Abstract:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be one of the most common chronic liver diseases across worldwide. Astaxanthin (Ax) is a carotenoid, and beneficial effects of astaxanthin, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumour activity, have been identified. The present study aimed to elucidate the protective effect of astaxanthin against NAFLD and its underlying mechanism. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Mice were fed either a high fat or chow diet, with or without astaxanthin, for up to 12 weeks. L02 cells were treated with free fatty acids combined with different doses of astaxanthin for 48 h. Histopathology, expression of lipid metabolism, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis-related gene expression were assessed. And the function of mitochondria was also evaluated. KEY RESULTS:The results indicated that astaxanthin attenuated HFD- and FFA-induced lipid accumulation and its associated oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis both in vivo and in vitro. Astaxanthin up-regulated FGF21 and PGC-1α expression in damaged hepatocytes, which suggested an unrecognized mechanism of astaxanthin on ameliorating NAFLD. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS:Astaxanthin attenuated hepatocyte damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in NAFLD by up-regulating FGF21/PGC-1α pathway. Our results suggest that astaxanthin may become a promising drug to treat or relieve NAFLD.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Wu L,Mo W,Feng J,Li J,Yu Q,Li S,Zhang J,Chen K,Ji J,Dai W,Wu J,Xu X,Mao Y,Guo Cdoi
10.1111/bph.15099subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-08-01 00:00:00pages
3760-3777issue
16eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381journal_volume
177pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. The effects of seven agonist and three antagonist adenosine receptor ligands were compared on the guinea-pig sinoatrial (SA) node (isolated right atrium) and atrioventricular (AV) node (perfused whole heart). Single agonist concentration-effect curves were obtained to 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), R(-)-N6-...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0701891
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhalation of cyclopropane in dogs, by the closed circuit method, for a fixed period, produced an emetic response during recovery from anaesthesia. Bilateral surgical ablation of the emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema rendered the dogs refractory to several times (3-6) the threshold emetic dose of ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1971.tb07174.x
更新日期:1971-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Cellulose sulphate, like heparin, prolonged the clotting time in partial thromboplastin time (PTT) assays, inhibited the amidolytic activity of thrombin, was without effect on amidolysis catalysed by activated coagulation factor X(Xa), and potentiated the inhibition of both thrombin and Xa by antithrombin III (AT). ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1980.tb10856.x
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of hypoxia on atrioventricular conduction were investigated in the Langendorff-perfused isolated heart of the rabbit with various extracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]) as well as in the presence of verapamil, nifedipine, N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulphonamide (W-7) and chlorpromazine. The ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1986.tb09496.x
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Insulin stimulates the transport of glucose in target tissues by triggering the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane. Resistance to insulin, the major abnormality in type 2 diabetes, results in a decreased GLUT4 translocation efficiency. Thus, special attention is...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.12845
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00954.x
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effects of 1,3-di(2-tolyl)guanidine (DTG) were examined on the responses of cultured hippocampal neurones to the excitatory amino acid analogues N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), kainate, quisqualate and (RS)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA). 2. In rat hippocampal neurones loaded with the ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13749.x
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The electromechanical window (EMW), the interval between the end of the T-wave and the end of the left ventricular pressure (LVP) curve, has recently been proposed as a predictor of risk of Torsade de Pointes (TdP) in healthy animals, whereby a negative EMW (mechanical relaxation earlier than rep...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.12483
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Metformin, a small molecule, antihyperglycaemic agent, is a well-known activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and protects against cardiac fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. TGFβ1 is a key cytokine mediating cardiac fibrosis. Here, we investigated the effects o...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.13753
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 About 45% of singly-housed male mice showed timidity (alert postures, running away, defensive postures) instead of aggression on interactions in pairs with group-housed male mice, though their partners did not show any aggression. The isolation-induced timidity was stable in repeated interactions. Timid mice also sh...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1975.tb07622.x
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Dose-related increases in airways resistance (Raw) and decreases in dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) were recorded in guinea-pigs and rats following intravenous injection of propranolol and of the cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, atenolol and practolol. 2 The bronchoconstriction reached a peak in 2 to...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1979.tb10846.x
