Abstract：
:Oxygen stable isotope ratios (delta(18)O) have been determined in carbonate in paired first and third molar teeth from individuals (N = 61) who lived in the town of Portus Romae ("Portus") and who were buried in the necropolis of Isola Sacra (First to Third centuries AD) near Rome, Italy. We compare these analyses with data for deciduous teeth of modern Roman children. Approximately one-third of the archaeological sample has first molar (M1) values outside the modern range, implying a large rate of population turnover at that time, consistent with historical data. Delta (18)O(ap) values suggest that a group within the sample migrated to the area before the third molar (M3) crown had completely formed (i.e., between 10 and 17.5 years of age). This is the first quantitative assessment of population mobility in Classical antiquity. This study demonstrates that migration was not limited to predominantly single adult males, as suggested by historical sources, but rather a complex phenomenon involving families. We hypothesize that migrants most likely came from higher elevations to the East and North of Rome. One individual with a higher delta(18)O value may have come (as a child) from an area isotopically similar to North Africa.
journal_name
Am J Phys Anthropoljournal_title
American journal of physical anthropologyauthors
Prowse TL,Schwarcz HP,Garnsey P,Knyf M,Macchiarelli R,Bondioli Ldoi
10.1002/ajpa.20541subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-04-01 00:00:00pages
510-9issue
4eissn
0002-9483issn
1096-8644journal_volume
132pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract：:This paper describes the skeletal maturity status of Japanese children in Western Kyushu and its variation within Japanese populations. Hand-wrist skeletal maturity was assessed by the Tanner-Whitehouse (1975) (TW2) method from radiographs of 500 boys and 485 girls aged from 4 to 15 years. Western Kyushu children show...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330620209
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Study of the dry weights of primate and non-promate masticatory musculature reveals a significant relationship between the Anterior Temporalis/Masseter ratio and the relative development of the anterior dentition. Available dietary information demonstrates that species emphasizing incisal preparation of food have a hi...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330500102
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Modern humans diverge from other extant hominids (chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans) in a series of craniofacial morphological features. Like hylobatids, they possess a face with a reduced subnasal prognathism that is associated with a globular basicranium. These traits are not independent, as the skull ...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.23163
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We tested whether patterns of intraspecific variation in catarrhine vertebral shape are consistent with developmental or functional predictions. Intraspecific variation was compared across column regions, morphological features, and species. Transitional regions and later ossifying morphological features wer...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.23730
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this paper is to document and interpret urban-rural differences in mortality in the past. To this end, we used data on mortality in Wielkopolska, Poland, in the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century. The data on mortality in rural areas (N = 1,173,910 deceased), small towns (N = 573,903 ...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.20288
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isotope variations were studied in necropolises of the early (6th to 7th century CE) and central (10th to 11th century CE) medieval period located in Fruili-Venezia Giulia (Northeastern Italy). The two periods each shortly followed two great barbarian invasions that changed the politics and economy of Italy: the arriv...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.22553
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Latex rubber brain endocasts of solo I, V, VI, X, and XI crania were prepared in order to determine accurate volumes by H2O-displacement and morphological description. The new volumes are not markedly different from previous estimates that had been done by mensuration formulae. The mean volume is 1,151 ml. The endocas...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330530213
更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anatomical effects of artificial cranial deformation on the face and the base have been subject to various metric approaches, including standard linear as well as finite element techniques, and have produced controversial results (Antón [1989] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 79:253-267; Kohn et al. [1993] Am. J. Phys. Ant...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.10286
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Studies of the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ(13) C and δ(15) N) of modern tissues with a fast turnover, such as hair and fingernails, have established the relationship between these values in mothers and their infants during breastfeeding and weaning. Using collagen from high-resolution dentin...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.22736
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reproductive cycles of 23 captive olive baboons were studied over two successive parturitions. Interbirth intervals of 450 days were reduced by 60% in comparison to wild baboons, and consisted of 145 days of postpartum amenorrhea, 3.5 cycles, and a gestation of 185 days. Dominance rank was found to be one signific...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.20405
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unbiased selection of regions of interest (ROIs) and unbiased definition of histological structures are needed to improve the repeatability of microscopic methods for age at death determination and to reduce operator subjectivity. We present results obtained by selecting ROIs according to stereological principles on a...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.21269
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A previous study of passive joint mobility in patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) showed that laboratory-caged animals had significantly greater mobility in most joints than age/sex matched free-ranging monkeys. Passive joint mobility on 27 of the same animals was measured 6 months after the caged animals were released...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330670102
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluate the hardness of foods consumed by sympatric Cercopithecus ascanius (redtail guenons) and Lophocebus albigena (grey-cheeked mangabeys), and consider how selection might operate to influence foraging adaptations. Since L. albigena has among the thickest dental enamel in extant primates and is commonly referr...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.10403
