Abstract：
:Knowledge of Hg speciation in tissue is valuable for assessing potential toxicological effects in fish. Direct Hg analyzers, which use thermal decomposition and atomic absorption spectrometry, have recently gained popularity for determining organic Hg after procedural solvent extraction from some environmental media, although quantitative recovery from lipid-rich materials, such as fish liver, has been problematic. The authors developed a new method by which organic Hg in fish liver and muscle is estimated by the difference between direct measurements of inorganic Hg in an acid extract and total Hg in whole tissue. The method was validated by analysis of a certified reference material (DOLT-4 dogfish liver) and naturally contaminated fish tissues with comparison to an established Hg speciation method (gas chromatography cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry). Recovery of organic Hg from DOLT-4, estimated by difference, averaged 99 ± 5% of the mean certified value for methylmercury. In most liver samples and all muscle samples, estimates of organic Hg from the proposed method were indiscernible from direct speciation measurements of methylmercury (99% ± 6%). Estimation of organic Hg by the difference between total Hg and inorganic Hg was less accurate in liver samples with a high percentage of inorganic Hg (90%). This was because of the increased uncertainty that results from estimating a third value (i.e., organic Hg) by using the difference between two large concentrations (inorganic and total Hg). The proposed method is a useful tool for examining the speciation of Hg in fish muscle and liver, and by extension, potentially other tissues and environmental media.
journal_name
Environ Toxicol Chemjournal_title
Environmental toxicology and chemistryauthors
Barst BD,Hammerschmidt CR,Chumchal MM,Muir DC,Smith JD,Roberts AP,Rainwater TR,Drevnick PEdoi
10.1002/etc.2184subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-06-01 00:00:00pages
1237-41issue
6eissn
0730-7268issn
1552-8618journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In risk assessment of aquatic sediments, much attention is paid to the immobilizing effect of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) on trace metals. The difference of AVS and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) gives an indication of metal availability. In floodplain sediments, where changing redox conditions occur, AVS may p...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Copper toxicity in different embryonic and larval stages of the common South American toad Rhinella arenarum was evaluated by means of continuous and 24-h pulse treatments in 12 different developmental stages. Lethal concentrations (LC) of 10, 50, and 90% of continuous treatment with Cu from early blastula (S.4), comp...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.674
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rapid development of new technologies such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics (Omics) are changing the way ecotoxicology is practiced. The data deluge has begun with genomes of over 65 different aquatic species that are currently being sequenced, and many times that number with at least some level of...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/etc.401
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neonicotinoid pesticides are highly hydrophilic systemic insecticides that have been extensively used worldwide. To evaluate their environmental risks, the concentrations of these pesticides in the aquatic environment must be monitored. Although the polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) has proved to be a...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4729
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental contaminants can interfere with hormonal regulation in both vertebrates and invertebrates, and these contaminants may disrupt the endocrine system of human and other organisms. Evidence is growing that contaminants may be partly responsible for the observed increase of disease in marine organisms by adve...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/08-642.1
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using an ion-exchange-based solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method, the freely dissolved concentrations of C12-benzalkonium were measured in different toxicity assays, including 1) immobilization of Daphnia magna in the presence or absence of dissolved humic acid; 2) mortality of Lumbriculus variegatus in the prese...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2465
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study evaluated the effects of field metal contamination on sperm motility and the RNA/DNA ratio in echinoderms. Populations of Asterias rubens and Echinus acutus that occur naturally along a contamination gradient of sediments by cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in a Norwegian fjord (the Sørfjord) were stu...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/07-402
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sponges are a potential alternative model species to bivalves in pollution biomonitoring and environmental risk assessment in the aquatic ecosystem. In the present study, a novel in vivo exposure sponge culture model was developed from field-collected and cryopreserved sponge (Hymeniacidon perleve) cells to investigat...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3907
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study assessed the effects of maternal copper or cadmium exposure in a live-bearing fish. After a 10-d exposure to background levels (control) or 0.15 μM copper or cadmium, gravid females were transferred to clean water. Once a female gave birth, the authors analyzed her newborn offspring for lipid peroxid...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2919
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and water composition on the toxicity of copper to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, Lampsilis siliquoidea) were evaluated in natural and reconstituted waters. Acute 96-h copper toxicity tests werec onducted at four nominal DOC concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/08-655.1
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study evaluated the use of the invasive clam Corbicula fluminea as a surrogate for metal accumulation in native mussels. The tissue concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were analyzed in Corbicula and a native Unionid mussel species (Elliptio hopetonensis) collected from 13 sites in the Alta...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.235
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sediment-quality assessment often is hindered by the lack of agreement between chemical and biological lines of evidence. One limitation is that the bulk sediment toxicant concentration, the most widely used chemical parameter, does not always represent the bioavailable concentration, particularly for hydrophobic orga...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/08-322R.1
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-anadromous forms of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), those that are restricted to lakes and rivers, typically have higher mercury (Hg) concentrations than anadromous forms, which migrate to and from the sea. Using tissue burden data from the literature and our own analyses, we performed a screening-level risk ass...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4341
