Abstract:
:The susceptibility to 14 antimicrobial agents and the mechanisms of aminopenicillin resistance were studied in 197 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae--109 isolated in 2007 (study group) and 88 isolated in 1997 (control group). Community antibiotic consumption trends were also examined. H. influenzae strains were consecutively isolated from the same geographic area, mostly from respiratory specimens from children and adults. Overall, amoxicillin resistance decreased by 8.4% (from 38.6 to 30.2%). Beta-lactamase production decreased by 15.6% (from 33 to 17.4%, P = 0.01), but amoxicillin resistance without beta-lactamase production increased by 7.1% (from 5.7 to 12.8%). All beta-lactamase-positive isolates were TEM-1, but five different promoter regions were identified, with Pdel being the most prevalent in both years, and Prpt being associated with the highest amoxicillin resistance. A new promoter consisting of a double repeat of 54 bp was detected. Community consumption of most antibiotics decreased, as did the geometric means of their MICs, but amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and azithromycin consumption increased by ca. 60%. For amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, a 14.2% increase in the population with an MIC of 2 to 4 microg/ml (P = 0.02) was observed; for azithromycin, a 21.2% increase in the population with an MIC of 2 to 8 microg/ml (P = 0.0005) was observed. In both periods, the most common gBLNAR (i.e., H. influenzae isolates with mutations in the ftsI gene as previously defined) patterns were IIc and IIb. Community consumption of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole decreased by 54%, while resistance decreased from 50 to 34.9% (P = 0.04). Antibiotic resistance in H. influenzae decreased in Spain from 1997 to 2007, but surveillance should be maintained since new forms of resistances may be developing.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
García-Cobos S,Campos J,Cercenado E,Román F,Lázaro E,Pérez-Vázquez M,de Abajo F,Oteo Jdoi
10.1128/AAC.01674-07subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-08-01 00:00:00pages
2760-6issue
8eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596pii
AAC.01674-07journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The effectiveness of Staphylococcus aureus strain 8325-4 as a recipient for the transduction of methicillin resistance requires the presence of a penicillinase plasmid but was found to be independent of the lysogenic state of the recipient. Effectiveness is conferred by the plasmid in either the autonomous or integrat...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.18.3.424
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two large studies compared posaconazole and fluconazole or itraconazole for prophylaxis in subjects undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or subjects with acute myelogenous leukemia. To assess the impact of prophylaxis on colonization and the development of resistance in Saccharomyces yeasts, i...
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abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hypovolemia on the distribution of imipenem in muscle extracellular fluid determined by microdialysis in awake rats. Microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein and hind leg muscle. Imipenem recoveries in muscle and blood were determined in each ra...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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abstract::Mycobacteria grew rapidly in FST medium (tissue culture medium F12 supplemented with 5% serum and 0.05% Tween 80). Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other niacin-negative mycobacteria in flat-bottomed, 96-well tissue culture plates was estimable by the naked eye within 3 to 5 days when mycobacteria were inocula...
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abstract::Drug exposure or pharmacodynamic breakpoints refer to a magnitude of drug exposure which separates a population into groups with high and low probabilities of attaining a desired outcome. We used a pharmacodynamic model of disseminated candidiasis to define an in vivo drug exposure breakpoint for flucytosine (5FC) aga...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/AAC.00369-06
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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abstract::We investigated the in vivo effects of rufloxacin and ciprofloxacin on T-cell subsets and tumor necrosis factor production in mice infected with Bacteroides fragilis. These quinolones did not alter the helper/suppressor ratio but did modulate the kinetics of tumor necrosis factor production in infected animals. This r...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.8.1711
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerance of cefotaxime in 35 adults (25 with pleuropulmonary infections, 7 with genitourinary tract infections, and 3 with soft tissue infections). Of these 35 patients, 18 (51.4%) were seriously or critically ill. In vitro susceptibility testing revealed that 90.4% of the patho...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.21.3.421
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro interactions of ciprofloxacin with imipenem and amikacin were evaluated by the killing-curve technique against 26 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant to amikacin and resistant or moderately susceptible to ciprofloxacin and imipenem. Imipenem enhanced killing by ciprofloxacin in tests with 11 strains, whe...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/aac.31.6.959
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Cpx stress response is widespread among Enterobacteriaceae We previously reported a mutation in cpxA in a multidrug-resistant strain of Klebsiella aerogenes isolated from a patient treated with imipenem. This mutation yields a single-amino-acid substitution (Y144N) located in the periplasmic sensor domain of CpxA....
