Abstract:
:Eight subjects were studied in a randomized crossover design to determine the effect of aluminum-magnesium hydroxide (AMH), calcium carbonate (CC), and aluminum hydroxide-magnesium trisilicate (AHMT) on the bioavailability of a single, 600-mg dose of phenytoin administered orally. Each subject received phenytoin alone on two separate occasions and phenytoin plus each of the three antacids on three other occasions. Each antacid was administered as 160 mEq at 1 and 3 hr after each meal and at bedtime on the day phenytoin was given. The mean area under the curve (AUC) was significantly decreased by AMH (p less than 0.005) and CC (p less than 0.05). AHMT had a similar trend but did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.1). Large inter- and intrasubject variability in AUC was observed when phenytoin was administered alone. In two subjects, cumulative urinary 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin at 72 hr (HPPH72) was determined. The amount of HPPH recovered had similar trends as the AUC with antacid treatments but not the same magnitude. In this study, antacids altered not only the extent of absorption but also appeared to alter the rate of absorption. Antacids administered in a peptic ulcer regimen may decrease the AUC of a single dose of phenytoin. Patients should be cautioned against concomitant use of antacids and phenytoin.
journal_name
Ther Drug Monitjournal_title
Therapeutic drug monitoringauthors
Carter BL,Garnett WR,Pellock JM,Stratton MA,Howell JRdoi
10.1097/00007691-198104000-00003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-01-01 00:00:00pages
333-40issue
4eissn
0163-4356issn
1536-3694journal_volume
3pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::A sensitive method for monitoring serum piroxicam (Feldene) is described. The assay requires 1.0 ml of specimen and involves chloroform extraction from an acidified mixture followed by concentration and injection into a liquid chromatograph. Column effluent is monitored at 330 nm. Retention times of piroxicam and the ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198306000-00017
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monitoring of serum voriconazole concentrations has been proposed to optimize therapeutic effect and minimize toxicity. However, little is known about the clinical use of voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) by treating physicians. Four hundred seventy-eight episodes corresponding with 161 adult patients (me...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181ea3de6
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tacrolimus (TAC) has a narrow therapeutic index and high interindividual and intraindividual pharmacokinetic variability, necessitating therapeutic drug monitoring to individualize dosage. Recent evidence suggests that intragraft TAC concentrations may better predict transplant outcomes. This study aimed to ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e31828e8162
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evaluation of a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the monitoring of cyclosporine (CSA) that utilizes a monoclonal antibody specific for the parent compound is described. The assay exhibited good analytical recovery (greater than 95%), precision (coefficient of variation less than 10%), and linearity in plasma and whole b...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198804000-00013
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Palivizumab is a humanized, monoclonal antibody used to protect at-risk infants against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. The regular dosage scheme causes a low initial trough level and accumulation of the antibody after subsequent injections. Using a simple pharmacokinetic model, the authors devised an alt...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200206000-00020
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objective of the present study was to perform an external evaluation of published linezolid population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic models, in order to evaluate the predictive performance using an independent dataset. Another aim was to offer an elegant environment for display and simulation of bo...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000816
更新日期:2020-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of valproic acid in tears has been developed using gas chromatography/electron capture negative chemical ionization/mass spectrometry. Valproic acid was converted directly into its pentafluorobenzyl ester derivative without the need to perform any extraction from the b...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200012000-00011
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An isocratic, high-performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for simultaneous determination of the oral antidiabetic tolbutamide and two of its metabolites, 4-hydroxytolbutamide and carboxytolbutamide, in human plasma and urine. The method was based on simple one-step liquid-liquid extraction with te...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199912000-00015
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors refer to their experience with alternative matrices to supervise the methadone therapy of heroin abusers. For this purpose, hair, sweat, and urine samples were collected from 10 heroin addicts and from a control group and were submitted to gas chromatographic/mass spectroscopic analysis for methadone and i...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e31811f1bbe
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous reports have suggested that polymorphism of the opioid receptor A118G affects the efficacy of opioid analgesia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether such polymorphism contributed to variability in epidural mixture (sufentanil plus ropivacaine) requirements through patient-controlled epid...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000112
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of storage time and temperature on the stability of FK 506 in patient blood samples and quality control samples was assessed with the Abbott IMx microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Blood FK 506 concentrations measured at days 0, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 14 were stable at room (22 degrees C), refrigerator (4 degrees C)...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199506000-00009
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were to determine the relationship between saliva and plasma methadone concentrations and the influence of variability in saliva pH. Saliva and plasma samples were taken before the daily dose of methadone in 60 patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Saliva pH was measured imm...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.ftd.0000164392.01779.db
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling is a blood collection tool that uses a finger prick to obtain a blood drop on a DBS card. It can be used for therapeutic drug monitoring, a method that uses blood drug concentrations to optimize individual treatment. DBS sampling is believed to be a simpler way of blood collec...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000659
