Abstract:
:Unsymmetrical aryl(heteroaryl)methyl isopropyl ester analogues of nifedipine, in which the 2-nitrophenyl group at C-4 is replaced by a 2- or 3-pyridyl substituent, were synthesized and evaluated as calcium-channel antagonists using guinea pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle. The point of attachment of the C-4 pyridyl substituent was a determinant of activity where the relative potency order was 2-pyridyl greater than 3-pyridyl. Within the C-4 2-pyridyl series of compounds, and electronegative substituent such as a trifluoromethyl or bromo at the 4 position of the benzyl ester substituent or a nitrogen atom at the 1 position of a 4-pyridylmethyl ester substituent, enhanced activity relative to the unsubstituted benzyl ester analogue. In contrast, in the C-4 3-pyridyl class of compounds, a variety of aryl(heteroaryl)methyl ester substituents did not alter potency to any significant extent. A number of compounds in the C-4 2-pyridyl series possessing 4-pyridylmethyl, 4-trifluoromethylbenzyl, 4-bromobenzyl, and 3-pyridylmethyl ester substituents were approximately equipotent to nifedipine. The aryl(heteroaryl)methyl ester and C-4 2-pyridyl substituents therefore appear to provide important interdependent contributions to calcium-channel antagonist activity.
journal_name
Pharm Resjournal_title
Pharmaceutical researchauthors
Akula MR,Matowe WC,Wolowyk MW,Knaus EEdoi
10.1023/a:1015941706008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-09-01 00:00:00pages
919-22issue
9eissn
0724-8741issn
1573-904Xjournal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the influence of the main biopharmaceutical factors on the viability of a new probiotic yeast strain, using dynamic in vitro systems simulating human gastric/small intestinal (TIM) and large intestinal (ARCOL) environments. METHODS:The viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 throughout th...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-011-0620-5
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the presence of multiplicity for the biliary excretion of xenobiotic conjugates, we studied the disposition of glycyrrhizin (GR), which has glucuronide within its molecular structure and has the ability to inhibit the biliary excretion of liquiritigenin (LG) glucuronides. METHODS:GR was administered...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1016033124819
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD)-modeling links dose-concentration relationships (PK) and concentration-effect relationships (PD), thereby facilitating the description and prediction of the time course of drug effects resulting from a certain dosing regimen. PK/PD-modeling approaches can basically be distinguis...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1011907920641
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We recently developed prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1))-encapsulated nanoparticles, prepared with a poly(lactide) homopolymer (PLA, Mw = 17,500) and monomethoxy poly(ethyleneglycol)-PLA block copolymer (PEG-PLA) (NP-L20). In this study, we tested whether the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon is observed wi...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-009-9943-x
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim was to replace the traditional 21-day Caco-2 permeability protocol by a more high-throughput assay. METHODS:Caco-2 cells were seeded at high density in 96-well plates in novel cell culture boxes. After 7 days, drug permeability studies were performed. Samples were analyzed by a new UV detection method....
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/b:pham.0000008043.71001.43
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of the jejunal bloodflow on the absorption of theophylline was investigated. The bloodflow through a segment under investigation was varied by changing the systemic blood pressure by means of a donor blood infusion into the jugular vein or by an infusion of isoprenaline or levarterenol into a femoral vei...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1016374508542
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of enantiomers of fenoprofen (FEN) was developed. Following the addition of internal standard (IS; racemic ketoprofen), the plasma or urine constituents are extracted into a mixture of isooctane:isopropanol (95:5), back ext...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1015867513045
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To quantitatively compare in vitro dissolution data in biorelevant and compendial media, to investigate whether in vitro differences are reflected in the simulated plasma profile and to specify under which circumstances prediction of the plasma profile of orally administered lipophilic drugs can be achieved. M...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1011071401306
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An empirical mass-transfer model for enteric-coating dissolution that uses in vivo dissolution data to characterize the pH-dependent solubility properties of the polymer film and a mass-transfer coefficient determined from in vivo dissolution or disintegration studies is developed. Once the in vivo mass-transfer coeff...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1018986827350
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Semitelechelic poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]s (ST-PHPMA) containing one amino end-group and differing in molecular weight were synthesized by radical polymerization in the presence of 2-aminoethanethiol (AET) as chain transfer agent. These polymers were covalently attached via amide bonds to the surface of n...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1016247206531
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to use a replicate designed trial to assess the overall, intra- and inter-subject variabilities in pharmacokinetic parameters of CGP 33101 after oral administration of tablets relative to that of powder suspended in water, and to determine the relative proportion of the intra-subje...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1023/a:1016275402723
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The objective of the work was to evaluate the potential of hyaluronan-based nanoparticles as tumor-targeting nano-systems for CD44-overexpressed cancer therapy. METHODS:The synthesized amphiphilic cholesteryl succinoyl hyaluronan (Chol-Suc-HA) conjugates self-assembled into docetaxel(DTX)-loaded nanoparticles ...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-014-1393-4
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To group microcrystalline celluloses (MCCs) using a combination of artificial neural network (ANN) and data clustering. METHODS:Radial basis function (RBF) network was used to model the torque measurements of the various MCCs. Output from the RBF network was used to group the MCCs using a data clustering techn...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-004-7690-6
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Pluronics are known as inhibitors of multidrug resistance thus making tumor cells sensitive to therapeutic doses of drugs. The purpose of our study consists in revealing molecular targets of the hydrophobic poly(propylene oxide) block of pluronics in living cells and the dependence of the polymers chemosensitiz...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-018-2484-4