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The environmental sources, fate, transport, and routes of exposure of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5; CAS no. 541-02-6) are reviewed in the present study, with the objective of contributing to effective risk evaluation and assessment of this and related substances. The present review, which is part of a series of st...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/etc.2941
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heavy metals can represent a threat to the health of aquatic ecosystems. Unlike organic chemicals, heavy metals cannot be eliminated by natural processes such as their degradation into less toxic compounds, and this creates unique challenges for their remediation from soil, water, and air. Phytoremediation, defined as...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/etc.4909
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in gastropods from the Lagoon of Venice, Italy. The visceral coil and the rest of the soft body of organisms (Hexaplex trunculus) sampled at two stations inside the lagoon and three ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/05-202r.1
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight propylene glycol substances, ranging from 1,2-propanediol to a poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) having number-average molecular weight (M(n)) of 2,700 (i.e., PPG 2700), were evaluated in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) ready- and seawater biodegradability tests. Uniformity in test pa...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/06-327r.1
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Military activities associated with training have resulted in soil residues of munition compounds and their breakdown products. Often, these areas are valuable habitats used by birds. To evaluate the possibility of adverse effects in birds, the effects from oral exposures of 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT) and 1,3,5-trin...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/06-525.1
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extensive industrial areas in headwater stream watersheds can severely impact the physical condition of streams and introduce contaminants. We compared 3 streams that received stormwater runoff and industrial effluents from industrial complexes to 2 reference streams. Reference streams provide a benchmark of compariso...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4287
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The uptake and toxicity of 2 poly(methylmethacrylate)-based plastic nanoparticles (PNPs) with different surface chemistries (medium and hydrophobic) were assessed using aquatic organisms selected for their relevance based on the environmental behavior of the PNPs. Pure poly(methylmethacrylate) (medium; PMMA PNPs) and ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3076
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diclofenac (DCF) is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is regularly detected in surface waters. To support a robust aquatic risk assessment, two early life stage (ELS) tests, compliant with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 210, were conducted in rainb...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2085
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigates the germination and growth of Triticum aestivum exposed to two different microcystins (microcystin-LR [where the two variable places in the toxin molecule are leucine (L) and arginine (R) (MC-LR)] and microcystin-RR) and to cell-free cyanobacterial crude extract containing MC-LR. The con...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/07-145.1
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The amphipod Hyalella azteca is commonly used as a model for determining safe concentrations of contaminants in freshwaters. The authors sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for representatives of 38 populations of this species complex from US and Canadian toxicology research laborator...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2355
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This is the first of seven papers resulting from a Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) international workshop titled "The Influence of Global Climate Change on the Scientific Foundations and Applications of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry." The workshop involved 36 scientists from 11 count...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2037
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been detected widely in surface waters in North America and Europe. The impact of diclofenac on river biofilm communities was investigated at exposures of 10 and 100 microg L(-1) of diclofenac or its molar equivalent in carbon and nutrients. Experime...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/06-340r.1
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The univariate effects of Ca, pH, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on chronic (48-h) Pb toxicity to the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus were investigated. High pH (8.2) and higher concentrations of DOC were protective against filtered Pb toxicity, whereas Ca was not. However, expressed as the free Pb2+ io...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3480
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Domestic sewage is a major problem in highly urbanized coastal areas worldwide. In the present study, toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) phases I and II were applied to sediment interstitial water from 2 locations along the São Paulo coast in southeastern Brazil: the sewage outfalls from the city of Santos, a de...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3824
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:On release into surface waters, engineered silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) tend to settle to sediments and, consequently, epibenthic fauna will be exposed to them through diet. We established Ag uptake and accumulation profiles over time in the hemolymph of a marine amphipod fed with a formulated feed containing AgNPs or...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4359
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aquatic organisms can take up toxicants from water (aqueous exposure) and from food (dietary exposure), yet current environmental regulations often fail to consider the toxic effects of dietary exposure. Such unrealistic exposure scenarios may lead to ineffective water-quality standards or discharge consents that fail...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/05-316r1.1
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soils and sediments in the floodplain of the Tittabawassee River downstream of Midland, Michigan, USA contain elevated concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD). As a long-lived, resident top predator, the great horned owl (Bubo virginianus; GHO) has the potent...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.291
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
