Abstract:
:This study investigates evidence of changes and continuities in ancient Maya violence and warfare in inland northwest Yucatan, Mexico from the Middle Preclassic (600-300 BC) to the Postclassic (AD 1050-1542) through bioarchaeological analysis of cranial and projectile trauma. It is hypothesized that the frequency of violence increases before the Classic Maya collapse and remains high during the Postclassic period. It is also hypothesized that the flat, open terrain was conducive to warfare and resulted in higher trauma frequencies than in other parts of the Maya area. Results show that the frequency of cranial trauma decreases before the Classic collapse and increases in the Postclassic, partially matching the expected chronological trends. The frequency of cranial trauma does not differ significantly from other Maya regions but the pattern does: for all periods, males have more healed injuries than females and they are concentrated on the left side of the anterior of the skull. Some injuries appear to be from small points hafted in wooden clubs. In addition, projectile trauma is evident in a scapula with an embedded arrowhead tip, the first such case reported in a Maya skeleton. Overall, these results suggest greater reliance on open combat and less on raids in this region compared with other parts of the Maya area, possibly due to the flat, open terrain, though the identification of perimortem trauma in both women and men indicates surprise raids on settlements were also practiced.
journal_name
Am J Phys Anthropoljournal_title
American journal of physical anthropologyauthors
Serafin S,Lope CP,Uc González Edoi
10.1002/ajpa.22490subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-05-01 00:00:00pages
140-51issue
1eissn
0002-9483issn
1096-8644journal_volume
154pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe the physical growth of healthy children under 7 years in China based on the latest national survey and provide more data for revising growth reference and monitoring the impact of social development on children's health and growth. METHODS:In the cross-sectional survey, 161,774 healthy children ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
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pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
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更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
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更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
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