Abstract:
:Captivity represents an extreme situation for primates, especially for those with large home ranges, and its effect on their behavior might be considerable. The Wedge-capped Capuchin Monkey Cebus olivaceus is the most common primate in Venezuelan zoos. To estimate the effect of confinement on C. olivaceus behavior, we analyzed the social behavior of three groups that differed in captivity conditions, in zoological exhibits in Caracas (Caricuao, Parque del Este, El Pinar). Caricuao's group moved freely over a non-fenced area of 15 ha, Parque del Este's and El Pinar's groups lived in relatively small outdoor enclosures. Social behaviors were described using focal-animal sampling, group scans and ad libitum sampling. The frequency, duration and time devoted to each behavior (per focal period per individual) were estimated. Relative dominance between pairs of individuals was established as well as affiliative associations. The repertory of social behaviors was similar between groups and to which has been observed in nature, but the duration and frequency of affiliative and agonistic interactions differed between groups. Affiliative behaviors were less frequent but longer in Caricuao than in the other two groups, while agonistic behaviors were more frequent in El Pinar and Parque del Este. Differences between groups are explained by variation in captivity conditions. We suggest that confinement generates social tension and favors agonism, while affiliative encounters help reduce this tension. On the other hand, differences in agonism between captive and natural groups may result form prolonged association, restrictions to keep optimal spacing or leave the group. All groups had some social structure (e.g., dominance ranks, association and repulsion between individuals) but the social dynamic was partly disrupted. Dominance ranks were not clear throughout the group, the top male was not dominant over the top female, dominant individuals did not interact affiliatively more than other individuals, and females did not affiliate frequently with other females. All of these observations are contrary to which has been observed in nature. As a whole, C. olivaceus tolerates captivity well because its behavioral repertoire is similar to that in natural conditions, and abnormal or undesirable behaviors (e.g., self-mutilation, stereotyped actions), were not observed. Nonetheless, there is an effect of captivity, reflected in a disruption of the social dynamic.
journal_name
Rev Biol Tropjournal_title
Revista de biologia tropicalauthors
López MC,Zaida Tsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-09-01 00:00:00pages
1503-20issue
3eissn
0034-7744issn
2215-2075journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The semi-arid Caatinga is the fourth largest biome of Brazil, which biota still remains one of the most poorly known, especially with regard to invertebrate groups. In this study, a ground-foraging ant assemblage was surveyed during one year and the effect of rainfall on pitfall trapping was assessed. The study was pe...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v59i4.3426
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Basic aspects of the reproductive biology are largely unknown for most tropical tree species, although they are important elements to understand the impacts of anthropogenic activities as logging and forest fragmentation on these populations. In this study, data are presented on leaf and reproductive phenology, fruit ...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v57i3.5491
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::155 specimens of mussels (Modiolus capax) were gathered during March 1993 in a subtidal bed, located in northern Ocotal, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. For each individual in the random sample, shell length, breadth and height were measured and total weight, shell weight empty and meat weight were controlled. Analysis of dat...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the use of new scientific techniques has effectively improved aquaculture production processes. Astaxanthin has various properties in aquaculture and its antioxidant benefits have been closely related to stress resistance; besides, it is an essential factor for growth in many crustaceans and fish. The...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v62i4.13057
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genus Desmodium is represented in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, by 13 species, all with lomen- taceous fruits. Shape, size and isthmus margin of loments vary, while the surface is glabrous, or covered by trichomes of different types. Morphological diversity of trichomes becomes particularly relevant to taxonomic d...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v62i4.13012
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 260 Costa Rican patients (106 males) with clinical diagnosis of Bronchial Asthma and 100 non atopic subjects were studied with skin prick tests for all Poaceae tribes. Allergic Type I Hypersensitivity to these pollens among the Bronchial Asthma patients reached 51.2% positivity to at least one tribe (2% in ...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We registered seedling survival and biomass increase for Rhizophora mangle L., Avicennia germinans L. and Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. f, main mangrove species in the Rancheria River delta, Colombia. Only seedlings of R. mangle were found to survive. We also measured maximum rate of litterfall. We estimated annu...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simplification of natural habitats leads to a modification of the community associated with a host plant. Pequi trees (Caryocar brasiliense) are common to find in central Brazil, especially in the middle of monocultures, such as soy, corn, pasturelands or Eucalyptus plantations. On this scenario we hypothesized that h...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v60i3.1758
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Egg clutches of the centrolenid Hyalinobatrachium pulveratum were sampled in four lowland locations of Costa Rica. The ontogenesis of the tadpoles of this species is documented by periodical descriptions of the larval stages. Larvae of H. pulveratum change their shape during development because of the non-equal growth...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v52i1.14912