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/AAC.00291-20
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abstract::In concert with the development of novel beta-lactams and broad-spectrum cephalosporins, bacterially encoded beta-lactamases have evolved to accommodate the new agents. This study was designed to identify, at the sequence level, the genes responsible for the extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes of Escher...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00883-08
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lipopeptidic antibiotic daptomycin is reported to reduce experimental tobramycin nephrotoxicity (D. Beauchamp, M. Pellerin, P. Gourde, M. Pettigrew and M. G. Bergeron, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 34:139-147, 1990; C. A. Wood, H. C. Finkbeiner, S. J. Kohlhepp, P. W. Kohnen, and D. C. Gilbert, Antimicrob. Agents C...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.38.4.742
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An axenic amastigote culture system was utilized to directly assess the stage-specific antileishmanial effects of antimony on amastigotes of Leishmania donovani devoid of the macrophage host cell. Pentostam, which contains antimony in the form of sodium stibogluconate and the preservative chlorocresol, was used. Cell ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.5.1064
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of azlocillin were studied in 10 cystic fibrosis patients, ranging in age from 11 to 28 years. The patients received a 9- to 23-day course of 350 mg of azlocillin per kg in four or six divided daily doses in combination with am aminoglycoside. Blood and urine samples were collected at specified ti...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.25.5.630
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the pharmacodynamic activities of fluconazole and amphotericin B given alone and in combination against Candida albicans by using an in vitro model of bloodstream infection that simulates human serum pharmacokinetic parameters for these antifungals. Fluconazole was administered as a bolus into the model t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/AAC.42.6.1382
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abstract::Doxycycline is reported to impair second-generation parasite schizogony. The effects of doxycycline alone and combined with dihydroartemisinin were investigated in a murine malaria model. Doxycycline lowered the rate of parasite growth within 2 days, with maximum effect in 6 days. Addition of dihydroartemisinin led to...
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doi:10.1128/AAC.00529-07
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abstract::Of five parenteral cephalosporins tested against 43 lactobacilli, cephaloridine, cefazolin, and cefamandole were the most active inhibitory and bactericidal agents. Timed-kill analysis revealed a slow bactericidal effect, with significant declines in mean minimal bactericidal concentration values at 48 h versus 24 h. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/aac.16.1.112
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.05000-14
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to examine the effects of resistance mechanisms on several resistance phenotypes among carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with borderline carbapenem MICs. We compared carbapenemase-negative K. pneumoniae with carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CPKP) isolates with similar MICs. CPKP isolat...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/AAC.00533-15
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of Escherichia coli were exposed to nalidixic acid in an in vitro model in which the conditions of drug-organism interaction resembled those of bacterial cystitis treatment. Results obtained in this way suggested that emergence of bacterial resistance should not be a major problem in treatment of uncomplicate...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.12.6.678
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a randomized controlled trial of orally administered amifloxacin versus trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) as treatments of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women. Amifloxacin at a dosage of 200 mg twice a day appeared as safe and effective as TMP-SMX, but amifloxacin at 400 mg twice a d...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.34.4.665
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Halothane (2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) inhibited herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication, although HSV-1 DNA was synthesized at normal levels in Vero cells. Viral capsids and extracellular virions were inhibited, and HSV-1 protein synthesis decreased by 50%, although no specific HSV-1 protein faile...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.29.5.941
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abstract::Polymyxin B nonapeptide, derived by cleavage of the fatty acyl diaminobutyric acid from polymyxin B, is considerably less toxic, lacks bactericidal activity, and retains its ability to render gram-negative bacteria susceptible to several antibiotics by permeabilizing their outer membranes. The peptide rendered all 53 ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.38.2.374
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activity of the new antiviral compound selenazofurin was compared with the known active compounds ribavirin and amantadine against influenza A and B viruses. In experiments with Madin Darby canine kidney cells, selenazofurin inhibited the cytopathic effect and yield of influenza A/NWS/33 virus, with 50% effective dose...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.28.3.375
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::HMR 3647 (telithromycin), a new ketolide, is active on intracellular pathogens. It was previously demonstrated that it inhibits superoxide anion production in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, at concentrations which inhibit 50% of the control response of about 55 microg/ml (5 min) to 30 microg/ml (30 min); ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.5.1364-1374.2002
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::CL 188,624, CL 190,294, and CL 191,121 are novel aminomethyl tetrahydrofuranyl (THF)-1 beta-methylcarbapenems. The in vitro antibacterial activities of these THF carbapenems were evaluated and compared with those of biapenem, imipenem, and meropenem against 554 recent clinical isolates obtained from geographically dis...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.3.454
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00