Abstract:
:Despite the abundance of studies on competitive interactions, relatively few experiments have been used to fit explicit competition models and estimate competition coefficients. Such estimates are valuable for making contact between theoretical and empirical studies, which tend to measure competition in different units. To quantify the strength of competitive interactions among the larvae of three species of frugivorous flies, I manipulated the densities of each species to investigate all three pairwise interactions. The densities of each species were changed independently (i.e., using a response surface experimental design), which allowed maximum likelihood estimation of the competition coefficients for each species, based on the Hassell and Comins competition model. The effects of competitor density on larval survival, time to emergence, and the weight of emerging adults were also analyzed to investigate the responses of individual species to density. The estimates of the competition coefficients suggest that the larvae of these flies experience strong asymmetric competition for resources, and raise questions as to how these species coexist. For each pair, one of the species was largely unaffected by interspecific competition, but decreased the performance of the other.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Inouye BDdoi
10.1007/s004420050894subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-09-01 00:00:00pages
588-594issue
4eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/s004420050894journal_volume
120pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::The foraging behavior of Mesocyclops edax in artificial patches of high and low prey density was examined. In low density patches Mesocyclops swam in an irregular curvilinear path with little or no looping behavior. In high density patches Mesocyclops exhibited extensive horizontal and vertical looping behavior. Horiz...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344972
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new technique based upon the dilution of C 14 /C 12 ratios in structural carbon of root systems during the course of the growing season was used to evaluate belowground turnover or productivity of two cool desert communities in northern Utah, USA. This technique provides a measure of turnover of the root system of e...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346275
更新日期:1974-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant isoprene emissions are known to contribute to abiotic stress tolerance, especially during episodes of high temperature and drought, and during cellular oxidative stress. Recent studies have shown that genetic transformations to add or remove isoprene emissions cause a cascade of cellular modifications that inclu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04813-7
更新日期:2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::European data from 15 long-term censuses of breeding land bird communities were analysed in order to measure community stability. Stability was here operationally defined as year-to-year persistence of community structure (total density, number of species, diversity, evenness of the species-abundance distribution, spe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00347824
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the differences in fine-root traits among different species is essential to gain a detailed understanding of resource conservation and acquisition strategies of plants. We aimed to explore whether certain root traits are consistent among subsets of species and characterize species together into meaningfu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-019-04546-2
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large number of time series of abundances of insects and birds from a variety of data sets were submitted to a new density dependence test. The results varied enormously between data sets, but the relation between the frequency of statistically significant density dependence (SSDD) and the length of the series was s...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317444
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ant metapleural glands secrete surface antibiotics that affect pollen as well as bacteria and fungi. This may be one reason why ant pollination is rare. It is predicted that pollination by ants is possible only in the presence of certain ant and/or plant traits. Two traits are investigated; first, absence of the metap...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328160
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the inventory of ant heaps of the group Formica rufa, performed in the years 1972-73 in the Wielkopolski National Park near Poznań, it was found that the vegetal cover composition, determining to a large extent phytosociologic associations, is likely not so important to ants as the dominant stand. First of all,...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00368854
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant species composition is changing across many landscapes, but it is unclear how these changes affect habitat quality for animals. We used functional diversity and community-weighted mean (CWM) trait values for four plant traits (litter N, P, lignin and soluble phenolics) to explore how changes in plant species com...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2856-8
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::For organisms that exhibit complex life cycles, resource conditions experienced by individuals before metamorphosis can strongly affect phenotypes later in life. Such resource-induced effects are known to arise from variation in resource quantity, yet little is known regarding effects stemming from variation in resour...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3387-2
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Canopy CO2 concentrations in a tropical rainforest in French Guiana were measured continuously for 5 days during the 1994 dry season and the 1995 wet season. Carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]) throughout the canopy (0.02-38 m) showed a distinct daily pattern, were well-stratified and decreased with increasing heigh...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050140
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::When heterospecific seabirds are part of a nesting colony, there may be less opportunity for conspecifics to come in direct contact with each other, resulting in lower intraspecific aggressiveness. To determine if individuals spend less time in aggressive behavior when nesting in conspecific rather than heterospecific...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050218
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physiological responses to elevated CO2 at the leaf and canopy-level were studied in an intact pine (Pinus taeda) forest ecosystem exposed to elevated CO2 using a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) technique. Normalized canopy water-use of trees exposed to elevated CO2 over an 8-day exposure period was similar to that of ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328578
