Abstract：
:Retinal motion can modulate visual sensitivity. For instance, low contrast drifting waveforms (targets) can be easier to detect when abutting the leading edges of movement in adjacent high contrast waveforms (inducers), rather than the trailing edges. This target-inducer interaction is contingent on the adjacent waveforms being consistent with one another - in-phase as opposed to out-of-phase. It has been suggested that this happens because there is a perceptually explicit predictive signal at leading edges of motion that summates with low contrast physical input - a 'predictive summation'. Another possible explanation is a phase sensitive 'spatial summation', a summation of physical inputs spread across the retina (not predictive signals). This should be non-selective in terms of position - it should be evident at leading, adjacent, and at trailing edges of motion. To tease these possibilities apart, we examined target sensitivity at leading, adjacent, and trailing edges of motion. We also examined target sensitivity adjacent to flicker, and for a stimulus that is less susceptible to spatial summation, as it sums to grey across a small retinal expanse. We found evidence for spatial summation in all but the last condition. Finally, we examined sensitivity to an absence of signal at leading and trailing edges of motion, finding greater sensitivity at leading edges. These results are inconsistent with the existence of a perceptually explicit predictive signal in advance of drifting waveforms. Instead, we suggest that phase-contingent target-inducer modulations of sensitivity are explicable in terms of a directionally modulated spatial summation.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Arnold DH,Marinovic W,Whitney Ddoi
10.1016/j.visres.2014.03.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-05-01 00:00:00pages
99-106eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
S0042-6989(14)00050-9journal_volume
98pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:Collinear facilitation is a common phenomenon in the fovea, but it has been recently challenged at the human periphery. Since physiological studies show that facilitation is found at the periphery but only from outside the receptive field, our hypothesis was that facilitation at the periphery exists but from larger ta...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2011.10.008
更新日期：2011-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:We measured the spatial receptive field dimensions of cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) using a bipartite field stimulus in which the two halves of the field were modulated identically but in counterphase. Horizontal and vertical edges between the two fields were...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00041-2
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The temporal dynamics of brightness filling-in were studied through neural network simulation experiments conducted under visual masking stimulus conditions. Grossberg et al. have specified a filling-in model called the Boundary Contour System/Feature Contour System (BCS/FCS). The BCS generates boundary segmentation, ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(94)90071-x
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amblyopia is a visual disorder caused by poorly coordinated binocular input during development. Little is known about the impact of amblyopia on the white matter within the visual system. We studied the properties of six major visual white-matter pathways in a group of adults with amblyopia (n=10) and matched controls...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2014.12.021
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When a horizontal bar is presented after a single dot is shown at one of its ends, an illusory motion is seen which has been dubbed "motion induction" in the literature. The phenomenon has been attributed to a facilitation process which asymmetrically modulates the inputs to motion detectors, for instance by some sort...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00004-7
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is now clear, contrary to previous conclusions, that motion may be conveyed by purely chromatic stimuli. The question considered here is how the mechanisms for assessing motion of luminance and chromatic stimuli differ. The dependence on contrast of amplitude thresholds for the perception of oscillatory motion was ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(99)00044-9
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:STIMULI. The 1st-order stimuli are moving sine gratings. The 2nd-order stimuli are fields of static visual texture, whose contrasts are modulated by moving sine gratings. Neither the spatial slant (orientation) nor the direction of motion of these 2nd-order (microbalanced) stimuli can be detected by a Fourier analysis...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(94)e0077-x
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Movements aimed towards objects occasionally have to be adjusted when the object moves. These online adjustments can be very rapid, occurring in as little as 100ms. More is known about the latency and neural basis of online control of movements to visual than to auditory target objects. We examined the latency of onli...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2015.08.019
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual search can simply be defined as the task of looking for objects of interest in cluttered visual environments. Typically, the human visual system succeeds at this by making a series of rapid eye movements called saccades, interleaved by discrete fixations. However, very little is known on how the brain programs ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2008.10.005
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated whether low-level attentional processes as indicated by saccade trajectories are modulated by higher-order factors as indicated by participants' cultural background. We hypothesized that if the East Asian participants engage in context-dependent attentional processing to a greater extent than t...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2013.03.008