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The placental and milk transfer of chloroquine was studied in seven subjects and six subjects, respectively. Seven pregnant women at term were administered chloroquine phosphate (5 mg/kg) i.m. The maternal blood and arterial and venous umbilical cord blood were obtained during delivery. The maternal chloroquine blood ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198802000-00004
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction between valproic acid (VPA) and phenytoin (DPH) was examined during therapeutic monitoring in an epileptic outpatient population. Gas-liquid chromatographic methods were used to measure DPH and VPA concentrations. (1) In 12 patients on stable DPH regimens, the mean DPH level declined from 19.7 to 15.3 ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-197901020-00005
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical use of digoxin and phenytoin analyses (in 405 and 152 patients, respectively) furnished by our clinical pharmacological laboratory during a five-month period was evaluated prospectively from request forms. Of first-time analyses of digoxin, 12, 38, and 50% fell above, within, and below our recommended ran...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198103000-00006
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simplified pharmacokinetic methods have been used to estimate caffeine clearance in subjects with liver disease. There is a need to have a reliable, easy to implement method for research and possible clinical use. This study evaluates the use of Bayesian pharmacokinetic forecasting techniques to estimate caffeine clea...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199802000-00015
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in combination with cyclosporine (CsA) or Tacrolimus (TAC) has been show to be a potent immunosuppressive agent. The authors assessed the mycophenolic acid (MPA) plasma levels achieved in clinical practice and evaluated the effect of concomitant administration of CsA and TAC . One hundred f...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200102000-00007
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sirolimus (rapamycin, RAPA) is a natural fermentation product (macrolide antibiotic) that has demonstrated potent immunosuppressive activity. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method is described for analysis of the drug in whole blood. The samples are purified by using liquid-liquid extra...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199702000-00022
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theophylline clearance was estimated by a single-sample technique in 19 subjects with acute clinical respiratory infections. Mean (+/- SD) theophylline clearance during acute illness was 0.044 +/- 0.011 L X h-1 X kg-1 compared to 0.043 +/- 0.012 L X h-1 X kg-1 1 month later. In a subset of five subjects, single-sample...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198709000-00005
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of plasma exchange on the concentrations of total and unbound phenytoin (DPH) was determined in one normal subject and four patients undergoing therapeutic plasma exchange (PE). The average percentage of plasma exchanged ranged from 57 to 70% among the five patients studied. The reduction in DPH concentrati...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198606000-00008
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the high prevalence of the use of medications in daily practice and the large number of people taking antirheumatic agents, the risk of drug-drug interactions and of hepatotoxicity is of concern. Both old and new compounds show such a risk. Nonsteroidal antinflammatory drugs are widely used drugs with potential ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e31826a6306
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors report a case that offers insight into the diagnostic challenges of "Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy." Initial presentation with history of fever and later with intractable vomiting led to invasive and expensive diagnostic evaluation before confirming the diagnosis. Certain toxic effects of emetine were clini...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199904000-00021
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model for predicting unbound concentrations of mycophenolic acid (MPA) was developed in 84 subjects and then tested in an independent group of 19 hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. Total and unbound MPA concentrations and total mycophenolic glucuronide concentrations were measured between weeks 1 and 4 posttr...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e318074d979
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 genotype and cigarette smoking on the steady-state plasma concentrations (C(ss)) of fluvoxamine (FLV) and its demethylated metabolite fluvoxamino acid (FLA) were studied in 49 Japanese depressed patients receiving FLV 200 mg/d. The C(ss) of FLV and FLA were measured by HPLC...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200308000-00008
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently no pharmacogenomics-based criteria exist to guide clinicians in identifying individuals who are at risk of hearing loss from cisplatin-based chemotherapy. This review summarizes findings from pharmacogenomic studies that report genetic polymorphisms associated with cisplatin-induced hearing loss and aims to ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000298
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The once-daily formulation of tacrolimus has been reported to exhibit the same efficacy and safety profile as compared with the immediate-release form administered twice daily. However, as a result of differences in their pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, the PK models or Bayesian estimators (MAP-BE) previously ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181cc70db
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since therapeutic drug monitoring is rapidly becoming a widely used tool in clinical medicine, we prospectively assessed 390 serum drug assays over a 4-week period to determine the appropriateness of serum sample collection. The results of appropriately collected samples were used to evaluate the ability of the physic...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198309000-00002
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the efficacy, development of adverse effects, and possible correlation between the plasma concentration of carbamazepine (CBZ) and its major metabolite, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZ-E), in a group of epileptic patients in whom selective increases in CBZ doses were made. Eighteen patients with refracto...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This investigation was designed to compare three assay techniques, the traditional bioassay (agar diffusion), and two more recent techniques, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), for the determination of vancomycin concentrations in serum. One hundred clinical...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198406000-00019
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00