Fluid needs in acute renal failure.

abstract：:Fluid homeostasis requires adequate water intake, regulated by an intact thirst mechanism and appropriate free water excretion by the kidneys, mediated by appropriate secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP, also known as antidiuretic hormone). AVP exerts its antidiuretic action by binding to the X chromosome-encoded V...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Ranadive SA,Rosenthal SM

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) is in its adolescence, it is already having a major impact on patient care, quality, safety, and education. Pediatric hospitalists have been front-and-center in the safety and quality movement, driving change as clinicians, applying evidence-based medicine to standardize prac...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Ramotar MW,Sectish TC

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Even though chest pain in children is a common complaint, an underlying gastrointestinal cause is rare. The four common gastrointestinal conditions that present with chest pain include eosinophilic esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophageal dysmotility, and foreign body ingestion. Other than ingestion of...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Garza JM,Kaul A

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I have stressed the known medical and environmental factors associated with unexpected, sudden death in sports in children, and I have recommended restrictions or environmental alterations to prevent sudden death associated with an individual sport. Medical problems such as cardiomyopathies, posterior mitral valve lea...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Luckstead EF

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parents, teachers, health care providers, and other caring adults worry about the harmful influence of media messages and images on children and teens and wonder how to recognize and encourage positive and healthy use of media. For decades, experts have commented on the power of media. Media depictions can lead to neg...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Hogan MJ

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on the current knowledge of pulmonary mechanics and the results of clinical studies, we have reviewed principles that govern gas exchange during assisted ventilation in infants with RDS. Guidelines for changes in ventilator settings have been presented with respect to their specific effects on CO2 elimination an...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Carlo WA,Martin RJ

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) continue to be the most commonly used form of prescription contraceptives used by adolescents in the United States. With proper use, oral contraceptives provide safe and effective birth control. Broad categories of OCPs include progestin-only pills (POPs) and combined oral contraceptive...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Powell A

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pediatric autopsy can provide great benefits to families at a time when their world is falling apart. It can be invaluable in the processing of grief that families endure, helping them to plan their future. Autopsy results not only provide information but may also provide consolation by giving the family the oppor...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Riggs D,Weibley RE

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abnormalities of occlusal development manifest themselves clinically as a need for orthodontic treatment. There are many circumstances in which there is an interaction between traditional pediatric concerns and occlusal abnormalities. In some cases medical treatment impacts on the development of occlusion. In other ca...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Smith RJ

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Approximately 10 per cent of all school-aged children have some type of learning disorder. These students are usually labeled mentally retarded, learning disabled, or emotionally disturbed/behavior disordered. The authors discuss the commonly used definitions of these disorders, the prognosis in school for children wi...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Warren SA,Taylor RL

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have presented the current concepts of gastrointestinal ontogeny--the various factors governing the ontogeny of the gastrointestinal tract and the interaction and intricate relationship between different determinants. It is only through a better understanding of the development of the gut and the various factors af...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Lebenthal E,Leung YK

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The renin-angiotensin system plays multiple roles in the maintenance of normal blood pressure and renal function. The balance and integration of these roles change during development in ways that we do not yet fully understand. This article reviews the ways in which the renin-angiotensin system maintains normal cardio...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Guillery EN,Robillard JE

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern assessment of the tonsils and adenoids is based on an appreciation of new concepts pertaining to the pathogenesis of tonsil and adenoid disease. Recognition of the emergence of beta-lactamase-producing and encapsulated anaerobic bacteria in the tonsils and adenoids should lead to a reconsideration of present th...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Brodsky L

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review discusses disorders of altered neutrophil number and function and provide a basic framework for patient evaluation and management. The sections begin with neutropenia, neutrophilia and neutrophil dysfunction with a general screening approach to differentiate common, more benign syndromes from rare, often m...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Kyono W,Coates TD

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past decade, considerable advances have occurred in our understanding of the pathophysiology of this disorder, its metabolic sequelae, and its management, particularly with respect to continuous low-dose insulin infusion and the potential benefits of phosphate. This article reviews these advances as they pertai...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Sperling MA

