Abstract：
:Recently we showed that tetracyclines tend to persist and may accumulate in sandy soils after repeated fertilizations with liquid manure. We continued these field investigations from 2001 to 2003 and observed no further accumulation of tetracyclines in soil, but found that the average tetracycline concentration remained higher than 150 microg/kg soil. From 2000 to 2002, approximately 330 g tetracycline, 7 g chlortetracycline, 28 g sulfamethazine, and 57 g sulfadiazine per hectare were transferred via liquid manure to the topsoil (0-30 cm). Nevertheless, no leaching of tetracyclines into deeper soil segments or groundwater was observed. Furthermore, we developed new analytical methods for the detection of various sulfonamides in liquid manure, soil, and groundwater. Investigation of the same fields used in the tetracycline study showed that sulfamethazine occurred in concentrations approximately two orders of magnitude lower than that of tetracycline in the plow layer. Although there apparently were very low concentrations of sulfamethazine in soil, we detected it in groundwater sampled by suction probes at 1.4 m below soil surface in the spring of 2002. Further investigations confirmed these findings. To our knowledge, this is the first direct evidence of continuous leaching of a veterinary drug from soil into groundwater under field conditions. We conclude that tetracyclines and sulfonamides show distinctly different environmental behaviors. One explanation may be their different sorption coefficients in soil, indicating (in part) their different mobilities in this ecosystem.
journal_name
Environ Toxicol Chemjournal_title
Environmental toxicology and chemistryauthors
Hamscher G,Pawelzick HT,Höper H,Nau Hdoi
10.1897/04-182r.1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-04-01 00:00:00pages
861-8issue
4eissn
0730-7268issn
1552-8618journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:As contaminant exposures in aquatic ecosystems continue to increase, the need for streamlining research efforts in environmental toxicology using predictive frameworks also grows. One such framework is the adverse outcome pathway (AOP). An AOP framework organizes and utilizes toxicological information to connect measu...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4757
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) on cadmium (Cd) uptake, translocation, and oxidative stress was investigated using 2 tobacco cultivars differing in Cd tolerance. The growth inhibition of the tobacco plants exposed to Cd toxicity was in part alleviated by moderate addition of NaCl in the culture solution. Cadmium ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2183
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten agronomic plant species were exposed to different concentrations of nano-titanium dioxide (nTiO2 ) or nano-cerium oxide (nCeO2 ) (0 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL, and 1000 μg/mL) to examine potential effects on germination and early seedling development. The authors modified a standard test protocol developed for so...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3374
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural organic matter (NOM) has long been shown to be the dominant factor in determining equilibrium and kinetic processes during sorption and desorption phenomena in sediment and soil experiments. Although several models have been suggested for predicting these processes, few offer mechanistic interpretations becaus...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4915
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) can serve as a useful indicator of food web contamination by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) because of its high trophic level, wide distribution in temperate coastal waters of the Northern Hemisphere, and relative ease of capture. In 1996 through 1997, we live-captured 60 harbor ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/03-85
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uranium (U) mining and milling release arsenic (As), nickel (Ni) and U to receiving waters, which accumulate in sediments. The objective of the present study was to investigate if As, Ni, and U concentrations in tissue residue of Hyalella azteca, overlying water, sediment porewater, and solids could predict juvenile a...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4179
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A systematic comparison of Cu toxicity thresholds was made between freshly spiked soils and soils in which elevated Cu concentrations have been present for various times. Three uncontaminated soils were spiked and experimentally leached or incubated outdoors for up to 18 months. Additionally, five field-contaminated s...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/04-673r.1
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rice is the main crop in the subbasin of the fluvial lagoon system of Palizada River (FLSPR) in the state of Campeche, Mexico. The pesticides used to control pests of this crop mainly are carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, and glyphosate. Black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis) is an ecologically and economically...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/03-646.1
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA microarray technology enables genome-wide detection of cell response at the transcriptional level. We are planning to make bioassay systems that can detect environmental chemicals to screen for potential bioreactive agents. To develop a DNA microarray for our purposes, the changes in gene expression underlying the...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/1551-5028(2001)020<2353:bocuad>2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the production and applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) increase, it is essential to characterize fate and effects in environmental systems. Nanosilver materials may settle from suspension; therefore, the authors' objective was to utilize environmentally relevant bioassays and study the impact, bioaccumulat...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2278
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study of the ecotoxicity of different short aliphatic protic ionic liquids (PILs) on terrestrial organisms was conducted. Tests performed within the present study include those assessing the effects of PILs on soil microbial functions (carbon and nitrogen mineralization) and terrestrial plants. The results show that...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.683
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because fish represent the principal methylmercury (MeHg) pool in the water column of freshwater systems, MeHg released from their carcasses could represent an important flux to the environment. Necrophagous invertebrates such as fly larvae can play an important role in this Hg recycling. We studied Hg accumulation by...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/04-054r.1
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) from the Rolling Plains ecoregion in Texas and Oklahoma were evaluated for organochlorine pesticides, Pb, and Hg. Of all organochlorine pesticides analyzed, only p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldich...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2917