更新日期:2018-09-06 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the impact of intestinal first-pass metabolism (Fg) by cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) and uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) on in vivo oral absorption of their substrate drugs. METHODS:CYP3A and UGT substrates were orally administered to portal-vein cannulated (PV) rats to evaluate t...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-014-1489-x
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human monocytes/macrophages (MO/MAC) were isolated from peripheral blood and cultivated on hydrophobic Teflon membranes. This culture system is suitable for HIV infection of MO/MAC in vitro. After transfer into 24-well plates the mature macrophages (infected or uninfected) were used for measurements of phagocytosis. T...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1015852732512
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:E-selectin is a cell adhesion molecule that is specifically expressed in the inflammatory vascular endothelium in response to cytokines such as IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, and interacts with specific ligands containing sialyl Lewis X (Neu5Ac alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-4(Fuc alpha 1-3)GlcNAc-, SLex). In order to investiga...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1018849029727
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An alternative procedure for the simultaneous determination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in an intravenous pharmaceutical formulation is presented. Infrared spectra of 14 calibration and 6 validation samples were collected using Fourier transform-infrared/attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR/ATR). Partial least...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1015957632242
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To measure the charge to mass (Q/M) ratios of the impactor stage masses (ISM) from commercial Flixotide™ 250 μg Evohaler, containing fluticasone propionate (FP), Serevent™ 25 μg Evohaler, containing salmeterol xinafoate (SX), and a combination Seretide™ 250/25 μg (FP/SX) Evohaler metered dose inhalers (MDIs). M...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-018-2544-9
更新日期:2018-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Nanoparticles, including lipopolyamines leading to lipoplexes, liposomes, and polyplexes are targeted drug carrier systems in the current search for a successful delivery system for polynucleic acids. This review is focused on the impact of gene and siRNA delivery for studies of efficacy, pharmacodynamics, and pharmac...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11095-008-9646-8
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is described for the assay of phenobarbital N-glucosylation using UDP-D-[6-3H]glucose. The radioactive phenobarbital N-glucoside conjugates [(5R)-PBG, (5S)-PBG] formed during the incubations were resolved from each other and from uncharacterized radioactive products by semipreparative HPLC. The product ratio ...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1015889707922
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Indocyanine green (ICG), an FDA-approved near infrared (NIR) dye, has potential application as a contrast agent for tumor detection. Because ICG binds strongly to plasma proteins and exhibits aqueous, photo, and thermal instability, its current applications are largely limited to monitoring blood flow. To addre...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-010-0190-y
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To apply physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to investigate the consequences of reduction in activity of hepatic and intestinal uptake and efflux transporters by cyclosporine and its metabolite AM1. METHODS:Inhibitory potencies of cyclosporine and AM1 against OATP1B1, OATP1B3 and OATP2B1 were...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-012-0918-y
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Under different charging conditions, particles can be either attracted or repulsed by each other, causing powder agglomeration or segregation. Such behavior can be detrimental in many processes aimed at achieving particulate mixture homogeneity. Consequently, the effects of electrostatic charges on mixing kinet...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-006-9934-0
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of the study was to investigate whether dopamine is transferred along the olfactory pathway to the brain following nasal administration to mice. METHODS:[3H]-Dopamine was administered nasally or intravenously to female mice. Brain tissue samples were excised and the radioactive content was measured. Th...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1007542618378
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the physical and release properties of different molecular weight (MW) pH- and temperature-responsive statistical terpolymers and beads of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), butylmethacrylate (BMA) and acrylic acid (AA). METHODS:Random terpolymers of varying MW were synthesized with NIPAAm/BMA/AA of feed...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1018813700535
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine by pharmacokinetic (PK) means the role of erythropoietin-receptor (EPO-R) upregulation in fetuses on the elimination of erythropoietin (EPO). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Six fetal sheep were catheterized at a gestational age of 125-127 days and phlebotomized daily for 6 days. Paired tracer PK studies us...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-007-9295-3
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of the present study was to explore the involvement of indoxyl sulfate (IS) in nephrotoxicity and central nervous system (CNS) toxicity in cisplatin (CDDP)-treated rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Renal function was evaluated by serum creatinine and BUN levels. The IS levels in the serum, brain and kidn...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11095-006-9183-2
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A plasmid-based gene expression system was complexed with protective, interactive, and non-condensing (PINC) polymer system and administered with Medi-Jector, a needle-free injection device (NFID), to achieve high and sustained levels of antigen-specific antibodies in blood circulation. METHODS:Human growth ho...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1018834305079
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porcine pancreatic elastase, a well-characterized serine protease, has been used as a model to assess the effects of excessive humidity on solid-state stability of the lyophilized protein. Elastase lyophilized without excipients retained full activity immediately after freeze-drying but became denatured upon continued...
journal_title:Pharmaceutical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1018979410338
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00