Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:To characterize the clinical, demographic and epidemiological features of MS patients from the only specialised MS centre in Iraq. METHODS:Data for consecutive Iraqi MS patients attending the Baghdad Multidiscipline MS Clinic between 2000 and 2002 who fulfilled Poser et al. criteria for clinically definite (CD) and clinically probable (CP) MS were reviewed. RESULTS:We identified a total of 300 MS patients (164 females, 54.7%; 136 males, 45.3%) with a mean age of onset being 29.2+/-7.8 years and the duration being 8.6+/-5.9 years. According to the year of clinical onset of MS, a progressive increase in cases in the last two decades and a trend towards more females was noted. Initial symptom was reported as motor in 31.7%, sensory in 28.3%, optic nerve in 24% and brainstem or cerebellar in 22.3% of patients. The course was relapsing-remitting in 199 (66.3%) patients, secondary progressive in 56 (18.7%) and primary progressive (PP) in 45 (15%) patients. CONCLUSIONS:MS is not rare in Iraq; its demographic and clinical data were, in general, similar to those reported in Caucasian populations. There was some evidence for North-South gradient and a possible increasing incidence characterized by an increase in female preponderance during the last 2 decades.
journal_name
J Neurol Scijournal_title
Journal of the neurological sciencesauthors
Al-Araji A,Mohammed AIdoi
10.1016/j.jns.2005.03.033subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-07-15 00:00:00pages
67-71issue
1-2eissn
0022-510Xissn
1878-5883pii
S0022-510X(05)00114-0journal_volume
234pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We study a patient with extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM), without central pontine myelinolysis (CPM), who exhibited changes in abnormalities observed with MRI. MRI in the acute stage of the bilateral basal ganglia showed a high signal intensity on T2-weighted images, and a low signal on T1-weighted images. The low sign...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(98)00275-5
更新日期：1998-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：:An accumulation of SCA6 cases has been observed in the Chugoku area of Western Japan. In the Tottori prefecture, located in the northeastern part of the Chugoku district, we observed a cluster of SCA6 families within the eastern area, suggesting that there may be a founder in the Japanese SCA6 population. Genotyping w...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(01)00453-1
更新日期：2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of excitotoxicity on the neuropathology of glutaric acidemia type I (GA I) is still under debate. Therefore, in the present work, we evaluated glutamate uptake by brain slices and glutamate binding to synaptic membranes, as well as glutamine synthetase activity in cerebral cortex and striatum from glutaryl-Co...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2014.09.003
更新日期：2014-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency which recently has been associated with heterozygous dominant-negative mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Although HIES is characterized by recurrent staphylococcal infections, the microbial invasion of the centr...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2011.07.045
更新日期：2011-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We detected androgen receptor (AR) mRNA expression in various tissues in the patients with X-BSNP and controls using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Northern blot analysis. The AR mRNAs were expressed in a wide variety of tissues including the testis, scrotal skin, liver, skeletal and card...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(94)90133-3
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathogenesis of MS has become better understood as a result of recent advances in several areas, particularly in epidemiology and neuro-imaging. A number of epidemiologically based conclusions need to be revised, most importantly the putative direct relationship between prevalence and latitude, and the concept tha...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(92)90280-x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We performed a quantitative neuropathological investigation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brains of 14 Japanese patients with diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD), and examined apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism in these patients. Most DLBD brains had as many senile plaques as those with Alzh...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(95)00312-p
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Contraction tension and kinetics of the peroneus longus muscle were studied in dogs with the Duchenne homologue, golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD), in advance of evaluating localized therapies such as myoblast transplantation. Absolute and both muscle- and body-weight-corrected twitch tension in GRMD dogs wer...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(94)90210-0
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The likelihood of severe disability and death increases with each recurrent stroke. Repeated intravenous (IV) thrombolysis remains one of the therapeutic options when secondary prevention fails; however, its effects after recurrent stroke are largely unknown. The aim of the present review was to assess the r...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2014.07.039
更新日期：2014-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Repeated administration of Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) results in a considerable learning effect in short- or long-term follow-up studies. However, the relationship between PASAT learning and changes in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters is yet to be investigated. OBJECTIVES:The aim...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2014.10.002
更新日期：2014-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Complex I (CI) is the largest component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) and it is made up of 7 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded and at least 38 nuclear DNA-encoded subunits. Isolated CI deficiency is the most common single enzyme deficiency in the heterogeneous group of MRC disorders and it is a relative...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2019.02.010
更新日期：2019-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In view of the hypothesis that a biochemical abnormality in the childhood forms of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis may lie in the utilization of dolichols in glycoprotein synthesis, we analyzed the oligosaccharide structures of brain glycoproteins in infantile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (INCL). Lectin affinity chro...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(86)90030-4
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Baló's concentric sclerosis (BCS) and tumefactive demyelination (TD) are considered atypical forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Baló lesions are characterized by concentric rings corresponding to alternating bands of demyelination and relatively preserved myelin (Hu and Lucchinetti, 2009). Tumefactive lesions are pseud...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2014.11.024
