Bone histomorphometric measures of physical activity in children from medieval England.

abstract：:Oxygen stable isotope ratios (delta(18)O) have been determined in carbonate in paired first and third molar teeth from individuals (N = 61) who lived in the town of Portus Romae ("Portus") and who were buried in the necropolis of Isola Sacra (First to Third centuries AD) near Rome, Italy. We compare these analyses wit...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Prowse TL,Schwarcz HP,Garnsey P,Knyf M,Macchiarelli R,Bondioli L

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this review is to put core features of human sexuality in an evolutionary light. Toward that end, I address five topics concerning the evolution of human sexuality. First, I address theoretical foundations, including recent critiques and developments. While much traces back to Darwin and his view of sexual ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Gray PB

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The approximal surfaces of premolars and molars of 376 adult British-Romano skulls were examined for wear facets. The type of wear was designated as convex, concave, sigmoid, or flat, and the degree was categorised on a three-point scale. Concave wear facets were more frequently seen in the older age groups, but the t...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Whittaker DK,Ryan S,Weeks K,Murphy WM

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An inexpensive anthropometer, suitable for use in undergraduate projects, was constructed from aluminum rod and components designed from laboratory retort stands. Only modest workshop skills and widely available machine tools were required to produce the device, which could be used to take accurate and reproducible me...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Clarke GS

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mobility and migration patterns of groups and individuals have long been a topic of interest to archaeologists, used for broad explanatory models of cultural change as well as illustrations of historical particularism. The 14th century AD was a tumultuous period of history in Britain, with severely erratic weather pat...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kendall EJ,Montgomery J,Evans JA,Stantis C,Mueller V

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The degree of expression of sulcal patterns on endocasts of nonhuman primates has been shown to depend primarily on species (brain size) and age of the individual. It has been suggested that brain details on endocasts are reproduced better in juvenile than adult primates. Here, we investigated age-related ch...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Van Minh N,Hamada Y

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigates evidence of changes and continuities in ancient Maya violence and warfare in inland northwest Yucatan, Mexico from the Middle Preclassic (600-300 BC) to the Postclassic (AD 1050-1542) through bioarchaeological analysis of cranial and projectile trauma. It is hypothesized that the frequency of v...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Serafin S,Lope CP,Uc González E

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about ingested food size (V(b)) in primates, even though this variable has potentially important effects on food intake and processing. This study provides the first data on V(b) in strepsirrhine primates using a captive sample of 17 species. These data can be used for generating and testing models of ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Perry JM,Hartstone-Rose A

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The numbers of precoccygeal vertebrae (PCV) are compared in Southern African Negroes, Bushman (San) and American Negroes. The S.A. Negro and San males have an exceptionally high frequency of an increased total PCV number whilst the frequencies are significantly lower in a combined Caucasoid sample and the Mongoloid sa...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： de Beer Kaufman P

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A matrix decomposition model for analyzing prehistoric intracemetery biological variability is presented. The model, based on the correlation between interindividual biological and burial distance matrices, provides an estimate of the number of distinct burial populations interred within a single cemetery, which effec...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stojanowski CM

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unbiased selection of regions of interest (ROIs) and unbiased definition of histological structures are needed to improve the repeatability of microscopic methods for age at death determination and to reduce operator subjectivity. We present results obtained by selecting ROIs according to stereological principles on a...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Villa C,Lynnerup N

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mummies are human remains with preservation of nonbony tissue. Mummification by natural influences results in so-called natural mummies, whereas mummification induced by active (human) intervention results in so-called artificial mummies, although many cultures practiced burial rites, which to some degree involved bot...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Lynnerup N

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two samples of protohistoric Iroquoians are found to show low values for bone formation indicators. Two southern Ontario ossuary samples, Kleinburg (1600 AD, N = 561) and Uxbridge (1490 +/- 80 AD, N = 457) are examined. Mean values for the cortical index (Barnett and Nordin, 1960) and percent cortical area (Garn, 1970...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Pfeiffer S,King P

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Principal components analysis was used to quantify the variability in crown outlines of maxillary molars in Australian Aboriginals. The outlines were measured by 36 radii from the central pit to the crown periphery. The first component, responsible for over half of the total variance, was concerned with general crown ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Yamada H,Brown T

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using observations on the presence or absence of terminal hair in 13 locations on 700 white adult males, descriptive statistics were tabulated, phi coefficients of intercorrelation were computed, principal axis factor loadings were extracted, and varimax rotation of factors to simple structure was performed. The resul...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Barker DG

