Abstract:
:Herbivores and pathogens with acute host specificity may promote high tree diversity in tropical forests by causing distance- and density-dependent mortality of seedlings, but evidence is scarce. Although Lepidoptera larvae are the most abundant and host-specific guild of herbivores in these forests, their impact upon seedling distributions remains largely unknown. A firm test of the mechanism underpinning the Janzen-Connell hypothesis is difficult, even for a single tree species, because it requires more than just manipulating seeds and seedlings and recording their fates. Experimental tests require: (1) an insect herbivore that is identified and highly specialised, (2) linkage to an in situ measure (or prevention) of herbivory, and (3) evaluation and confirmation among many conspecific adult trees across years. Here we present experimental evidence for a spatially explicit interaction between newly germinating seedlings of a Neotropical emergent tree, big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla, Meliaceae), and caterpillars of a noctuid moth (Steniscadia poliophaea). In the understory of a southeastern Amazon forest, the proportion of attacks, leaf area lost, and seedling mortality due to this specialised herbivore peaked near Swietenia trees, but declined significantly with increasing distance from mature fruiting trees, as predicted by the Janzen-Connell hypothesis. We conclude that long-distance dispersal events (>50 m) provided an early survival advantage for Swietenia seedlings, and propose that the role of larval Lepidoptera as Janzen-Connell vectors may be underappreciated in tropical forests.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Norghauer JM,Grogan J,Malcolm JR,Felfili JMdoi
10.1007/s00442-009-1476-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-02-01 00:00:00pages
405-12issue
2eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939journal_volume
162pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::The ecological and evolutionary processes that interact to shape community structure are poorly studied in the largest environment on earth, the deep sea. Phylogenetic data and morphological traits of octocorals were coupled with environmental factors to test hypotheses of community assembly in the deep (250-2500 m) G...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3765-4
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small changes in environmental conditions can unexpectedly tip an ecosystem from one community type to another, and these often irreversible shifts have been observed in semi-arid grasslands, freshwater lakes and ponds, coral reefs, and kelp forests. A commonly accepted explanation is that these ecosystems contain mul...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1350-9
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural history collections are now being championed as key to broad ecological studies, especially those involving human impacts in the Anthropocene. However, collections are going through a crisis that threatens their present and future value, going beyond underfunding/understaffing to a more damaging practice: curr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04620-0
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Geographic variation in species interactions can have major effects on species distributions and can be important for the resistance of resident communities to invasive species. We tested the hypothesis that coexistence or replacement of a resident North American mosquito Aedes aegypti with the invasive Aedes albopict...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1624-2
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::While parasites are increasingly recognized as important components of ecosystems, we currently know little about how they alter ecosystem nutrient availability via host-mediated nutrient cycling. We examined whether infection alters the flow of nutrients through hosts and whether such effects depend upon host diet qu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3412-5
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Canopy structure and tree species diversity, shaped by succession, disturbance, and community composition, are linked to numerous ecosystem functions, including net primary production (NPP). Understanding of how ecosystem structural metrics are interrelated and mechanistically link to NPP, however, is incomplete. We c...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-018-4236-x
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, ecologists have been more interested in organisms feeding at the tops of food chains than in organisms feeding at or near the bottom. The problem of taxonomic and trophic inconsistency within and among described food webs is central to criticisms of contemporary food web research. To study the effects of...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050310
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work suggests that soil nutrient heterogeneity may modulate plant responses to drivers of global change, but interactions between N heterogeneity and changes in rainfall regime remain poorly understood. We used a model grassland system to investigate the interactive effects of N application pattern (homogeneous...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3289-3
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the role of diversity in ecosystem processes and species interactions is a central goal of ecology. For plant-herbivore interactions, it has been hypothesized that when plant species diversity is reduced, loss of plant biomass to herbivores increases. Although long-standing, this hypothesis has received ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3629-y
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an environment fluctuating in a predicatable manner with wide among-year variation in offspring mortality, fitness is largely influenced by the timing of reproductive investment. In vole-eating nocturnal Tengmalm's owls (Aegolius funereus), within-cycle variation in 1st-year survival of owlets is 3-fold as estimate...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00323151
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteolytic activity in the gut contents of two cichlids and six cyprinids from an artificial basin in Sri Lanka was measured using a simple film strip method. This comparative study contributes to our general knowledge of digestion in herbivorous fish: 1) Specific proteolytic activity (per ml of gut content) is lower...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346492
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The seasonal and long-term population dynamics of helminths parasitizing voles suggested that density-dependent factors might be important in the population dynamics of common species, whereas density-independent factors predominate in the regulation of the rare species. To test this, we used single and multiple regre...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317553
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Well watered plants of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp cv. California Blackeye No. 5 had maximum photosynthetic rates of 16 μmol m-2 s-1 (at ambient CO2 concentration and environmental parameters optimal for high CO2 uptake). Leaf conductance declined with increasing water vapour concentration difference between leaf and ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378820
