Abstract:
:We have studied changes in the birthweight of Asian babies born alive at this hospital between 1968 and 1978. In 1978 Pakistani babies were 139 g heavier but Indian babies only 25 g heavier than 10 years earlier. Contributing to these changes were significantly fewer short mothers and primiparae among Pakistanis, and non-significant increases in gestational age and intrauterine growth (that is, weight centile after allowing for gestational age, parity, and maternal height). Among Indians there were significant increases in maternal height and gestational age, but parity was reduced and intrauterine growth did not increase. In both groups there were fewer teenage mothers, but whereas among Pakinstanis birth intervals of less than one year were less common, there was no such reduction among Indian mothers. The secular change suggests that genetic factors are unlikely to be the major reason why Pakistani babies born in Birmingham are lighter than European babies, and that environmental factors play an important role. Efforts to increase birthweight need to consider both the mothers' physical environment during pregnancy and prepregnancy factors influencing growth in childhood, age at first pregnancy, and birth interval. The study shows a need to describe an 'Asian' population with details of their sub-ethnic structure. The sub-ethnic and secular differences further suggest that a single 'Asian' standard for birthweight and intrauterine growth may be inappropriate; the use of international reference data with which all infants may be compared is preferable.
journal_name
Arch Dis Childjournal_title
Archives of disease in childhoodauthors
Clarson CL,Barker MJ,Marshall T,Wharton BAdoi
10.1136/adc.57.11.867subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-11-01 00:00:00pages
867-71issue
11eissn
0003-9888issn
1468-2044journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The passage of hard stools is significantly more common in formula fed infants than breast fed infants and this might be the result of differences in fat absorption between breast and formula fed infants. Experimental studies indicate that long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) might influence fat ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/adc.81.3.253
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To describe the clinical and health economic impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in children under 2 years of age. METHODS:Hospitalised children less than 2 years of age with a respiratory illness were studied over three consecutive RSV seasons (1996-99). RESULTS:The rates (per 1000 infants under...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.88.12.1065
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To determine whether emergency hospital admission rates (EAR) for common paediatric conditions in Greater London are associated with measures of child well-being and deprivation. DESIGN:Retrospective analysis of hospital episode statistics and secondary analysis of the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) 2007 and ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2009.180125
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The characteristics of nine children with community acquired pneumonia with evidence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae coinfection are described. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.83.5.413
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three neonates with rectal perforations probably caused by the use of the rectal thermometer, are reported. The dangers of this condition and the difficulty of diagnosis even at laporatomy are emphasised. It is suggested that since the axillary temperature in the neonate is an adequate reflection of the core temperatu...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.53.10.824
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty two babies who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia were compared with 22 babies matched for gestational age who did not. Those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia weighed less at birth and had lower energy intakes from day 7 to day 56. Undernutrition before and after birth is a major problem in babies who develop ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.66.1_spec_no.37
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism and excretion of paracetamol was studied in an infant of 29 weeks' gestation who was exposed to the drug when his mother ingested 32.5 g 16 hours before delivery. We have confirmed that sulphation is the major pathway and that the mixed function oxidase system is sufficiently active at this gestational ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.58.8.631
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many children who present with these acquired impairments of communication have a clear preceding event such as an acquired brain injury from a road traffic accident. Children often respond differently in this situation to adult presentations. They may have a period of mutism when the prognosis might look poor and yet...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2014-306153
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To test the hypothesis that overall intelligence quotient (IQ) is decreased in patients with Aarskog syndrome. METHODS:21 boys under 17 years of age with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of Aarskog syndrome were assessed using the Griffiths mental development scales and the British ability scales. RESULTS:IQ ranged...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.79.4.359
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A subnormal cortisol response (30 min level (C30min)<550 nmol/L) to synthetic adrenocorticotrophic hormone/Synacthen test (SDST) in all infants does not necessarily indicate underlying or persistent hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis pathology. METHODS:We retrospectively evaluated the diagnoses and outcome...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2017-313819
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The foot length, occipito-frontal head circumference (OFC), crown-rump, and crown-heel length (CHL) of 123 neonates of gestational ages 26-42 weeks, were measured between 12 hours and 5 days. A gauge, designed and constructed at St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, was used to measure foot length. In term babies (37-42 wee...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.54.3.226
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A child showing signs of Henoch-Schönlein purpura developed a right tibiofibular vascular thrombosis. Antiphospholipid antibody tests were positive for both lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies. This suggests that an antiphospholipid syndrome should be considered in cases of Henoch-Schönlein purpura and ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/adc.86.2.132
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fetal heart beat, detected by ultrasound, was recorded for five minutes from 934 antenatal women--266 at 30 to 35 weeks' gestation and 718 at 36 to 41 weeks. Episodes of bradycardia < 100/minute ranging from 5-30 seconds' duration occurred in 3 (1.1%) of the former and in 9 (1.3%) of the latter group. Tachycardia ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.55.7.506
