Effects of excipients on the chemical and physical stability of glucagon during freeze-drying and storage in dried formulations.

abstract：:A new transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) for nitroglycerin is presented that controls release of the active substance by means of desorption and diffusion. The drug release, in the dosage range examined under sink conditions, is independent of electrolytes and pH of the aqueous acceptor medium, but it does depend on...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Wolff M,Cordes G,Luckow V

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Evaluate the ability of (-)-6-aminocarbovir ((-)-6AC) to improve the CNS exposure to (-)-carbovir ((-)-CBV). METHODS:Activation of (-)-6AC in vitro was assessed by incubations of rat brain tissue homogenates. The in vivo brain exposure to (-)-CBV was then examined in rats after iv infusions of either (-)-CBV (...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Wen YD,Remmel RP,Pham PT,Vince R,Zimmerman CL

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the changes in expression levels of CYP3A4 and efflux transporters in CYP3A4-transfected Caco-2 (colon carcinoma) cells in the presence of the inducers sodium butyrate (NaB) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). To characterize the transport of [3H]-digoxin and the metabolism of midazolam i...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Cummins CL,Mangravite LM,Benet LZ

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The sensitivity and effectiveness of indirect metrics proposed for the assessment of comparative absorption rates in bioequivalence studies [Cmax, Tmax, partial AUC (AUCp), feathered slope (SLf), intercept metric (I)] were originally tested by assuming first-order absorption. The present study re-evaluates thei...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Ring A,Tothfalusi L,Endrenyi L,Weiss M

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Tissue partitioning is an important component of drug distribution and half-life. Protein binding and lipid partitioning together determine drug distribution. METHODS:Two structure-based models to predict partitioning into microsomal membranes are presented. An orientation-based model was developed using a mem...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Nagar S,Korzekwa K

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:One of the drawbacks of polycationic and cationic liposomal gene transfer is its sensitivity to serum. Gene therapy requires the transfectant-DNA complex to be resistant to serum as well as blood. Since Ca2+ has proved to be an efficient cofactor of polycationic gene transfer, we decided to investigate its effe...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Haberland A,Knaus T,Zaitsev SV,Buchberger B,Lun A,Haller H,Böttger M

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Deposition characteristics of MDI and DPI aerosols were compared throughout the conducting airways for the first time using a combination of in vitro experiments and a newly developed stochastic individual path (SIP) model for different inhalation profiles. METHODS:In vitro experiments were used to determine i...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Longest PW,Tian G,Walenga RL,Hindle M

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Type I collagen accumulates during liver fibrosis primarily because α-complex protein-2 (αCP(2)), encoded by the poly(rC) binding protein 2 (PCBP2) gene, binds to the 3' end of the collagen mRNA and increases its half-life. This study aimed to reverse the pro-fibrogenic effect of alcohol on hepatic stellate cel...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Shukla RS,Qin B,Wan YJ,Cheng K

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To analyze the effects of chemical enhancers and iontophoresis on the buccal transmucosal delivery of lidocaine and nicotine. METHODS:Porcine oral mucosal samples were pretreated with chemical enhancers before conducting 8-hr Franz diffusion-cell experiments. In studies addressing the influence of iontophoresi...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Wei R,Simon L,Hu L,Michniak-Kohn B

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One thousand milligrams of aspirin, as its lysine salt was administered intravenously, orally, and intramuscularly to nine male and nine female young healthy adult volunteers. After intravenous injection mean (+/- SD) values of clearance, steady-state volume of distribution, and terminal half-life were 12.2 +/- 2.2 ml...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Aarons L,Hopkins K,Rowland M,Brossel S,Thiercelin JF

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this work was to evaluate whether improved topical delivery of finasteride, focussed to the hair follicles of human scalp skin could be achieved with application of short durations of heat and use of specific chemical penetration enhancers. METHODS:Franz cell experiments with human scalp skin were p...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Farah HA,Brown MB,McAuley WJ

更新日期：2020-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Calculation of the ideal solubility of a crystalline solute in a liquid solvent requires knowledge of the difference in the molar heat capacity at constant pressure of the solid and the supercooled liquid forms of the solute, delta Cp. Since this parameter is not usually known, two assumptions have been used to...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Neau SH,Bhandarkar SV,Hellmuth EW

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of trilostane and one of its metabolites ketotrilostane are described and characterized in the rat following the separate intravenous administration of trilostane and ketotrilostane. It was noted during these studies that the parent compound and its metabolite undergo metabolic interconversion-tri...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： McGee JP,Shaw PN

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The preparation of drug/cyclodextrin complexes is a suitable method to improve the dissolution of poor soluble drugs. The efficacy of the Controlled Particle Deposition (CPD) as a new developed method to prepare these complexes in a single stage process using supercritical carbon dioxide is therefore compared w...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Hussein K,Türk M,Wahl MA

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To develop a method for drawing statistical inferences from differences between multiple experimental pair distribution function (PDF) transforms of powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data. METHODS:The appropriate treatment of initial PXRD error estimates using traditional error propagation algorithms was tested ...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Moore MD,Shi Z,Wildfong PL

