Abstract:
:Sterkfontein Caves is the single richest early hominin site in the world with deposits yielding one or more species of Australopithecus and possible early Homo, as well as an extensive faunal collection. The inability to date the southern African cave sites accurately or precisely has hindered attempts to integrate the hominin fossil evidence into pan-African scenarios about human evolutionary history, and especially hominin biogeography. We have used U-Pb and U-Th techniques to date sheets of calcium carbonate flowstone inter-bedded between the fossiliferous sediments. For the first time, absolute age ranges can be assigned to the fossil-bearing deposits: Member 2 is between 2.8 +/- 0.28 and 2.6 +/- 0.30 Ma and Member 4 between 2.65 +/- 0.30 and 2.01 +/- 0.05 Ma. The age of 2.01 +/- 0.05 Ma for the top of Member 4 constrains the last appearance of Australopithecus africanus to 2 Ma. In the Silberberg Grotto we have reproduced the U-Pb age of approximately 2.2 Ma of for the flowstones associated with StW573. We believe that these deposits, including the fossil and the flowstones, accumulated rapidly around 2.2 Ma. The stratigraphy of the site is complex as sediments are exposed both in the underground chambers and at surface. We present a new interpretation of the stratigraphy based on surface mapping, boreholes logs and U-Pb ages. Every effort was made to retain the Member system, however, only Members 2 and 4 are recognized in the boreholes. We propose that the deposits formally known as Member 3 are in fact the distal equivalents of Member 4. The sediments of Members 2 and 4 consisted of cone-like deposits and probably never filled up the cave. The U-Th ages show that there are substantial deposits younger than 400 ka in the underground cave, underlying the older deposits, highlighting again that these cave fills are not simple layer-cakes.
journal_name
J Hum Evoljournal_title
Journal of human evolutionauthors
Pickering R,Kramers JDdoi
10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.03.014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-07-01 00:00:00pages
70-86issue
1eissn
0047-2484issn
1095-8606pii
S0047-2484(10)00082-5journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A human lower right deciduous second molar was discovered in 1984 at the entrance of Trou de l'Abîme at Couvin (Belgium). In subsequent years the interpretation of this fossil remained difficult for various reasons: (1) the lack of taxonomically diagnostic elements which would support its attribution to either Homo (s...
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.08.003
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.03.008
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.07.002
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.03.001
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.08.002
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.05.010
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.07.001
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.11.003
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.05.001
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.03.014
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.102705
更新日期:2019-12-24 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jhev.1998.0253
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Archaeological excavations at the DK site in the eastern Olduvai Basin, Tanzania, age-bracketed between ∼1.88 Ma (Bed I Basalt) and ∼1.85 Ma (Tuff IB), record the oldest lahar inundation, modification, and preservation of a hominin "occupation" site yet identified. Our landscape approach reconstructs environments and ...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.11.011
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00