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Risk factors for cancer-associated thrombosis in patients undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Abstract：

:Purpose Anticancer agents are known to increase cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) onset. CAT onset rate is reported to be 1.92% in cisplatin-based therapy, 6.1% in paclitaxel plus ramucirumab combination therapy, and 11.9% in bevacizumab monotherapy. Because immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) cause a sudden increase in T cell number, an association between administration of these drugs and increase in CAT incidence is likely. However, the extent to which ICI administration affects CAT incidence remains unclear. Further, risk factors for CAT incidence have not yet been identified. The present study investigated CAT incidence and associated risk factors in patients receiving ICI. Methods Patients administered nivolumab or pembrolizumab at Fujita Health University Hospital from April 2017 to March 2018 were enrolled. We collected retrospective data regarding age, sex, cancer type, BMI, medical history, laboratory data at treatment initiation, medications, and computed tomography (CT) interpretations from electronic medical records. Results We identified 122 eligible participants from 135 patients receiving nivolumab or pembrolizumab. Ten patients (8.2%) developed CAT. A history of venous thromboembolism (VTE) or arterial thromboembolism (ATE) was a risk factor for CAT incidence (odds ratio: 6.36, P = 0.039). A history of heart disease may be a risk factor for CAT incidence (odds ratio 6.56, P = 0.052). Significantly higher usage of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy was noted in patients who developed CAT (60%) than in those who did not (13.4%, p < 0.01). Conclusion High (8.2%) CAT incidence during ICI administration suggested that ICI is not associated with a lower blood clot risk than other anticancer agents investigated in previous studies. For patients with VTE, ATE, or heart disease history, it is crucial to consider the possibility of CAT even with antiplatelet therapy.

journal_name

Invest New Drugs

journal_title

Investigational new drugs

authors

Ando Y,Hayashi T,Sugimoto R,Nishibe S,Ito K,Kawada K,Ikeda Y,Yamada S,Imaizumi K

doi

10.1007/s10637-019-00881-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-08-01 00:00:00

pages

1200-1206

issue

eissn

0167-6997

issn

1573-0646

pii

10.1007/s10637-019-00881-6

journal_volume

pub_type

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Risk factors for cancer-associated thrombosis in patients undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.