Abstract：
:Community antibiotic utilization and its relationship with trachoma has been poorly characterized in areas with endemic trachoma. A survey of all drug-dispensing facilities in an area of rural Ethiopia was conducted. Antibiotic use was calculated using both retrospective and prospective methodology, and expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs). Overall antibiotic consumption estimates ranged from 2.91 to 3.07 DDDs per 1000 person days. Macrolide antibiotics accounted for 0.01 to 0.02 DDDs per 1000 person days. Each additional DDD of antibiotic use per 1000 person days was associated with a 15.0% (95% CI -19.7 to -10.3) decrease in the prevalence of clinically active trachoma among children under 10 years of age after adjusting for age, gender, altitude and the distance to nearest town. Increased background community antibiotic use may therefore be an aspect of socioeconomic development that can partially explain why trachoma prevalence has decreased in some areas in the absence of a trachoma program. The low volume of macrolide consumption in this area suggests that selection for nasopharyngeal pneumococcal macrolide resistance after mass azithromycin treatments likely has little clinical significance.
journal_name
Int Healthjournal_title
International healthauthors
Ayele B,Belay T,Gebre T,Zerihun M,Amere A,Assefa Y,Habte D,Loh AR,Stoller NE,Keenan JDdoi
10.1016/j.inhe.2011.06.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
282-8issue
4eissn
1876-3413issn
1876-3405journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Ensuring the quality and effectiveness of counselling is imperative for enabling people living with HIV to cope with treatment adherence. Countrywide assessment of antiretroviral therapy (ART) centres was undertaken to assess the quality and effectiveness of counselling. The insights gained from the assessme...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihy100
更新日期：2019-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Diarrhoea is a major cause of child mortality. Although oral rehydration solution (ORS) is an efficacious intervention for correcting dehydration, inadequate monitoring may limit its effectiveness in routine settings. We evaluated the effect of using a caregiver-administered chart to monitor oral fluid thera...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihy040
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases, accounting for at least half of haemorrhagic and ischaemic strokes, heart failure and renal failure in sub-Saharan Africa. However, population-based data to inform policies are scarce. Using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surve...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.inhe.2012.09.005
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In industrial countries, a number of factors put indigenous peoples at increased risk of HIV infection. National surveillance data between 1999 and 2008 provided diagnoses for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders (Australia), First Nations, Inuit and Métis (Canada excluding Ontario and Quebec) and Māori (New Zealand...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.inhe.2011.03.010
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Health aid to Nigeria increased tremendously in the last decade and a significant portion of the funds were earmarked for HIV-associated programs. Studies on the impact of HIV-specific aid on the delivery of non-HIV health services in sub-Saharan Africa have yielded mixed results. This study assessed if ther...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihv036
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is a key strategy used by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) to measure progress towards reaching the global eradication goal. Supported by a global polio laboratory network, AFP surveillance is conducted in 179 of 194 WHO member states. Active surveillance visits...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihx016
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Ethiopia, evidence on the national burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is limited. To address this gap, this systematic analysis estimated the burden of CVDs in Ethiopia using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study data. The age-standardized CVD prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and mor...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihaa069
更新日期：2020-09-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study aims to understand the determinants of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria's dedicated channel for health systems strengthening (HSS) funding across countries and to analyze their health system priorities expressed in budgets and performance indicators. METHODS:We obtained pu...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihw055
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We examined antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and retention by sex and pregnancy status in rural Nigeria. METHODS:We studied HIV-infected ART-naïve patients aged ≥15 years entering care from June 2009 to September 2013. We calculated the probability of early ART initiation and cumulative incidence of ...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihv032
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycobacterium ulcerans infection results in significant disfiguring morbidity, and treatment is expensive. To estimate the cost of treatment in the antibiotic era, a retrospective study of 71 patients diagnosed and treated for M. ulcerans in the Bellarine Peninsula (Victoria, Australia) between 1998 and 2006 was perfo...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.inhe.2011.12.005
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humanitarian agencies regularly carry out nutrition surveys to estimate the prevalence of acute malnutrition (wasting) and mortality as well as to collect data on a wide range of contributory or aggravating factors in order to identify interventions and to direct aid where it is most needed. In this study, the case of...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.inhe.2011.01.003
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Between June 2012 and December 2013 Médecins Sans Frontières launched a pilot project with the aim of testing a strategy for improving timely diagnosis of active pulmonary TB among migrants hosted in four centres of identification and expulsion (CIE) in Italy. METHODS:This is a descriptive study. For active...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihw025
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:This article examines risk factor and health differences between Antillean migrants in the Netherlands and Antillean and Dutch non-migrants, and relates these findings to four commonly used explanations for migrant health disparities. Methods:Nationally representative data from the 2012 Dutch Public Health ...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihy026