更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently, PRRT2 gene mutations have been identified as a causative factor of paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD). However, evidence is still lacking with respect to the genotype to phenotype correlation in PKD patients. METHODS:We recruited a cohort of PKD patients with or without PRRT2 mutations for th...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2014.02.034
更新日期：2014-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study shows biochemical data on skeletal muscle from 5 patients with Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS). Enzyme activities per muscle wet weight in the electron transport system of inner mitochondrial membrane were not significantly different in KSS from those in normal subjects except one patient with long durat...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(85)90037-1
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensory ataxia in inorganic germanium intoxication is rare. A 63-year-old housewife had taken inorganic germanium preparations at a dosage of 36 mg a day for about 6 years (total dose about 80 g). She subsequently developed difficulty in writing and gait disturbance with peripheral neuropathy and renal involvement. Ge...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(95)00032-w
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preclinical evidence strongly indicate that adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists represent a promising class of drugs for the treatment of motor deficits associated to Parkinson's disease. The effects of adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists were here assessed in a rat model of parkinsonian tremor induced by cholinomim...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.038
更新日期：2006-10-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurological injuries produced by explosive blasts are the result of a cascade of events that begin with the initial explosion and evolve from the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary effects that the explosion engenders [Lavonis EJ. Blast Injuries. EMedicine.htm]. Only the results of the primary blast are predictable,...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2006.06.005
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the phenotype of individuals with intermediate allele (IA) CAG repeat length in the huntingtin (HTT) gene evaluated at the Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (PDCMDC) at Baylor College of Medicine (BCM). BACKGROUND:Huntington disease (HD) is caused by a mutation in the HTT g...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2019.05.010
更新日期：2019-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The phase of rapid reduction of isometric strength in single muscle groups was identified and its slope was calculated in patients studied with the TQNE method. This parameter was studied in the extremities and in respiration in 4 ALS patients and 4 PMA (progressive spinal muscle atrophy) patients. The slopes of the s...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(96)00121-9
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The occurrence of neuropathy in 5 cases of inclusion body myositis (IBM) was studied. The intramuscular nerve branches showed variable ultrastructural changes in all cases. The observed changes were loss of axons, wallerian degeneration and axon terminal atrophy. EMG with concentric needles showed myopathic motor unit...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(90)90167-l
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on a four-year-old girl with head trauma caused by a motor vehicle accident. She presented with delirium, oculomotor palsy and ptosis in her left eye, left hemiparesis, and pyramidal signs in all extremities. Computed tomography on the day of admission showed diffuse cerebral edema with right-sided predomina...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2007.06.048
更新日期：2007-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) was assessed in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) who were subdivided into two groups--mild and moderately-severe--according to the severity of the disease, probable vascular dementia (VaD) patients and eld...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(95)00016-u
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The timed-up-and-go test (TUG) is a popular test for mobility, but it only measures the total time to complete tasks. Recent advances in smartphone technology enables measuring respective times of 6 components in the test (Stand, Go, Turn1, Come, Turns and Sit). We examined availability of these data for ass...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2019.01.023
更新日期：2019-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicardipine is a dihydropyridine-type Ca(2+) channel blocker (CCB) with strong antihypertensive activity and with a peculiar cerebrovascular profile. This paper has reviewed the main controlled clinical studies on nicardipine in pathologies associated with cerebrovascular impairment. Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is ...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2009.02.335
更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Nerve conduction is often regarded as more sensitive than ultrasonography (US) for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The diagnostic value of US derives from median nerve enlargement occurring at both ends of the carpal tunnel resulting in a dumbbell-like swelling from carpal tunnel pressure. An impo...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2014.01.018
更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral gliomas may cause a reduction of glucose metabolism in the cerebellum contralateral to the tumor side (crossed cerebellar diaschisis, CCD). We investigated whether CCD is related to tumor localization, histological grade, size and tumor biochemistry. Cerebellar glucose metabolism was measured in 44 glioma pat...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(98)00019-7
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Shapiro syndrome is a rare entity, comprising a triad of recurrent hypothermia, hyperhidrosis and congenital agenesis of the corpus callosum. Fewer than 50 cases have been described, almost invariably in patients presenting in childhood or early adulthood. We present a case of an 80 year old woman presenting with recu...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2013.03.014
更新日期：2013-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA amplification of three Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific DNA sequences by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were evaluated as a means for rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The DNA sequences amplified were a 123 bp region of the IS6110 insertion elements which occur in multiple copies in the myco...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(94)90220-8
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As life expectancy increases worldwide, pandemics of cognitive impairment and dementia are emerging as major public health problems. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), prodromal for dementia, is a descriptive term used for those clinical states showing early and subtle cognitive decline among the elderly, preceding the ...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2004.11.012
更新日期：2005-03-15 00:00:00