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirteen representatives of Myxariaceae sensu Jülich: Heterochaetella brachyspora (Bourdot & Galzin) Luck-Allen, Myxarium atratum (Peck) Ginns & Lefebvre, M. granulum Hauersl., M. laccatum (Bourdot & Galzin) Reid, M. mesomorphum (Bourdot & Galzin) Haursl., M. mesonucleatum Kisim., Oberw. & L.D. Gómez nov. sp., M. subs...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lotic systems, in particular temporal streams, represent an important proportion of continental waters, but are poorly studied. This is particularly clear in central Mexico, where temporal streams are abundant and remain poor studied despite their great potential for high diversity and the important energy within thes...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nutrients and chlorophylls concentrations, as well as salinity, temperature and Secchi disk depth were determined from November 1999 to April 2000, at three stations and two depths, at Gandoca lagoon, Gandoca-Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge, Limón, Costa Rica. Salinity profiles indicated that the lagoon was a salt...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper is the first taxonomic account of the hydroid orders Anthoathecatae and Leptothecatae from the Caribbean and Pacific coast of Costa Rica. All specimens are currently stored at the reference collection of the Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica. Sixteen hydroid species are recor...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus is of some commercial importance on the Southern coast of Margarita Island (Venezuela), where artisan women fishers process and sell the roe. The reproduction cycle of this species had not been fully studied. We collected these sea urchins in two stations from November 1997 through...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endangered species Strombus gigas is a marine gastropod of significant economic importance through the Greater Caribbean region. In contrast to phenotypic plasticity, the role of genetics on shell variations in S. gigas has not been addressed so far, despite its importance in evolution, management and conservation...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v64i4.21468
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The information on ecological behavior of wild sloths is very scarce. In this study we determined the home ranges and resources used by three adult female three-toed sloths (Bradypus variegatus) and their four young in an agricultural matrix of cacao (Theobroma cacao), pasture, riparian forests and living fencerows in...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of the prothallia in nine species of Callipteris Bory (Woodsiaceae), four species of Diplazium, the genus from which Callipteris has been segregated, and one species of Dryoathyrium are studied in this paper. The data obtained are compared with the development of the prothallia of several other genera ...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The composition of demersal fish along the western coast of the State of Baja California Sur, Mexico, including the limit of the northern distribution of the ichthyofauna of the eastern tropical Pacific, is presented. The survey was carried out on four oceanographic cruises between autumn 2004 and March 2006. Of 220 s...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diet ofa neotropical fish species (Creagrutus bolivari) was studied using different methods: the Cortés 1997 graphic method and two relative importance indexes, one designed by George and Hadley in 1979 (% RIi) and another proposed by Cortés in 1997 (% IRIi). Only discrete prey (aquatic and terrestrial invertebrat...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We observed the mating behavior of the neck-banded snake Scaphiodontophis annulatus (a common species of colubrid in the South Pacific of Costa Rica) in the pre-montane wet forest of Las Cruces Biological Station (San Vito de Java, Costa Rica). Three S. annulatus were observed during courtship between 10-12 AM in a pa...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v54i2.13940
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ecologists have been largely interested in the description and understanding of the power scaling relationships between body size and abundance of organisms. Many studies have focused on estimating the exponents of these functions across taxonomic groups and spatial scales, to draw inferences about the processes under...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v64i1.18334
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actually, the germplasm of Jatropha spp. is conserved as whole plants in field collections. Under this storage method, the genetic resources are exposed to disease, pest and natural hazards such as human error, drought and weather damage. Besides, field genebanks are costly to maintain and with important requirements ...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v60i1.2782
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifteen species of Nereididae (Annelida: Polychaeta) belonging to nine genera are reported from the subtidal and intertidal of the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. A new species, Nereis costaricaensis, is described. Laeonereis brunnea Hartmann-Schröder 1959 is removed from synonomy with L. culveri (Webster 1880) while Per...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Megalopta Smith, 1853, is a Neotropical genus of nocturnal or crepuscular bees. Two subgenera are recognized with most of its nearly 30 species placed in the nominate subgenus. Species of Megalopta s. str. are more commonly collected than species of Noctoraptor Engel et al. 1997, all presumably parasites of Megalopta ...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.15517/rbt.v58i1.5207
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anti-inflammatory properties of Loasa speciosa and Loasa triphylla (Loasaceae), Urtica leptuphylla and Urera baccifera (Urticaceae), and Chaptalia nutans (Asteracene) were studied using the carregeenan induced rat paw edema model. Aqueous extracts of each plant were made according to the ethnobotanical use. The hi...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Onychophora have undergone a new wave of taxonomic revisions in the last three years. After a recent revision, only two species of Macroperipatus are registered from Brazil: Macroperipatus ohausi and Macroperipatus geayi. The former was only the second species of Onychophora to be described from Brazil, and is herein ...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limnocytherina is a genus conformed by 12 species; its distribution in the American continent is known to be exclusively on the North (neartics), but little is reported about its distribution from Mexico (transition zone) and Central America (Neotropics). Different sampling campaigns were undertaken in three crater la...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paulownia tomentosa is a fast-growing tree species with a considerable economic potential because of its value for wood as well as its high biomass production, and elevated stress tolerance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the development of adventitious buds in leaves obtained from four-week-old sh...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An avirulent T. gondii strain isolated from a owl (Glaucidium brasilianum) produces randomly distributed cysts in the brain of mice which can survive to inocula as high as 1000 oocysts. Cysts appeared for the first time after 15 days of infection. Regarding to humoral immunity development due to our TCR-2 strain, dete...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some dinoflagellates with benthic habits are related to ciguatera intoxication by fish consumption, especially in tropical areas. In the Mexican Caribbean, ciguatera is relatively common, but only one paper seems to have been published on the subject, and there are very few publicactions on phytoplankton and benthic m...
journal_title:Revista de biologia tropical
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00