use with cyclosporine in acute-rejection prophylaxis following organ transplantation. The possibility of a drug interaction of cyclosporine on everolimus was assessed. In this randomized, two-period, crossover study, 24 healthy subjects received a single oral dose of 2 m...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270002042001011
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a double-blind sequential trial, the influence of transdermal electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) was studied in patients who were treated with total infusions of metoclopramide 3.5 mg/kg to counter the emetic action of cisplatin 60-90 mg/m2. Transdermal electrical nerve stimulation further reduced the emetic episo...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb02918.x
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microdialysis is a technique that allows the measurement of free antibiotic concentrations in different tissues, which are responsible for the antibacterial activity at the infection site. In an open, randomized, 2-way crossover study in healthy volunteers, the muscle penetration of orally administered cefpodoxime (40...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270004273679
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are increasingly important in antihypertensive therapy because of their efficacy, tolerability, and specific benefits in subsets of patients. They are pharmacologically diverse. Whereas most benefits have been proven with older agents (captopril, enalopril), newer agents,...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04070.x
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of a microgravity simulation using a head-down tilt (-6 degrees) on lidocaine pharmacokinetics used as a probe to evaluate hepatic blood flow is discussed. Eight healthy male subjects were selected for a 7-day study, including a 4-day head-down tilt from day 2 to day 5. Subjects were given 1 mg/kg of lidoca...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04110.x
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::DS-1040, a low-molecular-weight imidazole derivative, inhibits the enzymatic activity of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa), enhancing endogenous tissue plasminogen activator-triggered fibrinolysis. This first-in-human, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 1 study evaluated the safety, pharmacokineti...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/jcph.1474
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::After intravenous injection, sotalol follows a two-compartment distribution pattern. The processes of distribution and elimination are of first order; the intravenous biological half-life is 6 to 8 hours. The drug is mainly excreted by glomerular filtration via the kidney, and metabolites are not found. Of the pharmac...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1979.tb02517.x
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::As documented in national surveys, for the past several years, marijuana has been the most commonly abused drug in the United States, with approximately 6% of the population 12 years and older having used the drug in the month prior to interview. The use of marijuana is not without significant health hazards. Marijuan...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.2002.tb05997.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retigabine, a first-in-class selective M-current potassium channel opener, is a novel antiepileptic compound currently in clinical development. The purpose of this randomized placebo-controlled study was to assess retigabine oral safety and pharmacokinetics in healthy male volunteers (N = 45). Subjects received one do...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/00912700222011210
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioavailability and pharmacologic activity of tablets containing micronized spironolactone chemical (median particle size 2.21 micrometers) were compared to those of tablets made from standard spironolactone chemical (median particle size 78.8 micrometers) in healthy men. Apart from particle size, all features of ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02694.x
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because of the key role blood viscosity plays in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) and the hemorheological effects of pentoxifylline (PTX), this study was conducted to evaluate whether PTX can reduce BP when added to captopril in patients with stage 1 hypertension. In this randomized clinical trial 62 patients wit...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1516
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective study of adverse drug reactions was recently completed at the Clinical Pharmacology Unit of J. J. Group of Hospitals. 338 patients were included in this study, and adverse reactions were noted by a team of workers including a nurse and a physician. World Health Organization definitions were used to descr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1975.tb02365.x
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Health-related quality of life in people with intellectual disabilities can be affected by challenging behaviors and side effects of antipsychotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of discontinuation antipsychotic drugs on health-related quality of life, including data from 2 discontinuation trials: a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1311
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ReN1869 (NNC 05-1869) is a novel, selective H1 receptor antagonist that has been developed for analgesic purposes. In a first human dose administration study, the safety and pharmacokinetics of seven single oral doses in the range of 3.5 to 95 mg ReN1869 were studied. The study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270002239708
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The centrally acting agents are one of several differing classes of drugs now available for antihypertensive therapy. The availability of newer pharmacologic classes, including the beta-blockers, alpha-blockers. ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers, has resulted in a relative decline in the use of the centrally...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03387.x
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinaprilat is the active metabolite of quinapril, an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The dose-response and duration-of-effect after single intravenous doses of quinaprilat and placebo (part A) and after administration of oral quinapril solution and intravenous quinaprilat (part B) were as...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1996.tb05028.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychoactive drugs are often widely used before tolerance and dependence is fully appreciated. Tolerance to cannabis-induced cardiovascular and autonomic changes, decreased intraocular pressure, sleep and sleep EEG, mood and behavioral changes is acquired and, to a great degree, lost rapidly with optimal conditions. M...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb02589.x
更新日期:1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessment of drug-induced venodilation by the dorsal hand vein compliance method requires stable constriction of the vein. This study was designed to investigate intra- and intersubject reproducibility of the venous preconstriction technique in response to phenylephrine and prostaglandin F2 alpha and to determine the...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270002251004
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathophysiology of poliomyelitis and the recognition of the "post-polio syndrome" suggest that susceptibility to muscle relaxants of patients previously affected by this disease, may be altered. We compared the effects of d-tubocurarine (dTc), pancuronium (P), and gallamine (G) on two pediatric surgical patient gr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb03458.x
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A general objective of drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies is to determine whether potential interactions of new molecular entities with concomitantly administered other drugs exist and, if DDIs occur, whether dosage adjustments are required. A typical end point for DDI evaluations is the ratio of area under the plasm...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1104
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of hemodialysis-associated hemorrhage was studied prospectively in two successive, parallel, heparin-controlled studies using epoprostenol (PGI2; average dose, 4.1 ng/kg.min) as the sole antithrombotic agent. Sixty-three patients with active or recently active bleeding underwent 163 hemodialysis treatmen...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03222.x
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Floctafenin (FFn), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl--N--(8--trifluoromethyl--4--quinolyl) anthranilate, a new nonnarcotic analgesic drug, was studied in man, mice, and the isolated perfused rat liver. In all species the drug is rapidly hydrolyzed to floctafenic acid (FFa). In seven volunteer subjects who each received a single ora...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1979.tb01613.x
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fosamprenavir (FPV) is the phosphate ester prodrug of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor amprenavir (APV). A pediatric population pharmacokinetic model for APV was developed and simulation was used to identify dosing regimens for pediatric patients receiving FPV in combination with ritonavir (RTV) which resulted in concentr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.205
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Half-life is a standard result reported with analysis of pharmacokinetic data. Different definitions such as noncompartmental half-life, terminal half-life, effective half-life, and context-sensitive half-life can yield substantially different estimates of the quantity "half-life." Time to attainment of steady-state c...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1701
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00