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The conversion of forest into farmland has resulted in mosaic landscapes in many parts of the tropics. From a conservation perspective, it is important to know whether tropical farmlands can buffer species loss caused by deforestation and how different functional groups of birds respond to land-use intensification. To...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2422-9
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In abandoned or extensively managed grasslands, the mechanisms involved in pioneer tree species success are not fully explained. Resource competition among plants and microclimate modifications have been emphasised as possible mechanisms to explain variation of survivorship and growth. In this study, we evaluated a nu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0379-2
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osmoderma eremita is a species of beetle that inhabits hollows in ancient trees, which is a habitat that has decreased significantly during the last century. In southeastern Sweden, we studied the metapopulation dynamics of this beetle over a 25 year period, using capture-mark-recapture. The metapopulation size had be...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04794-7
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pollination services are compromised by habitat destruction, land-use intensification, pesticides, and introduced species. How pollination services respond to such stressors depends on the capacity of pollinator assemblages to function in the face of environmental disruption. Here, we quantify how pollination services...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-017-4009-y
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::On a shallow sand flat at Princess Royal Harbour near Albany, Western Australia, the brown macrophyte Hormosira banksii attaches to shells of infaunal bivalves. Hormosira occupies shells of Katelysia rhytiphora in preference to K. scalarina. We proposed and tested four hypotheses to explain this host occupation patter...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377510
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Life history theory predicts that migratory fishes should delay reproduction, be larger at first reproduction, and have higher fecundities than nonmigrants. We tested this hypothesis by comparing life histories of anadromous ("estuary") and resident freshwater ("upstream") threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeat...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00329764
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To estimate the optimality of brood size, it is essential to study the effects of brood size manipulation on offspring survival and reproductive success. Moreover, testing the generality of the hypothesis of reproductive costs requires experimental data from a diversity of organisms. Here I present data on the growth,...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050531
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory predicts persistence of long-term family relationships in vertebrates will occur until perceived fitness costs exceed benefits to either parents or offspring. We examined whether increased breeding probability and survival were associated with prolonged parent-offspring and sibling-sibling relationships in a lo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3595-4
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urbanization is a major challenge for biodiversity conservation, yet the evolutionary processes taking place in urbanized areas remain poorly known. Human activities in cities set new selective forces in motion which need to be investigated to predict the evolutionary responses of animal species living in urban areas....
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2663-2
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Floral visitors vary in their pollination efficiency and their preferences for floral traits. If low-efficiency pollinators decrease the amount of pollen available to higher efficiency visitors, then low-efficiency visitors may actually have negative fitness consequences for the plants that they visit. We used experim...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1677-1
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies published over the last years suggest that the ability of many species to cope with global change will be closely related to the current amount of plasticity for fitness-related traits. Thus, disentangling general patterns in phenotypic flexibility, which could be then included in models aimed to predi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2682-z
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dormancy is a common way in which organisms survive environmental conditions that would be lethal to the active individual. However, while dormant, individuals forego reproduction. Hence theory suggests an optimal time in which to enter dormancy, depending on risks associated with both remaining active and entering do...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1657-5
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasticity of plant traits is commonly quantified by comparing different phenotypes at the same age. In this paper, we present a method in which the effect of resource conditions on plant weight is used as a basis for quantifying the plasticity of individual plant traits. Abutilon theophrasti individuals were grown in...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378741
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The co-occurrence of several species, all of which share similar resource requirements, remains a paradox in ecology. Here, I evaluated resource use along multiple environmental axes to understand the potential for niche partitioning and complementarity in a guild of suspension-feeding rocky shore invertebrates. I foc...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04691-z
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intra-colony demography and life history characteristics of neotropical Africanized and temperate European honey bearaces were compared under simulated feral conditions. Major differences in colony demography were found which nevertheless resulted in some similar reproductive characteristics. European colonies were la...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346502
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sources of variation in floral nectar production were investigated in a natural population of Epilobium canum (Onagraceae), a hummingbird-pollinated herbaceous shrub. Field measurements showed significant phenotypic variation among plants in floral nectar production rates. Average variance among flowers within plants ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050185
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blue-footed boobies (Sula nebouxii) in the Galápagos Islands nest at coastal sites such as cliff edges if Nazca boobies (S. granti) are absent. However, if sympatric with nesting Nazca boobies, they nest nearby, but farther inland, in areas with little topographical relief. Nazca boobies nest at the coastal sites whet...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-0992-7
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00