Abstract:
:Nicotinic acid is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin that has been shown, in high doses, to lower total plasma cholesterol (C), LDL-C, and VLDL-triglycerides (Tg), while raising HDL-C in patients with type II, III, IV, and V hyperlipoproteinemia. Its exact mechanism of action is not known, but it appears to lower the production of VLDL in the liver while activating lipoprotein lipase. The drug may also influence the metabolism of HDL-C. The drug is a second or third choice for isolated hypercholesterolemia because of a high incidence of side effects. However, it has a therapeutic advantage as a monotherapy when reduction of both LDL-C and triglycerides are needed in patients with severe combined hyperlipidemia. The drug can be used in combination with other cholesterol-lowering agents to maximize lipid-lowering activity. Nicotinic acid has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular morbidity in clinical trials.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Drood JM,Zimetbaum PJ,Frishman WHdoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb03750.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-07-01 00:00:00pages
641-50issue
7eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::This experiment represents the first time that it has been possible to measure a body fluid compartment by direct means during spaceflight. Based on the results observed in the five crewmen in this study, it is concluded that TBW decreases by 3.4% after 1 to 3 days of exposure to microgravity in the Space Shuttle. Som...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb03663.x
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1989, the second-year medical school pharmacology course at New York Medical College was revised to help improve student and faculty morale, improve scores on class exams and the U.S. Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), and encourage more active student participation in the course. Rather than incorporating new ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::Trecovirsen, a 25-mer antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide targeted at the gag site of the HIV gene, was administered to HIV-positive volunteers as an i.v. infusion. Single doses ranged from 0.1 to 2.5 mg/kg in an ascending escalation in cohorts of 6 to 12 subjects. Plasma trecovirsen concentrations and pharmaco...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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abstract::Two phase I open-label studies were conducted to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and tolerability of single oral doses of selumetinib in subjects with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis and subjects with varying degrees of hepatic impairment; both studies included a matched control g...
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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abstract::A randomized, double-blind, within-patient, crossover study was carried out after bilateral "identical" surgical procedures using local anesthesia only. A 3-day tablet regime of racemic ketoprofen 75 mg or acetaminophen 1000 mg qid (x 4) was given starting 3 hours after surgery. Ketoprofen reduced objectively measured...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Ustekinumab, a human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody that binds with high affinity to human interleukin-12 and interleukin-23, has demonstrated efficacy in patients with psoriasis. The objective of this study was to perform exposure-response modeling to increase the understanding of reduction in di...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::With increasing interest in enrolling adolescent patients in adult trials, a question often arises: when can pediatric patients use adult dosages? For currently approved therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with equivalent adult and pediatric indications, body weight thresholds for pediatric patients to receive ad...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Esmolol hydrochloride was administered by constant-rate continuous infusion to 10 patients undergoing hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass for coronary artery revascularization surgery. After a suitable loading dose, the esmolol infusion was started approximately 30 minutes before bypass and was stopped 10 minutes after...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABT-761 is a second-generation 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor in clinical development for the treatment of asthma. The effects of ABT-761 on the pharmacokinetics of an oral contraceptive were assessed in 21 female adult volunteers in a phase I, multiple-dose, open-label study. Subjects received a single dose of oral contrac...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caffeine has been used frequently in the treatment and prevention of apnea of prematurity. The metabolism of caffeine depends on the activities of the hepatic enzymes that vary from one infant to another. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of postnatal age (PNA), birth weight (BW), study weight...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation is very common in the United States. After a search of Medline, EMBASE, and CINAHL, 4 trials evaluating inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system were identified for prevention of new-onset atrial fibrillation, facilitation of electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation, and prevention of atri...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed to establish the duration of action of antihistamines and their ability to attenuate the adverse affects associated with histamine release. Thirty volunteers were assigned randomly to receive either placebo or a combination of the H1 blocker dimetindene maleate (0...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::Suvorexant is an orexin receptor antagonist for treating insomnia. The maximum approved dose in the United States and Japan is 20 mg. We evaluated suvorexant effects on respiration during sleep in a randomized, double-blind, 3-period crossover study of healthy adult men (n = 8) and women (n = 4) ≤ 50 years old who rec...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::Twenty-three normal volunteers who received morphine sulphate (MS Contin) with naltrexone completed this randomized, analytically blinded, two-way crossover comparison of the bioavailability of one 200-mg oral controlled-release morphine sulfate tablet with two 100-mg MSC tablets. Morphine effects were blocked by thre...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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abstract::The pharmacokinetics of a meloxicam suspension were studied in 18 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Children received a single 0.25-mg/kg dose up to a maximum of 15 mg. Pharmacokinetic parameters after the first dose were calculated by noncompartmental methods. Geometric mean (percent coefficient of variati...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnesium sulfate is the anticonvulsant of choice for eclampsia prophylaxis and treatment; however, the recommended dosing regimens are costly and cumbersome and can be administered only by skilled health professionals. The objectives of this study were to develop a robust exposure-response model for the relationship ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transporters play an important role in drug absorption, disposition, and drug action. The evaluation of drug transporters requires a comprehensive understanding of transporter biology and pharmacology. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models may offer an integrative platform to quantitatively evaluate the ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::As documented in national surveys, for the past several years, marijuana has been the most commonly abused drug in the United States, with approximately 6% of the population 12 years and older having used the drug in the month prior to interview. The use of marijuana is not without significant health hazards. Marijuan...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::Understanding how inhibition of cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) affects the metabolism of a new drug is critical in determining if a clinically relevant drug interaction will occur. Diltiazem interaction studies assess a given compound's sensitivity to moderate CYP3A inhibition. The present study compared the effect differe...
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abstract::An equation is derived to estimate mean steady state serum concentration (Css) from trough steady state serum concentration (Cmin) which can be used for drugs with either linear or nonlinear pharmacokinetic properties. In 15 subjects receiving phenytoin monotherapy, estimated Css did not differ significantly from meas...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb03612.x
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study evaluated whether a liquid suspension of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) is effective and safe when dose adjusted based on varying degrees of renal impairment in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Patients had stable mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease. Twenty-eight patients were e...
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abstract::The effect of bilastine on cardiac repolarization was studied in 30 healthy participants during a multiple-dose, triple-dummy, crossover, thorough QT study that included 5 arms: placebo, active control (400 mg moxifloxacin), bilastine at therapeutic and supratherapeutic doses (20 mg and 100 mg once daily, respectively...
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