Abstract:
:Population heterogeneity is frequently observed among patients' treatment responses in clinical trials because of various factors such as clinical background, environmental, and genetic factors. Different subpopulations defined by those baseline factors can lead to differences in the benefit or safety profile of a therapeutic intervention. Ignoring heterogeneity between subpopulations can substantially impact on medical practice. One approach to address heterogeneity necessitates designs and analysis of clinical trials with subpopulation selection. Several types of designs have been proposed for different circumstances. In this work, we discuss a class of designs that allow selection of a predefined subgroup. Using the selection based on the maximum test statistics as the worst-case scenario, we then investigate the precision and accuracy of the maximum likelihood estimator at the end of the study via simulations. We find that the required sample size is chiefly determined by the subgroup prevalence and show in simulations that the maximum likelihood estimator for these designs can be substantially biased.
journal_name
Stat Medjournal_title
Statistics in medicineauthors
Chiu YD,Koenig F,Posch M,Jaki Tdoi
10.1002/sim.7925subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-12-20 00:00:00pages
4335-4352issue
29eissn
0277-6715issn
1097-0258journal_volume
37pub_type
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