Abstract：
:Recruitment and mortality of Spartina alterniflora tillers and culms were estimated from measurements of live standing crops at Wallops Island, Virginia. Stands of tall and medium form grass produced from 452 to 1,227 tillers m-2 yr-1 . Those tillered in spring lengthened into culms their first year, while those tillered in late summer and fall may have overwintered and lengthened into culms their second year. Biennial growth was most prevalent in tall form Spartina. Fifty-six to sixty-one percent of all tillers died before lengthening into culms. Of the remainder, 9 to 56% died as culms before the time of flowering. Sixty-three percent of the surviving culms of tall form Spartina flowered, compared to only 14 to 23% in medium form. Mortality of tillers and culms removed 16 to 35% of the annual production of Spartina biomass from live standing crops before the time of flowering.
journal_name
Am J Botjournal_title
American journal of botanyauthors
Reidenbaugh TGdoi
10.1002/j.1537-2197.1983.tb12430.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-01-01 00:00:00pages
47-52issue
1eissn
0002-9122issn
1537-2197journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The origin of polyploid Bromus species of section Genea was investigated using molecular data. This group of annual species native from the Old-World is composed of three diploids, two tetraploids, one hexaploid, and one octoploid. Molecular cloning, sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses were performed on several acce...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.95.4.454
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:General relationships among functional traits have been identified across species, but the forces shaping these relationships remain largely unknown. Adopting an approach from evolutionary biology, we studied similarities and differences in intrapopulation trait correlations among locally co-occurr...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1146
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the role of mother plants as pollen recipients in shaping mating patterns is essential for understanding the evolution of populations and in particular to predict the consequence of habitat fragmentation. Here, we investigated variation in mating patterns due to maternal phenotypic traits, phenological v...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.93.11.1650
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soybean partial-female-sterile mutant 1 (PS-1) was recovered from a gene-tagging study. The objectives were to study the inheritance, linkage, allelism, and certain aspects of the reproductive biology of the PS-1 mutant. For inheritance and linkage tests, PS-1 was crossed to flower color mutant Harosoy-w4 and to chlor...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Eocene caldera-lake beds at Laguna del Hunco (LH, ca. 52.2 Ma) and Río Pichileufú (RP, ca. 47.7 Ma) in Argentine Patagonia provide copious information about the biological history of Gondwana. Several plant genera from these sites are known as fossils from southern Australia and New Zealand and sur...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100367
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atriplex prostrata Boucher, a facultative halophyte, exhibits significant reduction in height and biomass and in the width of the cortex and vascular tissue under saline conditions. Therefore, the goal of this investigation was to determine the effect of salinity on plant growth as well as on the patterns of lignifica...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Pollinator shifts have been implicated as a driver of divergence in angiosperms. We tested the hypothesis that there was a transition from bird- to butterfly pollination in the African genus Clivia (Amaryllidaceae) and investigated how floral traits may have been either modified or retained during ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1300363
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Iris cristata and I. lacustris differ markedly in geographic distribution, glacial history of current ranges, and ecology. We hypothesized that I. cristata, a widespread species of unglaciated regions of eastern North America, would exhibit genetic diversity typical of other widespread plant species, whereas the threa...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epiphytes are ecologically important components of tropical forests worldwide and yet they have been underrepresented in studies of reproductive biology. Given the presumed ephemeral nature of their substrates, and the importance of dispersal and colonization, epiphytes might be expected to undergo substantial inbreed...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phylogenetic relationships of 38 species of the Alibertia group (Rubiaceae) and two outgroup species were investigated using the nuclear ribosomal 5S nontranscribed spacer (5S-NTS) and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS). Analysis of the data sets separately and in combination resulted in several well-supported and...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Populations of heterostylous species are characterized by two or three floral morphs with reciprocal positioning of stigmas and anthers. Theoretical models predict equal morph frequencies (isoplethy) when disassortative mating is prevalent in populations, but biased morph ratios may occur when vari...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1600345
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plant tropisms play a fundamental role in shaping the growth form of plants, and these fascinating movements are the focus of this thematic issue of the American Journal of Botany. The issue includes 16 reviews of the current literature and eight original manuscripts written by a diverse group of international experts...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type：
doi：10.3732/ajb.1200591
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Virtually nothing is known about what actually happens during prolonged dormancy, the period during which significant proportions of geophyte populations do not sprout after seasonal dormancy but remain alive underground, to emerge again 1 or more years later. This study investigated the fate of pe...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1000262
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the role of geography and ecology in species divergence is central to the study of evolutionary diversification. We used climatic, geographic, and biological data from nine wild Andean tomato species to describe each species' ecological niche and to evaluate the likely ecological and geographical modes o...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0900216
