Abstract:
:Concentrations of six phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals [4-tert-octylphenol (OP), 4-t-nonylphenol (4-t-NP), 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP), nonylphenol mono- to di-ethoxylates (NP1EO, NP2EO), and bisphenol A (BPA)] and five estrogens [estrone (E1), β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), and diethylstilbestrol (DES)] were determined in surface water and sediment samples collected from the Songhua River in northeast China. Concentrations of sum of five alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates (ΣOP, 4-n-NP, 4-t-NP, NP1EO, NP2EO) were 117-1,030 ng L(-1) (mean 296) in water samples and 25.5-386 ng g(-1) (mean 67.3 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw)) in sediments. Concentrations of BPA in water and sediments were 8.24-263 ng L(-1) (mean 52.0) and 1.60-17.3 ng g(-1) dw (mean 4.90 dw), respectively. Concentrations in water were 0.840-20.8 ng L(-1) (mean 5.03) for the sum of three natural steroidal estrogens (ΣE1, E2, E3) and below detection limit (BDL) at -1.38 ng L(-1) (average 0.200) for the sum of two synthetic estrogens (EE2, ΣDES). Among estrogens, only E1 was detected in all of the sediment samples in the range of 0.100-3.00 ng g(-1) dw. Concentrations of Σphenolic EDCs and Σestrogens in water and sediments and their correlations with total organic carbon indicated that these contaminants originate from similar sources, such as municipal wastewater. In situ [Formula: see text] values and sediment-water fugacity fraction were calculated for the target chemicals, and the results indicated that these chemicals were, in general, supersaturated in sediments relative to those in water.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Zhang Z,Ren N,Kannan K,Nan J,Liu L,Ma W,Qi H,Li Ydoi
10.1007/s00244-014-9998-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-04-01 00:00:00pages
361-9issue
3eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
66pub_type
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