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal feeding soil invertebrates feed on a wide spectrum of fungal species suggesting that mixed diets increase fitness. We investigated relationships between food preferences for seven saprophytic fungal species/forms and fitness parameters (mortality, growth, time to reproduction, reproduction, egg size) in two Col...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1513-7
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caterpillars of Maculinea arion are obligate predators of the brood of Myrmica sabuleti ants. In the aboratory, caterpillars eat the largest available ant larvae, although eggs, small larvae and prepupae are also palatable. This is an efficient way to predate. It ensures that newly-adopted caterpillars consume the fin...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317247
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the parasitoid communities associated with grass-feeding herbivores in Germany and Britain to examine geographical consistency in community composition and to test ecological characteristics of the plants and host insects that may explain variability in parasitoid community structure. The parasitoid commun...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420100733
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maintenance of separated diploid and polyploid populations within a contact zone is possible due to both prezygotic and postzygotic isolation mechanisms. Niche differentiation between two cytotypes may be an important prezygotic isolating mechanism and can be studied using reciprocal transplant experiments. We inv...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1156-1
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large number of time series of abundances of insects and birds from a variety of data sets were submitted to a new density dependence test. The results varied enormously between data sets, but the relation between the frequency of statistically significant density dependence (SSDD) and the length of the series was s...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317444
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Release from natural enemies is often cited as a key factor for understanding the success of invasive plant species in novel environments. However, with time invasive species will accumulate native enemies in their invaded range, with factors such as spread distance from the site of introduction, climate and leaf-leve...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-017-4008-z
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of pollen source and resource availability on ovule abortion in the annual legumeCassia fasciculata. Pollen source was controlled by hand-pollinating flowers with cross- or self-pollen. Resource availability to developing fruits was controlled by adjusting fruit loads (heavy versus light) on ea...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00566965
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The theory that early successional plants and annual plants will be less well defended against generalist herbivores than later successional plants and perennial plants, because they avoid herbivores by escaping in space and time, is evaluated. The theory is not supported in the ecosystem examined. The correlation bet...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00348094
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of simulated goose grazing on Phleum pratense plants were tested in an Iceland hayfield during the spring goose staging period (19 April-11 May 1997). Plants in an area exclosed from the influence of grazing and the nutrient effects of goose faeces were subject to the removal of the youngest lamina once, t...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050574
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate plays a fundamental role in limiting the range of a species, is a key factor in the dynamics of large herbivores, and is thought to be involved in declines of moose populations in recent decades. We examined effects of climate and growing-season phenology on recruitment (8-9 months old) of young Shiras moose (...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3296-4
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used Y-plant, a computer-based model of crown architecture, to examine the implications of leaf reorientation resulting from petiole bending in Psychotria limonensis (Rubiaceae) seedlings. During this reorientation process, bending of the petioles of lower leaves that are potentially self-shaded by the upper leaves...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1158-3
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two methods of extraction were used in the estimation of snail population densities in woodland litter. The time-consuming-Vágvölgyi technique proved to be 6.25 times more efficient than infra-red heat extraction but it was shown that the results obtained by the latter method could be easily corrected to conform with ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377177
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::11 fruit fly species captured at 47 sites in a natural forest area at Cooloola (south-east Queensland) revealed specific patterns of spatial abundance. Although all species were collected throughout the study area, D. bryoniae, D. mayi, D. neohumeralis and D. tryoni were more prevalent (average number caught per trap)...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00376882
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid and often remote location of suitable habitats used by migrating organisms is often critical to their subsequent recruitment, fitness and survival, and this includes in the marine environment. However, for the non-feeding post-larval stage of spiny lobsters, effective settlement cues for habitat selection ar...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3251-4
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biodiverse environments provide a variety of resources that can be exploited by consumers. While many studies revealed a positive correlation between biodiversity and consumer biomass and richness, only few studies have investigated how resource diversity affects single consumers. To better understand whether a single...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3070-z
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the abundance of studies on competitive interactions, relatively few experiments have been used to fit explicit competition models and estimate competition coefficients. Such estimates are valuable for making contact between theoretical and empirical studies, which tend to measure competition in different unit...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050894
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding how habitat selection changes with population density is a key concept in population regulation, community composition and managing impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. At low density, it is expected that individuals select habitats in terms of their preference, but as population density incre...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2686-8
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00