Abstract:
:The fish plasma model (FPM) predicts the fish blood plasma concentration of a pharmaceutical from the water concentration to which the fish is exposed and compares it with the human therapeutic plasma concentration (Hther PC) with the postulate that no adverse toxic effects occur below the Hther PC. The present study provides several lines of evidence supporting the FPM for the beta-adrenergic agonist salbutamol, a small cationic molecule at ambient pH. Salbutamol exhibited very low acute toxicity to early and adult life stages of fish. Biomass reduction in fish early life stages was the most sensitive apical endpoint, with no-observed-effect concentrations (NOECs) in the low mg/L range after continuous exposure for up to 120 d. Given that predicted and measured environmental concentrations are at least 1000-fold lower, the risk of salbutamol in freshwater is deemed very low. Increase in heart beat rate and decrease in total triglyceride content in fish also occurred at the low mg/L range and resembled effects known from humans. This finding supports the FPM assumption of conserved targets in fish with similar functionality. Plasma concentrations measured in adult and juvenile fish exposed to water concentrations at approximately the NOECs exceeded Hther PC and even approached plasma concentrations toxic to humans. This result confirms for salbutamol the FPM hypothesis that no adverse (i.e., population-relevant) toxic effects occur in fish below the Hther PC. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2509-2519. © 2019 SETAC.
journal_name
Environ Toxicol Chemjournal_title
Environmental toxicology and chemistryauthors
Weil M,Falkenhain AM,Scheurer M,Ryan JJ,Coors Adoi
10.1002/etc.4543subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-11-01 00:00:00pages
2509-2519issue
11eissn
0730-7268issn
1552-8618journal_volume
38pub_type
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