Abstract：
:A biomechanical model of the ankle joint was developed and was used to predict the forces at the ankle during the stance phase of running. Measurements from five cadavers were averaged to obtain insertion points and directions of pull of equivalent tendons with respect to the assumed center of the ankle joint. A minimum joint force solution was obtained by assuming that only two equivalent muscle groups could exert force at one time. Three subjects ran at 4.47 m/s across a force platform that recorded the external forces and moments acting on the foot. Cinematography was used to measure the foot and leg positions during stance. Peak resultant joint forces ranging from 9.0 to 13.3 times body weight and peak Achilles tendon forces ranging from 5.3 to 10.0 times body weight were predicted. Small variations in some cases resulted in large differences in predicted forces. The highest tendon forces predicted exceeded those reported to cause damage to cadaver tendons in other studies.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Burdett RGdoi
10.1249/00005768-198204000-00010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-01-01 00:00:00pages
308-16issue
4eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:It is unclear how muscle strength in tibial rotation and knee abduction change following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction. Such strength changes are likely, considering the oblique orientation of the ACL and the constraint provided by the ACL at various tibial rotation and adduction po...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200201000-00002
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine whether long-term fish oil (FO) supplementation is associated with a lower risk of mobility disability and enhances benefits of physical activity (PA). METHODS:A total of 1635 sedentary adults age 70 to 89 yr from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders single-blinde...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002195
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Studies have shown that absolute intensity of physical activity is associated with reduced risk of preeclampsia. This analysis was performed to examine whether relative intensity may also be related to preeclampsia risk. METHODS:Using data from a case-control study conducted from 1998 to 2002, the authors asse...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000175862.41620.41
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Unilateral strength training strengthens not only the muscles on the trained side but also the homologous muscles on the untrained side; however, the magnitude of this interlimb cross-education is modest. We tested the hypothesis that heightened sensory feedback by mirror viewing the exercising hand would augme...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000871
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve 9- to 12-year-old children (6 boys, 6 girls) performed four exercise-in-heat (35 degrees C, 45% RH) trials which differed in the composition of the fluids they drank. In each trial, subjects cycled for one 20-min and two 15-min bouts at 50% peak VO2 with 10-min rest periods in between. In a fourth bout, they cy...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:High-intensity interval training (HIIT) represents a potent stimulus to the dynamic oxygen uptake (V˙O2) response in adults, but whether the same is evident in youth is unknown. HIIT has also been suggested to place a lower demand on the respiratory system, decreasing the likelihood of exacerbation in those wit...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002270
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Exercise appears to offer protection against weight gain, perhaps related to its effects on fat metabolism. Previous work in rats has shown that interventions resulting in a negative energy balance lead to alterations in the trafficking of dietary fat. This study was undertaken to determine whether exercise aft...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200211000-00011
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Text books attribute the side pain "stitch" during exercise to changes in blood flow to the viscera, but the little available research favors stretching of visceral ligaments. We therefore induced and modified stitch experimentally to investigate its cause and possible treatments. METHODS:Ten active healthy yo...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/00005768-199908000-00014
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Physical activity guidelines recommend at least 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), 75 min of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), or combination of MPA and VPA. However, few epidemiological studies have examined whether the general population can derive equal health benefits from MPA ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001463
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:According to the force-velocity relationship of human skeletal muscle, the maximal load one can lift is limited by the concentric movement phase, and the eccentric phase is always underloaded. In the present study, we hypothesized that acute exercise training using an eccentric overload compared with standard l...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/00005768-200107000-00020
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE:Decreased lumbo-pelvic (or core) stability has been suggested to contribute to the etiology of lower extremity injuries, particularly in females. This prospective study compares core stability measures between genders and between athletes who reported an injury during their season versus those who ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000128145.75199.c3
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To provide evidence that lower-extremity muscle activity during running is tuned in response to the loading rate of the impact forces at heel-strike. METHODS:Six runners ran two 30-min trials per week for 4 wk. The trials tested two shoes which differed only in the material hardness of the midsole. The shoes w...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200209000-00021
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Heart transplant recipients (HTx) have a high prevalence of hypertension. Although exercise training promotes blood pressure (BP) reduction in HTx, the effects of a single exercise bout are unknown. Thus, we analyzed the acute effects of heated water-based exercise (HEx) versus land-based exercise (LEx) on ambu...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000846