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have found a correlation between organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure and declines in amphibian populations. We evaluated the hypothesis that this relationship is driven by behavioral changes in developing larvae. Specifically, we examined how exposure to a common OP pesticide, chlorpyrifos, influenc...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/05-522r.1
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As part of the University of Michigan Dioxin Exposure Study, soil samples were collected from 766 residential properties near the Tittabawassee River between Midland and Saginaw; near the Dow Chemical Facility in Midland; and, for comparison, in the other areas of Midland and Saginaw Counties and in Jackson and Calhou...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.24
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aquatic ecological environment is being threatened from overuse of pesticides, and the aquatic toxicity toward rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) plays a significant role in environmental risk assessment of agrochemicals. In the present study, 2 norm index formulas were developed, from which several norm descript...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4621
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylmercury is the predominant chemical form of mercury reported in the eggs of wild birds, and the embryo is the most sensitive life stage to methylmercury toxicity. Protective guidelines have been based mainly on captive-breeding studies with chickens (Gallus gallus), mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), and ring-necked...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/08-316.1
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) often occur together as contamination in exposure media such as drinking water or food. The relative potency factor (RPF) methodology facilitates the risk assessment of mixture exposure. A database of liver endpoints was established for 16 PFAS, using data with the same speci...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4835
更新日期：2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and water composition on the toxicity of copper to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, Lampsilis siliquoidea) were evaluated in natural and reconstituted waters. Acute 96-h copper toxicity tests werec onducted at four nominal DOC concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/08-655.1
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method is presented for extending the target lipid model (TLM) of narcotic toxicity to polar narcotic chemicals. The proposed polyparameter TLM extends the applicability of the TLM by including polar compounds and removing explicit chemical class corrections. The validity of the model is tested using a data set of 1...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/08-364.1
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fish plasma model (FPM) predicts the fish blood plasma concentration of a pharmaceutical from the water concentration to which the fish is exposed and compares it with the human therapeutic plasma concentration (Hther PC) with the postulate that no adverse toxic effects occur below the Hther PC. The present study ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4543
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The internalized speciation of lead in roots and leaves of Sesbania drummondii, a lead hyperaccumulator, grown in lead nitrate solution was studied using x-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended x-ray absorption fine structure. Lead was predominantly present as lead acetate in both plant tissues. The other do...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/03-540
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study evaluated the interactions of flight, fasting, and 1,1,1-trichloro-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-DDT) loading on residue metabolism and distribution in recently exposed white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys). Female sparrows were dosed with 5 mg p,p'-DDT per kg body weight over 3 d. Following 1 d...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.730
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), a new polycyclic polynitramine, has the same functional nitramine groups (N-NO2) as the widely used energetic chemicals hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (royal demolition explosive [RDX]) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (high-melting explosive...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/054-188r.1
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis), a protected endangered species, is the sole freshwater subspecies of finless porpoise, living only in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China, and its appended lakes. Its population has decreased sharply to 1,400 because of human act...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/07-381.1
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Baltic Sea is a heavily polluted area. To assess the current contaminant pressure on the common guillemot (Uria aalge) living there, whole-body extracts of guillemots from the Baltic Sea were prepared and subdivided over six fractions, which differed in composition due to lipophilicity and polarity of the contamin...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heavy metals can represent a threat to the health of aquatic ecosystems. Unlike organic chemicals, heavy metals cannot be eliminated by natural processes such as their degradation into less toxic compounds, and this creates unique challenges for their remediation from soil, water, and air. Phytoremediation, defined as...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/etc.4909
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We propose a biologically based approach to analyze reproductive data for the midge (Chironomus riparius). We showed in a previous study that its larval development can be divided in two distinct phases regarding the use of energy: The somatic growth period and the gametic growth period. We hypothesize here the gameti...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/03-52
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are major components of wastes from municipal gas plants and many wood preservatives. Soil contaminated with these wastes is a potential threat to human health because of the carcinogenicity of many PAHs. This study follows the fate of two four-ring PAHs, pyrene and chrysene, in...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrazine is a well-known contaminant of surface waters and has been implicated in point-source pollution at agrochemical dealerships in the Midwest. Although the fate of atrazine has been well documented in soil and water, little is known about the fate of this contaminant and its metabolites within a grassed system. ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/06-493R.1
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