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the Birmingham Maternity Hospital the mean cost of caring for surviving infants who require neonatal intensive care ranges from approximately pounds 2500 (for infants above 1500 g birthweight), to pounds 5500 (for infants 1000 to 1499 g birthweight), to pounds 10 000 (for infants less than 1000 g birthweight). The ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.59.11.1064
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) values were measured by radioimmunoassay in 40 children with congenital hypothyroidism who were being given levothyroxine (0.05-0.35 mg/day) and in 14 normal controls. In 15 of the children with hypothyroidism ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.59.1.30
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this review, we survey some significant advances in the medical care of babies <1000 g and we highlight the development of care pathways that ensure optimal antenatal care, which is a prerequisite for good neonatal outcomes. We also suggest that the long overdue development of family integrated care will in the end...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2015-309583
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of gastric emptying in the preterm infant has been hampered by the absence of a suitable, valid technique. We have evaluated gastric antral clearance using serial ultrasonic measurement of the antral cross sectional area (ACSA). The study was easy to perform, providing successful results in 15 of 17 low birt...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.69.1_spec_no.32
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To study how respiratory symptoms reported by children, with or without spirometry, could help to discriminate those with asthma from those without. METHODS:Respiratory symptoms (frequent cough, frequent phlegm, and wheezing) reported by 1646 schoolchildren (aged 8-12 years) in a respiratory questionnaire and the...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2003.033688
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate gastric emptying in girls with Turner's syndrome to detect if gastrointestinal motor dysfunction was present. SUBJECTS:Thirteen girls (mean age 8.1 years) with Turner's syndrome, seven girls with familial short stature (6.1 years), and eight control girls (7.6 years). METHODS:Gastric emptying studies ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.75.5.440
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcutaneous Doppler ultrasound measurements were made of the superior mesenteric artery of 22 preterm infants (mean birth weight 600-2580 g) to investigate the response of intestinal blood flow to feeding. Analysis of the data in relation to milk intake showed a significant change in peak velocity and mean velocity...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.64.4_spec_no.476
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine if there had been changes in the size of the UK paediatric workforce and working patterns between 1999 and 2013. DESIGN:Analysis of prospectively collected datasets. SETTING:UK consultant paediatricians. INTERVENTIONS:Data from the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health's workforce cen...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2016-312055
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucocorticoid suppressible hyperaldosteronism (GSH) is an uncommon form of dominantly inherited hypertension. Presentation with hypertension and complications such as stroke in early life are well recognised. The use of a simple genetic test carried out on blood or placenta facilitates the detection of infants and ch...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.71.1.40
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-one children who had been diagnosed as having laryngomalacia by direct laryngoscopy in infancy were reviewed 7 to 12 years later. The natural history of the disease is documented. A wide variation in the time of onset and duration of the stridor was found and there was a high incidence of feeding difficulties. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.52.3.215
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:METHODS:A total of 43 children with neurological signs and symptoms were enrolled in the study. All children were suspected of having meningitis, and lumbar punctures were performed. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and HHV-7 DNA was detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by nest...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.83.2.170
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gross T cell lymphocytosis developed in an otherwise healthy 5 year old girl and has persisted for nearly 3 years. It is associated with neutropenia and seems to be typical of a rare adult disorder that may be a type of T cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.58.8.635
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty Asian immigrant mothers who would have expected to breast feed their infants had they remained in rural Asia were studied. There was a striking reduction in the incidence and duration of breast feeding on arrival in the United Kingdom, and a fall in the age of weaning. The availability of an alternative to human...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.51.8.608
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of modified polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) profiles of complementary food on long-chain (LC) PUFA composition in healthy infants. DESIGN:Double blinded, randomised, controlled intervention trial. SETTING:Dortmund, Germany. PATIENTS:Free-living sample of healthy term infants. METHODS...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/adc.2008.146027
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate the differences in perception of quality of life between parents of chronically ill children and paediatricians at diagnosis and follow up. Quality of life was assessed using the (HUI3). METHODS:Longitudinal study (July 1999-January 2002) of 37 paediatricians and 181 parents of patients (children a...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2004.051722
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To document gastroenteritis hospitalisations of the 1995-96 cohort of infants born in Western Australia to mid-2002, and to assess factors associated with their hospitalisations and readmissions. METHODS:Retrospective analysis of the State's hospitalisation data, Midwives' Notification of Births data, the Austral...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2003.037531
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two girls (a 5 year old and a 21 month old) experiencing mononucleosis syndrome with coincidental human herpesvirus (HHV)-7 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections are described. One patient had primary HHV-7 infection and reactivated EBV infection. The other had primary HHV-7 and EBV infections. These cases indicated...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.78.5.479
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00