Abstract:
BACKGROUND:According to the Helmholtz theory of accommodation the loss of accommodation amplitude is caused by the growing sclerosis of the crystalline lens, whereas the ciliary muscle and the lens capsule are mainly uneffected by age. A permanent treatment method for presbyopia which offers a dynamic accommodation ability is a recent field of study. The concept followed in this paper uses femtosecond laser pulses to potentially overcome the loss of deformation ability of the crystalline lens by creating gliding planes inside the lens tissue to improve its flexibility. METHODS:The aim of the study is to show that the flexibility of human donor lenses can be increased by applying tightly focused near infrared femtosecond laser pulses into the lens tissue. Thereby the tissue is separated by the photodisruption effect. A certain pattern of gliding planes is cut inside the tissue of 41 human donor lenses and the deformation ability of the lenses are compared using the Fisher spinning test before and after laser treatment. RESULTS:The laser treatment results in an increased deformation ability of the crystalline lens. The lens a-p thickness increases on average by 97 microm+/-14 microm after the treatment. The Fisher spinning test shows an increase of 16% in deformation ability of the lens at a rotational speed of 1620 rpm. CONCLUSION:The creation of gliding planes with a fs laser inside the crystalline lens tissue can change the deformation ability of the lens. This might be an indication for a possible method to treat presbyopia in future.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Schumacher S,Oberheide U,Fromm M,Ripken T,Ertmer W,Gerten G,Wegener A,Lubatschowski Hdoi
10.1016/j.visres.2009.04.028subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-01 00:00:00pages
1853-9issue
14eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
S0042-6989(09)00202-8journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract::We compared a human observer's ability to locate the focus of expansion (FOE) of a radial optic flow field when this flow field was either combined with, or overlapped by, planar motion. With combined stimuli, in which the FOE was displaced in the direction opposite to the planar motion, subjects accurately located th...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90141-i
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between perceived visual direction and retinal location has been considered to be specified at birth and unmodifiable. We found that small changes occurred in the visual direction associated with a peripheral retinal location when the amplitudes of saccadic eye movements to a target imaged at that loca...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90161-7
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With progressively brighter stimuli, the amplitude of the photopic b-wave first increases, briefly saturates and then decreases gradually to reach a plateau, where the amplitude of the b-wave equals that of the a-wave; a phenomenon previously presented as the photopic hill. The unique presentation of this luminance-re...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00118-4
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is commonly believed that objects viewed in certain contexts may be more or less salient. Measurements of salience have usually relied on asking observers "How much does this object stand out against the background?". In this study, we measured the salience of objects by assessing the distraction they produce for s...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2005.01.013
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::How the visual brain integrates temporally dispersed information is an open question. Often, it is assumed that the visual system simply sums light over a certain period of time (e.g. Bloch's law). However, in feature fusion, information presented later dominates, suggesting complex temporal dynamics that cannot be de...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.05.004
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a series of psychophysical experiments, observers compared the apparent contrast of a dichoptic stimulus (contrast edges of orthogonal orientations in the two eyes) and a monocular stimulus ( a pie pattern in one eye and a blank field in the other eye). When the contrast of the dichoptic stimulus was low (2-3%) the...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(95)00009-o
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of rod light and dark adaptation upon cone mediated spatial acuity was studied in the near parafoveal retina of normal human observers. The luminance just necessary to detect squarewave test gratings of variable frequency provided an index of spatial acuity. Such thresholds were determined in the presenc...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We devised an experimental strategy for assessing the cortical cross-talk between ocular subsystems. For this purpose we measured the interocular transfer of adaptation (IOTA) at different levels in the human brain, using orientation-selective fMRI adaptation. We tested 10 normally sighted and 10 stereoblind or stereo...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.04.009
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six observers were asked to indicate in which of two opposite directions, to the right or to the left, an entire display appeared to move, based on the proportion of right vs leftward motion elements, each of which was distinctly visible. The performance of each observer was described by Thurstone's discriminative pro...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.07.004
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lateral interactions between spatial filters were explored with a lateral masking paradigm. Contrast sensitivity (two-alternative forced-choice) for a Gabor signal in the presence of two flanking high contrast Gabor signals (masks) was measured. When the target to mask distance was less than 2 target wavelengths the c...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)90258-5
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photic responsiveness of cells in the medial bank of the lateral suprasylvian cortex (Clare-Bishop area) was studied using a three-dimensional visual stimulator that reproduced two visual cues (motion disparity and change in size) for perception of three-dimensional motion of a visual stimulus. About one third of them...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(85)90066-5
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence obtained using the dynamic grouping method has shown that the grouping of an object's connected surfaces has properties characteristic of a nonlinear dynamical system. When a surface's luminance changes, one of its boundaries is perceived moving across the surface. The direction of this dynamic grouping (DG) ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2015.06.006
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have found that individuals from small hometowns show diminished face recognition ability as compared with individuals from larger hometowns. We further this line of research by relating six measures of face recognition ability to hometown density. We predicted that the three face recognition ability m...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2019.08.006