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonatal infections continue to cause morbidity and mortality in infants. Among approximately 400,000 infants followed nationally, the incidence rates of early-onset sepsis infection within 3 days of life are 0.98 cases per 1000 live births. Newborn infants are at increased risk for infections because they have relati...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Santos RP,Tristram D

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Status epilepticus is a serious medical emergency that requires prompt and appropriate intervention. Maintenance of adequate vital function with attention to airway, breathing, and circulation; prevention of systemic complications; and rapid termination of seizures must be coupled with investigating and treating any u...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Hanhan UA,Fiallos MR,Orlowski JP

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past decade, much progress has been made in understanding the risk factors and timing of perinatal HIV transmission. Even more impressive have been the successful clinical trials with antiretrovirals, such as ZDV, ZDV-3TC, and nevirapine, that demonstrated significant reductions in the risk for infant infecti...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Fowler MG,Simonds RJ,Roongpisuthipong A

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors review the imaging techniques currently used to study some of the more common emergency medical and surgical problems that are encountered in children and that are not covered elsewhere in this volume. ...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Kirchner SG,Horev G

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the recent mandate for early intervention services, the pediatrician is more involved than ever in the identification and evaluation of children with developmental disabilities. Developmental surveillance at routine visits and listening to parental concerns are crucial in the early diagnosis of developmental dela...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Levy SE,Hyman SL

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research on human resiliency in the face of adversity has gained widespread currency in the study of the developmental outcomes for children exposed to multiple risk factors. This article reviews several of these studies from a multilevel perspective, with a view to documenting their contributions and limitations and ...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Edari R,McManus P

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tics in children and adolescents are a common occurrence; however, a small proportion of these disorders require pharmacologic interventions. Several limitations exist with the use of pharmacologic interventions, and hence, a more ideal multidisciplinary approach is recommenced, with emphasis on nonpharmacologic manag...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Chadehumbe MA,Greydanus DE,Feucht C,Patel DR

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article outlines and summarizes the rationale and the working process that was undertaken by the National Spina Bifida Program to address the issues of transitioning throughout the life course for persons growing up with spina bifida. Their challenges include achieving independent living, vocational independence,...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Thibadeau JK,Alriksson-Schmidt AI,Zabel TA

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last decade, significant progress in the knowledge and management of external genital anomalies has been achieved, including an improved understanding of epidemiology and pathophysiology of these anomalies, the identification of etiologic genetic defects, and significant improvements in surgical approaches that...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： MacLellan DL,Diamond DA

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, convened and staffed by the U.S. Public Health Service, is evaluating the scientific basis of various preventive services to develop age- and sex-specific recommendations concerning their appropriate use in clinical settings. Over the course of the next few years, the Task Forc...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Mickalide AD

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric fractures are seen commonly in emergency departments. Pediatricians are usually the first physicians to assess injured children. Pediatricians should be comfortable in evaluating the fracture and interpreting radiographs prior to consulting an orthopedist. An understanding of the differences between pediatri...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： England SP,Sundberg S

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advances in genetics, including mapping the human genome, improved therapy for genetic disorders, recognition of the role of genetic factors in common diseases of adulthood, and new screening tests for carrier detection and presymptomatic diagnosis create an increased demand for and awareness of clinical genetic servi...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Bernhardt BA,Pyeritz RE

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hospitals that care for children are establishing medical emergency or rapid response teams as system solutions for preventing unexpected but foreseeable respiratory and cardiac arrest on inpatient units. Typically, an experienced team of doctors and nurses responds quickly to a direct request by any level of staff or...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Tibballs J,van der Jagt EW

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acutely poisoned children remain a common problem facing pediatricians working in acute care medicine in the United States and worldwide. The management of such children continues to be challenging, and their care has evolved throughout the years. The concept of gastric decontamination in acute poisoning has significa...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Hanhan UA

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperthyroidism in infants and children usually is caused by Graves' disease; however, several other diseases can also produce hyperthyroidism in these age groups. Because the pathophysiology and clinical course of these conditions differ, optimal treatment depends on precise diagnosis. ...

journal_title：Pediatric clinics of North America

authors： Zimmerman D,Gan-Gaisano M

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00