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic data consisting of 14 red cell antigen groups and 11 serum and erythrocytic protein marker systems from four Eskimo populations of the Norton Sound area of Alaska are reported. The population structure of these four groups in analyzed both separately and within the larger context by comparison to 15 other circ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Crawford MH,Mielke JH,Devor EJ,Dykes DD,Polesky HF

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An examination of the Vértesszöllös occipital bone indicates the need for takings its condition and preservation as well as certain aspects of its morphology into account prior to a metric assessment of its features. This analysis confirms the presence of extrasutural bones on the lambdoidal suture as well as some dis...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Wolpoff MH

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study analyzes the distribution of ten protein genetic polymorphisms in eighteen populations from the most densely inhabited areas of Cameroon. The languages spoken belong to three different linguistic families [Afro-Asiatic (AA), Nilo-Saharan (NS) and Niger-Kordofanian (NK)]. The analysis of variation of allele ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Spedini G,Destro-Bisol G,Mondovì S,Kaptué L,Taglioli L,Paoli G

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper examines humeral cross-sectional properties in two different samples of later medieval date: a group of blade-injured males from the sites of Towton, North Yorkshire, and Fishergate in the City of York, England, and a comparative group of nonblade-injured males also from the site of Fishergate in York. CT i...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rhodes JA,Knüsel CJ

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Madjars are a previously unstudied population from Kazakhstan who practice a form of local exogamy in which wives are brought in from neighboring tribes, but husbands are not, so the paternal lineages remain genetically isolated within the population. Their name bears a striking resemblance to the Magyars who have...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bíró AZ,Zalán A,Völgyi A,Pamjav H

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phenotypic variability is evaluated in a series of skeletal samples from the Apalachee region of Florida. Based on ethnohistoric evidence, several predictive models for changes in variability are generated. If variability decreases through time, this likely represents the effect of genetic drift in populations experie...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stojanowski CM

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents a comprehensive empirical analysis of the factors affecting growth and psychological development of over 100 infants from birth to age 6 months in the Embu region of Kenya. The analysis was divided into four parts. First, infants' birth weight, and length and head circumference as measured few days...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bhargava A

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurately estimating biological sex from the human skeleton can be especially difficult for fragmentary or incomplete remains often encountered in bioarchaeological contexts. Where typical anatomically dimorphic skeletal regions are incomplete or absent, observers often take their best guess to classify biological se...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Passalacqua NV,Zhang Z,Pierce SJ

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last 20 years, studies on human identified skeletal collections have revealed a significant relationship between new bone formation on the visceral surface of ribs and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). To improve methods of differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases in archaeological skeletons, an investigation ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Matos V,Santos AL

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A variety of geometric morphometric methods have recently been used to describe dental shape variation in human evolutionary studies. However, the applicability of these methods is limited when teeth are worn or are difficult to orient accurately. Here we show that elliptical best fits on outlines of dental tissues be...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bauer CC,Bons PD,Benazzi S,Harvati K

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ontogenetic samples of endocranial volumes (EVs) from great apes and humans are critical for understanding the evolution of the brain growth pattern in the hominin lineage. However, high quality ontogenetic data are scarce, especially for nonhuman primates. Here, we provide original data derived from an osteological c...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Neubauer S,Gunz P,Schwarz U,Hublin JJ,Boesch C

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of enamel thickness has received considerable attention in regard to the taxonomic, phylogenetic and dietary assessment of human and non-human primates. Recent developments based on two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) digital techniques have facilitated accurate analyses, preserving the original ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Benazzi S,Panetta D,Fornai C,Toussaint M,Gruppioni G,Hublin JJ

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rise of two sub-specialties in Physical Antrhopology traces back to the Anatomy Departments of Schools of Medicine in Germany and France during the nineteenth century. The study of human diversity in bones and bodies was largely by medically-trained anatomists. There developed Medical Antropology and Dental Anthro...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Krogman WM

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is assumed that the transition from the Late Eneolithic to the Early Bronze Age in Central Europe was associated with substantial changes in subsistence and the perception of gender differences. However, the archeological record itself does not entirely support this model. Alternatively, this transition may be inte...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Sládek V,Berner M,Sosna D,Sailer R

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Physiological stress is one of the various factors that can have an impact on stable isotope ratios. However, its effect on bone collagen stable isotope ratios is still not fully understood. This study aims to build on previous research on how different disease stages may affect bone collagen stable isotop...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Curto A,Mahoney P,Maurer AF,Barrocas-Dias C,Fernandes T,Fahy GE

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00