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Binocular disparity is a powerful cue for the perception of depth. The accuracy with which observers can judge depth from disparity can, however, be very poor. This has been attributed to difficulties associated with the scaling of disparity to take account of distance (Johnston, 1991). We test potential strategies th...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2010.03.024
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the level of intraocular light scatter in a group of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) who had minimal or no lens opacities, since such patients not infrequently complain of photoaversion. Intraocular light scatter was measured in 20 patients with RP who were < 60 years of age and who had no more th...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(96)00068-5
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments investigated modulatory effects of a surround upon the perceived speed of a moving central region. Both the surround's depth and velocity (relative to the center) were manipulated. The abilities of younger observers (mean age was 23.1 years) were evaluated in Experiment 1, while Experiment 2 was devote...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.10.009
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tilt aftereffect (TAE) was measured with a forced-choice technique for gratings of different spatial frequencies, contrasts and adapting and test durations. At short test durations, a 2 c/deg grating gave a larger TAE than a 10 c/deg, while at long test durations the opposite occurred. Low contrast gratings tended...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90179-x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The selectivities of neurons in primary visual cortex are often considered to be adapted to the statistics of natural images. Accordingly, simple cell-like tuning emerges when unsupervised learning models that seek sparse representations of input probabilities are trained on natural scenes. However, orientation tuning...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.07.023
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to assess the contribution of high spatial frequency channels (i.e. local, edge-dependent mechanisms) to the grating induction effect, grating induction magnitude was measured as a function of systematic amounts of blurring of the inducing/test field boundary for four test field heights which spanned a two oc...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90130-o
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The critical durations for temporal integration at threshold were obtained for lights of various wavelengths, presented both against darkness and against achromatic or chromatic backgrounds of different luminances. The critical duration (tc) was defined by a point of intersection of the two lines with the slopes of ze...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90031-9
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that spatial context influences the perceptual interpretation of ambiguous figures such as the Necker cube; however, the properties that mediate the influences of an unambiguous spatial context have yet to be investigated. Here we consider the effect of the motion and position of an unambig...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2016.02.005
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate transporters in the tiger salamander retina were studied by autoradiographic and intracellular recording techniques. When the retina was incubated with 15 microM L-[3H]glutamate, photoreceptors and Muller cells were labeled, indicating that these cells had high-affinity glutamate uptake transporters. A much ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00231-3
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photoreception in echinoderms has been studied for several years with a focus on the dermal photoreceptors of echinoids. Even though spatial vision has been proposed for this dermal photosystem, by far the most advanced system is found in a number of asteroids where an unpaired tube foot at the tip of each arm carries...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2016.05.007
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contour integration, increased difficulty in detection and shape discrimination of a chain of parallel elements (a ladder contour) compared to collinear elements (a snake contour) suggests more extensive processing of ladders than of snakes. In addition, conceptual similarities between ladders and textures - which ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2015.03.002
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the nonlinear mechanism underlying brightness enhancement, in which a flickering stimulus appears brighter than a steady stimulus of equal mean luminance. The flickering and matching stimuli were temporally alternated. Both were cosine windowed to minimize the potential eff...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(95)00226-x
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual working memory is a system used to hold information actively in mind for a limited time. The number of items and the precision with which we can store information has limits that define its capacity. How much control do we have over the precision with which we store information when faced with these severe capa...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.09.002
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exogenous spatial attention can be automatically engaged by a cue presented in the visual periphery. To investigate the effects of exogenous attention, previous studies have generally used highly salient cues that reliably trigger attention. However, the cueing threshold of exogenous attention has been unexamined. We ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.04.019
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sustained fixation of a bright coloured stimulus will, on extinction of the stimulus and continued steady fixation, induce an afterimage whose colour is complementary to that of the initial stimulus; an effect thought to be caused by fatigue of cones and/or of cone-opponent processes to different colours. However, to ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00145-7
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of high-level models of visual object categorization have left unresolved issues of neurobiological relevance, including how features are extracted from the image and the role played by memory capacity in categorization performance. We compared the ability of a comprehensive set of models to match the categori...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00279-7
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reduced global motion sensitivity, relative to global static form sensitivity, has been found in children with many neurodevelopmental disorders, leading to the "dorsal stream vulnerability" hypothesis (Braddick et al., 2003). Individual differences in typically developing children's global motion thresholds have been...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2016.09.013
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00