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Delivery of therapeutics to neurons is paramount to treat neurological conditions, including many lysosomal storage disorders. However, key aspects of drug-carrier behavior in neurons are relatively unknown: the occurrence of non-canonical endocytic pathways (present in other cells); whether carriers that trave...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Hsu J,Hoenicka J,Muro S

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:5'-Ester derivatives of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IDU) with varying degrees of lipophilicity were examined to evaluate the effectiveness of lipophilic ester prodrugs for enhanced and sustained delivery of IDU to the brain parenchyma. Approximately 1.0% (1.0 +/- 0.19; n = 4) of the total radioactivity was found in the br...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Ghosh MK,Mitra AK

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids to neurons has the potential to treat neurological disease and spinal cord injury. While select viral vectors have shown promise as gene carriers to neurons, their potential as therapeutic agents is limited by their toxicity and immunogenicity, their broad tropism, and the cos...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Bergen JM,Park IK,Horner PJ,Pun SH

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A reverse-phase HPLC method for the analysis of tryptic digests of recombinant porcine growth hormone (pGH) has been developed and validated. Digestion was performed at 4 degrees C for a 20-hr period with TPCK-treated trypsin at a 1:20 (w/w) trypsin:pGH ratio. Gradient elution HPLC, using an Aquapore RP300 C8 column, ...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Charman SA,McCrossin LE,Charman WN

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The three-dimensional structures and molecular electrostatic potentials of the cis(Z) and trans(E)-isomers of flupenthixol and clopenthixol were examined by computer graphics and molecular mechanical and quantum mechanical calculations, and their internal molecular motions were studied by molecular dynamics simulation...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Sylte I,Dahl SG

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of polymer blending on entrapment and release of ganciclovir (GCV) from poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres using a set of empirical equations. METHODS:Two grades of PLGA, PLGA 7525 [D,L-lactide:glycolide(75:25), MW 90,000-126,000 Da] and Resomer...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Duvvuri S,Gaurav Janoria K,Mitra AK

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine the potential effect of probenecid on the pharmacokinetics of zalcitabine in HIV-positive patients. METHODS:Twelve patients received single oral 1.5 mg doses of zalcitabine alone and during probenecid treatment (500 mg at 8 and 2 hours before and 4 hours after zalcita...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Massarella JW,Nazareno LA,Passe S,Min B

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A rapid quantitative, enantioselective HPLC method for the analysis of the four stereoisomers, (+) and (-) erythro and (+) and (-) threo forms, of mefloquine has been developed using a Chiralpak Ad analytical column containing amylose tris-3,5-dimethylphenyl carbonate coated on silica gel and hexane/ethanol/diethylami...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Qiu Y,Kitamura S,Guillory JK

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The feasibility of using iontophoresis to enhance the permeation rate of a model peptide was investigated in vitro using hairless mouse skin. METHODS:Angiotensin 2 (AT 2) was employed as a permeant probe, using optimum iontophoresis conditions. A number of physicochemical parameters (donor ionic strength; vale...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Clemessy M,Couarraze G,Bevan B,Puisieux F

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange over a range of temperatures suggests a protein structural/mobility transition in the solid state below the system glass transition temperature (Tg). The purpose of this study was to determine whether solid-state protein stability correlates with the difference between storage ...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Fang R,Obeidat W,Pikal MJ,Bogner RH

更新日期：2020-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The gastric mucoadhesive property of tetracycline-sucralfate acidic complex (CO) was evaluated by using a novel method in vitro to compare with the in vivo test. The mucoadhesive mechanism of the acidic complex was also studied. METHODS:The gastric mucosa removed from a rat was placed covering the end of a plu...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Higo S,Ori K,Takeuchi H,Yamamoto H,Hino T,Kawashima Y

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unsymmetrical aryl(heteroaryl)methyl isopropyl ester analogues of nifedipine, in which the 2-nitrophenyl group at C-4 is replaced by a 2- or 3-pyridyl substituent, were synthesized and evaluated as calcium-channel antagonists using guinea pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle. The point of attachment of the C-4 pyridyl...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Akula MR,Matowe WC,Wolowyk MW,Knaus EE

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:VLPs displaying tumor targeting single-chain variable fragments (VLP-rscFvs) which targets tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG-72) marker protein have a potential for immunotherapy against colon carcinoma tumors. In this study, scFvs anchored on VLPs using glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) were prepared to t...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Deo VK,Yui M,Alam J,Yamazaki M,Kato T,Park EY

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of carboxyfluorescein (CF)-containing multilamellar vesicle (MLV) dispersions was prepared and extruded through polycarbonate membranes ranging in size from 0.2 to 5 microns. Vesicle dispersions were nebulized for 80 min using a Collison nebulizer, and the release of CF was monitored during nebulization. Solu...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Niven RW,Speer M,Schreier H

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to stabilize the vinca alkaloids, vincristine sulfate (VCR) and vinblastine sulfate (VBL), in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres and to release the drugs in a sustained manner for more than a month. METHODS:An oil-in-oil emulsion-solvent extraction method was used to e...

journal_title：Pharmaceutical research

authors： Marinina J,Shenderova A,Mallery SR,Schwendeman SP

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00