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite growing interest at national and international levels to use community-directed interventions (CDI) for delivery of health interventions in Africa, inadequate information on its acceptability and effectiveness remains. This study aimed to examine community perceptions on CDI strategy and its effectiveness for ...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.inhe.2010.07.009
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The care of severely malnourished children in sub-Saharan Africa is challenging, especially in HIV-prevalent settings. Recent improvements to facility-based individual case management, and increased community-based management focusing on early identification and high programme coverage have led to reductions in mortal...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.inhe.2009.03.001
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study was designed to identify the extent to which self-reported Mandrax use impacts condom-use beliefs amongst South African prison inmates. METHODS:Participants were inmates from four prisons in the provinces of KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga. In total, 357 inmates participated in the parent study of w...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihv048
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Data on home-based records (HBRs) practices within national immunization programmes are non-existent, making it difficult to determine whether current efforts of immunization programmes related to basic recording of immunization services are appropriately focused. METHODS:During January 2014, WHO and the Un...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihv014
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Providing compensation for participants in clinical research is well established and while international guidelines exist, defining a context-specific and fair compensation for participants in low-resource settings is challenging due to ethical concerns and the lack of practical, national compensation and re...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihaa066
更新日期：2020-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:On 26 December 2004, 280 000 people lost their lives in the Asia-Pacific region. A massive earthquake struck Indonesia, triggering a tsunami that affected several countries, including Thailand. This tsunami had important implications for the health status of Thai citizens and health planning, and thus there ...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/iht004
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Anaemia is a global public health problem affecting both developing and developed countries with major consequences for human health and socioeconomic development. This paper examines the possible relationship between Hb concentration and severity of anaemia with individual and household characteristics of c...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/iht034
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In recent years there have been several reports of outbreaks of dengue fever (DF) in Yemen. This study aimed to describe the prevailing knowledge, attitude and preventive practices regarding DF, and to investigate the factors associated with poor preventive practices in rural areas of Yemen. METHODS:A popul...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihv021
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Malaria infections are the leading cause of death for children in Madagascar. Insecticide-treated bednets offer effective prevention, but it is unclear how well free bednet distribution programs reach young children. METHODS:We conducted a secondary analysis of a free bednet distribution program in Madagasc...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/inthealth/iht033
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Malaysia is an upper-middle income country with a tax-based health financing system. Health care is relatively affordable, and safety nets are provided for the needy. The objectives of this study were to determine the out-of-pocket health spending, proportion of catastrophic health spending (out-of-pocket sp...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihw054
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The very large difference in mortality rates between Kimberley diamond miners and Witwatersrand gold miners during the 1918 influenza pandemic has never been explained. We examined extant epidemiological records from South African mining operations and other related activities to determine if mortality risk factors co...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.inhe.2009.12.001
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The availability of female-initiated HIV prevention options does not necessarily lead to their uptake. We investigated if married men were willing to support open or covert use of microbicides by their spouses in Pune, India. Data was collected using an interview-administered questionnaire from 151 consenting married ...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.inhe.2012.06.005
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors that includes central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of MetS and its associated risk factors among adult Palestinians using the International Diabetes Fed...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihz093
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One crucial element of the timely detection and identification of the causative agent(s) of a health emergency is access to live and historical data about the health risks in the area of concern. Therefore, sharing data on health emergencies is essential to the early investigation and detection teams. Although, theore...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihz122
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:This study aims to determine the indicators for assessing the functionality of clubfoot clinics in a low-resource setting. Methods:The Delphi method was employed with experienced clubfoot practitioners in Africa to rate the importance of indicators of a good clubfoot clinic. The consistency among the partic...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihy033
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Migrant populations such as mine workers contributed to the spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. We used a mathematical model to estimate the community-wide impact of targeting treatment and prevention to male migrants. METHODS:We augmented an individual-based network model, EMOD-HIV v0.8, to include an age...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihv011
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mental health services reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean in the last 20 years have led to a significant improvement of mental health services. They also contributed to the development of new evidence that may help the implementation of future reforms. These advances, however, were clearly insufficient to resp...
journal_title：International health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/inthealth/ihs013
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