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The utility of regression and correspondence models for deducing climate from leaf physiognomy was evaluated by the comparative application of different predictive models to the same three leaf assemblages. Mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), and growing season precipitation (GSP) were esti...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bennettitales is an extinct group of seed plants with reproductive structures that are similar in some respects to both Gnetales and angiosperms, but systematic relationships among the three clades remain controversial. This study summarizes characters of bennettitalean plants and presents new evidence for the structu...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0800209
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Climate change models for California predict a warmer, drier future, potentially resulting in shorter growing seasons. If phenotypic differences between closely related species currently distributed across a moisture and temperature gradient represent adaptations to their abiotic environment, then ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1500108
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Fossilized seeds similar to Cissus (Vitaceae) have been recognized from the Miocene of Kenya, though some were previously assigned to the Menispermaceae. We undertook a comparative survey of extant African Cissus seeds to identify the fossils and consider their implications for the evolution and bi...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1600177
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Documented fossil floras in the neotropics are sparse, yet their records provide evidence on the spatial and temporal occurrence of taxa, allowing for testing of biogeographical and diversification scenarios on individual lineages. A new fossil Piper from the Late Cretaceous of Colombia is describe...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400427
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Climate cycles of the Quaternary have impacted plants at a global scale, leaving behind a complex genetic legacy. Species of the northern Rocky Mountains of North America were exposed to more uniform glacial patterns than the central and southern ranges, where synergistic relationships between temp...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1259
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Terrestrial plant leaves are complex structures of composite materials. Resistance to fracture is achieved by a number of mechanisms, which operate at the molecular, cell, tissue, and structural levels. Leaves of dicots have different venation patterns and cell wall volume fractions from those of grasses, and conseque...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.93.10.1531
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last decade has witnessed a resurgence in the study of the evolution of plant development, combining investigations in systematics, developmental morphology, molecular developmental genetics, and molecular evolution. The integration of phylogenetic studies, structural analyses of fossil and extant taxa, and molecu...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.10.1726
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction between simulated cotyledon herbivory and interspecific competition was studied in a greenhouse experiment using two species of trees, Acer rubrum and Quercus palustris, which commonly invade abandoned agricultural fields. Herbivory treatments were applied as a gradient of cotyledon removal for A. rubr...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:It has been hypothesized that two flower types permit flexible allocation of resources to female and male functions, yet empirical evidence for the sex-allocation hypothesis remains scarce in gynomonoecious species. To characterize resource allocation to pistillate and perfect flowers and allocatio...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1600397
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Despite the efforts to understand the processes that shape neotropical biodiversity, the complexity of certain biomes, such as the Atlantic Forest (AF), prevents the generalization of patterns. Initially, ecological niche modeling (ENM), with phylogeographic studies, identified past stable areas in the central ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1317
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences of the chloroplast genes rcbL and ndhf revealed a highly supported clade composed of the families Plantaginaceae, Callitrichaceae, and Hippuridaceae in close association with the model organism Antirrhinum majus and other members of family Scrophulariaceae. Plantago has miniature...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pattern of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis during lateral root initiation in Marsilea quadrifolia L. was monitored by autoradiography of incorporated of 3H-thymidine, 3H-uridine, and 3H-leucine, respectively. DNA synthesis was associated with the enlargement of the lateral root initial prior to its division. Con...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Woody stems comprise a large biological carbon fraction and determine water transport between roots and leaves; their structure and function can influence both carbon and hydrological cycles. While angiosperm wood anatomy and density determine hydraulic conductivity and mechanical strength, little is known about inter...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0900178
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The eudicot order Malpighiales contains ∼16000 species and is the most poorly resolved large rosid clade. To clarify phylogenetic relationships in the order, we used maximum likelihood, Bayesian, and parsimony analyses of DNA sequence data from 13 gene regions, totaling 15604 bp, and representing all three genomic com...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0800207
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Male-biased herbivory in dioecious species is expected as a consequence of selection for increased resistance (reduced attack) in the sex with higher reproductive costs-females. Empirical support of this prediction is taxonomically restricted and fraught with exceptions. Phenological changes in res...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1200603
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