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Endotoxin shock is accompanied by an increase in peripheral vascular permeability. It has been postulated that most biological activities of LPS are derived from lipid A moiety. Here we examined the effect of lipid A analogue ONO-4007 in increasing vascular permeability and the possible mediators in mouse skin by a...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703425
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR)s are nuclear transcription factors of the steroid receptor super-family. One member, PPARgamma, a critical transcription factor in adipogenesis, is expressed in ECV304 cells, and when activated participates in the induction of cell death by apoptosis. Here we describe...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703628
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704872
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00493.x
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD), shows promising results as an effective potential antiepileptic drug in some forms of refractory epilepsy. To elucidate the mechanisms by which CBD exerts its anti-seizure effects, we investigated its effects at synaptic connections and on t...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.14202
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effect of the myorelaxant drugs baclofen, diazepam and tizanidine have been compared on in vitro preparations of baby rat spinal cord and adult rat superior cervical ganglion. 2. Dorsal root-elicited long duration (time to half decay 9.71 +/- 0.29 s.e. mean, n = 31) ipsilateral ventral root reflexes (DR-VRP), m...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1992.tb12794.x
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Pinacidil relaxes blood vessels through opening the K(ATP) channels with a resultant membrane hyperpolarization and inhibition of Ca(2+) influx. The aim of this study was to examine the mechanisms thereby pinacidil induces K(+) channel-independent relaxation in isolated endothelium-denuded rat mesenteric artery. 2 P...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705062
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00442.x
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1991.tb12278.x
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0701086
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacological properties of fatty acid amidohydrolase (FAAH) were investigated in brains of 35-day-old chickens, since nothing is known about the enzyme in avian species. FAAH activity towards both [(3)H]-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) [K(M)=1.5 microM] and [(3)H]-anandamide (AEA) [K(M)=5.4 microM] was demonstrated...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703569
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Subcutaneous administration of glucagon (1 and 0.5 mg/kg) 30 min before the injection of carrageenin or dextran into the rat's paw reduced oedema and the local exudation of Evans blue previously given intravenously. 2 The effect persisted after removal of the adrenal medulla but not after adrenalectomy. 3 When gluca...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1975.tb07611.x
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUNDS AND PURPOSE:Lactic acidosis is a fatal adverse effect of metformin, but the risk factor remains unclear. Multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1) is expressed in the luminal membrane of the kidney and liver. MATE1 was revealed to be responsible for the tubular and biliary secretion of metformin. Therefore, s...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01853.x
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Vasoconstrictions induced by transmural electrical field stimulation were frequency-dependent from 2 to 32 Hz in the rabbit isolated splenic artery. All contractions were abolished in the presence of tetrodotoxin 1 microM or guanethidine 100 microM. Stimulation at a frequency of more than 32 Hz induced both neuroge...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0700933
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The distribution and some pharmacological properties of centrally located dextromethorphan high-affinity binding sites were investigated by in vitro autoradiography. 2. Sodium chloride (50 mM) induced a 7 to 12 fold increase in dextromethorphan binding to rat brain in all areas tested. The effect of sodium was conc...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0701043
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Bradykinin has multiple effects on differentiated NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma cells: it increases Ins(1,4,5)P3 production and intracellular Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]i evokes a Ca2+ activated K+ current (IK(Ca)) and inhibits M current (IM). We studied the effect of the aminosteroid U73122 and the antibiotic neom...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0700991
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effects of the beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptor selective antagonists, CGP 20712A and ICI 118551 respectively, on responses to isoprenaline-induced relaxation of rat distal colon were investigated in order to determine the contributions of these subtypes to relaxation. In addition, the properties of ICI D7114, a...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb14000.x
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The increased proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) after arterial injury contributes greatly to the pathogenesis of neointimal hyperplasia. As a major component of epigenetics, histone methylation plays an important role in several cardiovascular diseases. However, ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.14754
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 The recently discovered benzodiazepine receptor exists in high concentration in the cerebral cortex. We have, therefore, examined the effects of diazepam and chlordiazepoxide on cortical neurone responses to excitatory and inhibitory amino acids and acetylcholine, in the cortex of rats anaesthetized with urethane.2 ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1979.tb08702.x
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00