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The traditional morphogenetic fields of the human dentition were evaluated by means of factor analysis of dental dimensions taken from a series of human crania. When crown length, crown width and crown index were considered separately, factors emerged which could be identified with the tooth group fields. But a combin...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330420114
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevailing research design for studying infant sleep erroneously assumes the species-wide normalcy of solitary nocturnal sleep rather than a social sleeping environment. In fact, current clinical perspectives on infant sleep, which are based exclusively on studies of solitary sleeping infants, may partly reflect c...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330830307
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone remodeling variables in the rib were analyzed for a skeletal population of medieval antiquity (ca. A.D. 550-1450) from Kulubnarti, in Sudanese Nubia. The skeletal remains are naturally mummified and in an excellent state of preservation. The study sample consists of thin sections from the ribs of 80 individuals, ...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(200004)111:4<519::AID-AJPA
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To figure out which and how many systems of genetic markers should be used to control for the effects of shared population history in studies examining the association between morphology and climate and to test cranial non-metric traits as an additional source of neutral distances for such studies. MATERIAL...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.22894
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous research has revealed extensive genetic variation among villages on Bougainville, in the Solomon Islands. Using previously published gene frequency data for seven loci, the role of isolation by distance in structuring genetic variation on Bougainville was reanalyzed. Newer methods of kinship estimation show t...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330660309
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rise of two sub-specialties in Physical Antrhopology traces back to the Anatomy Departments of Schools of Medicine in Germany and France during the nineteenth century. The study of human diversity in bones and bodies was largely by medically-trained anatomists. There developed Medical Antropology and Dental Anthro...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330450317
更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The techniques of dental histology provide a method for reconstructing much of the life history of an individual, as accentuated increments visible in polarized light microscopy record incidents of physiological stress during the formation of dental tissues. Combined with counts of the normal periodic growth increment...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.10089
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of researchers have hypothesized that the biomechanical forces associated with cultural cranial deformation can influence the formation of sutural ossicles. However, it is still difficult to make definitive conclusions about this relationship because the effects appear to be quite weak, and contradictory resu...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.21005
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper present the content of the Musée de l'Homme exhibition "Us and them: from prejudice to racism" and provides a detailed explanation of how this content has been presented to the public. In a second section of this paper we explain some of the analysis and concepts, from a biological anthropology perspective,...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.24158
更新日期：2020-10-18 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 495 individuals from five different Argentinian tribes was examined for variation in 23 blood group and protein genetic systems, and the results were integrated with previous data on some of these systems. These tribes generally present RH * R1, PGM1 * 1, and ACP * A frequencies lower and RH * R2, ESD * 1, ...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1063
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of living primates feed part-year on seemingly hard food objects as a fallback. We ask here how hardness can be quantified and how this can help understand primate feeding ecology. We report a simple indentation methodology for quantifying hardness, elastic modulus, and toughness in the sense that materials s...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.21026
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Many studies on subadult sex estimation focus on elements that express sexually dimorphic features in adults. In contrast, diaphyseal dimensions have been shown to display sex-specific differences prior to adolescence. The current study evaluates the use of diaphyseal dimensions in subadult sex estimation. ...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.23185
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study explores variation and trends in first molar enamel thickness and daily enamel secretion rates over a 2000 year period in Britain. METHODS:Permanent first molars (n = 89) from the Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Medieval periods, as well as modern-day Britain, were analyzed using standard histological me...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.24026
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mexican Americans are a numerous and fast growing ethnic population in the United States. Yet little is known about their genetic structure. Since they are a hybrid, it is of interest to identify their parental populations and to estimate the relative contributions of these groups. This information is relevant to hist...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330840204
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Neandertal femora are particularly known for having a marked sagittal femoral curvature. This study examined femoral curvature in Neandertals in comparison to a modern human population from Belgium by the use of three-dimensional (3D) quadric surfaces modeled from the bone surface. 3D models provide detailed...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.23334
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Familial similarity of the dermatoglyphic trait values of finger ridge-count scores and pattern intensity index is examined for 125 nuclear families from the Velanadu Brahmin population of Southern India by the method of association arrays. This methodology assesses parent-offspring and sibship similarity through a co...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.1330620405
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To infer the ecogeographic conditions that underlie the evolutionary diversification of macaques, we investigated the within- and between-species relationships of craniodental dimensions, geography, and environment in extant macaque species. We studied evolutionary processes by contrasting macroevolutionary ...
journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajpa.23439
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