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The two goals of this study were: 1) to establish a stimulation pattern which would drive the gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle of the dog, in situ, to maximal work rate, W, and 2) to determine whether the surgical isolation of the circulation of this muscle, necessary to measure the muscle flow, Q, reduced the muscle's ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/00005768-198810001-00003
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A previous study has shown that subjects who entrain breathing during cycling exhibit a lower oxygen consumption (VO2) compared with random breathing. We sought to investigate the hypothesis that entrainment of breathing during rowing improved biomechanical economy (reduced VO2) compared with spontaneous breathing. A ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Stress fracture (SF) injuries in new recruits have long been attributed to low bone mineral density (BMD). Low areal BMD assessed using two-dimensional dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry imaging, however, reflects structural density and is affected by smaller measures of bone geometry. Recent studies support a...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181893cb7
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Despite the growing research interest in vascular adaptations to exercise training over the last few decades, it remains unclear whether microvascular function in healthy subjects can be further improved by regular training. Herein, we sought to systematically review the literature and determine whether microva...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000567
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To study the effect of genetic factors, birth weight, early childhood growth, sport, hours of training, and pubertal status on the stature and body mass index (BMI) of children aged 9-13 participating in sports at a competitive level. METHODS:A total of 184 children (96 girls, 88 boys), competing in swimming, ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200010000-00006
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although onset and maximal claudication pain are attained sooner as exercise intensity is increased, it is unclear whether dissipation of pain during recovery is altered. Thus, this study examined whether walking at gradually higher intensity would prolong the time needed for claudication pain to dissipate during reco...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Data from the general population suggest that habitual exercise decreases bronchial responsiveness, but the possible role of exercise in asthmatics is undefined. The leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast decreases bronchial responsiveness and exercise-induced symptoms in asthmatic children. This randomize...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31815d9670
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study investigated the changes in running mechanics and spring-mass behavior over a 24-h treadmill run (24TR). METHODS:Kinematics, kinetics, and spring-mass characteristics of the running step were assessed in 10 experienced ultralong-distance runners before, every 2 h, and after a 24TR using an instrumen...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181fec518
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the isometric and isokinetic peak torque (PT) (speed of movement 0, 60, and 180 degrees.s-1) and the peak torque acceleration energy (PTAE) and average power (AP) of multiple contractions (180 degrees.s-1) of the quadriceps and hamstrings in 38 patients ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The objective of this study was to quantify age-related changes in accelerometer-derived day-level physical activity and sedentary behavior pattern metrics (i.e., number, length, and temporal dispersion of bouts and breaks) across 3 yr of middle childhood. Differences by child sex and weekend versus weekday wer...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002247
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:For most people, the benefits of physical activity far outweigh the risks. Research has suggested that exercise preparticipation questionnaires might refer an unwarranted number of adults for medical evaluation before exercise initiation, creating a potential barrier to adoption. The new American College of Spo...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001331
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine serum creatine kinase (CK) activity after resistance exercise bouts with different rest intervals between sets and exercises in high responding (HR) and normal responding (NR) subjects. METHODS:During each resistance exercise bout, three sets with 10-repetition maximum (10RM) loads were completed fo...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181ca7e16
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the course of 2 yr, we prospectively studied the effect on resting metabolic rate (RMR) of multiple cycles of weight loss followed by regain in six weight cycling collegiate wrestlers (WC) (mean age = 19.0 yr) compared with 12 weight stable, physically active, nonwrestling controls (C) (mean age = 20.9 yr), whose...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regression analysis is often used to demonstrate associations among variables believed to be biologically related. Failure to demonstrate a "significant" relationship may be due to two factors: 1) the variables are truly unrelated, or 2) a relationship exists but goes undetected due to inadequate statistical power. In...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:It has been well established in mammals that circadian behavior as well as the molecular clockwork can be synchronized to the light-dark cycle via the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus (SCN). In addition to light, it has been demonstrated that nonphotic time cues, such as restricting the time of food ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e318255cf4c
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six adult females with normal menstrual cycles (28-31 d in length) volunteered to exercise on a bicycle ergometer on five different days of their menstrual cycles (days 2, 8, 14, 20, and 26; day 1 = onset of menstruation). Each day the subjects exercised at a maximum work load (184.4 W) and at four submaximal exercise...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T1 mapping techniques enable the quantification of focal and diffuse myocardial LGE, respectively. Studies have shown evidence of fibrosis in middle-age athletes, but not relative to physically active (PA) adults who perform recommended...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002411
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