更新日期：2013-05-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The perceived relative position of a moving object is frequently shifted as compared to the relative position of the object in the real world. The illusions have traditionally been explained by temporal models that influence the perceptual latency of visual objects. However, another compelling theory has recently been...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2010.09.021
更新日期：2010-11-23 00:00:00
abstract：:In the ultimate stage of the Adelson-Bergen motion energy model [Adelson, E. H., & Bergen, J. (1985). Spatiotemporal energy models for the perception of motion. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 2, 284-299], motion is derived from the difference between directionally opponent energies E(L) and E(R). However, ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2004.10.018
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Moving stimuli cause the position of flashed stimuli to appear shifted in the direction of motion (position capture). To examine whether position capture depends on low-level motion interactions or perception of integrated object motion, we employed a slit-view display. Two line-drawn diamonds translated horizontally ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00296-1
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Attending to a feature (e.g., color or motion direction) can enhance the early visual processing of that feature. However, it is not known whether one can simultaneously enhance multiple features. We examined people's ability to attend to multiple features in a feature cueing paradigm. Each trial contained two interva...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2012.09.001
更新日期：2013-06-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Pupil responses to light are greatly influenced by initial pupil size. Small pupils, operating under photopic conditions, show tonic responses to step increases of light and high gains; thus the pupil is a good regulator of light. Large pupils, operating under mesopic or scotopic conditions show phasic responses, "pup...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(83)90066-4
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spatio-temporal boundary formation (SBF) refers to a perceptual process responsible for perception of moving, bounded surfaces from sequential changes in spatially separated local elements. Previous research has indicated that this process produces perception of global form, continuous boundaries and global motion fro...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00272-6
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 3-D curvature contrast effect has been reported in shading-and-texture-defined (Curran & Johnson (1996). Vision Research 36, 3641-3653) and in stereoscopically defined (te Pas, Rogers, & Ledgeway (2000). Current Psychology Letters: Brain, Behaviour and Cognition 1, 117-126) stimuli. Our experiments show that a clear...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00208-5
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Camouflage is the primary defense in cuttlefish. The rich repertoire of their body patterns can be categorized into three types: uniform, mottle, and disruptive. Several recent studies have characterized spatial features of substrates responsible for eliciting these body patterns on natural and artificial backgrounds....
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2009.04.002
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two distinct paradigms have characterized most previous studies of texture perception: one has dealt with texture segregation, the other with the processing of texture gradients. Typically, studies of texture segregation have used stimuli with abrupt textural variations, whereas studies of texture gradient processing ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(95)00123-9
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vergence angle and accommodative state were assessed photographically in 3-, 6-, and 12-month old infants. In the dark, fluctuations of vergence and accommodation were generally uncorrelated among all groups. The vergence-accommodation functions obtained in the dark had a mean slope of 0.04. These findings provide evi...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(83)90182-7
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two alternative schemes have been proposed for coding the local direction of stimulus motion in the visual image. The "sequence discrimination" scheme (e.g. Barlow H.B. and Levick W. R., J. Physiol., Lond. 178, 477-504, 1965) uses sequential change in stimulus position over time to infer movement direction; the "spati...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(84)90195-0
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The critical durations for temporal integration at threshold were obtained for lights of various wavelengths, presented both against darkness and against achromatic or chromatic backgrounds of different luminances. The critical duration (tc) was defined by a point of intersection of the two lines with the slopes of ze...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(87)90031-9
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently found that the Rb protein is important for the regulation of retinal progenitor cell proliferation and rod photoreceptor development in the mouse retina. These two functions are separate for Rb and in this study we further characterize the role of Rb in retinal development. At postnatal day 12 in the retin...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2004.08.007
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review we discuss evidence from psychophysical, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging studies that demonstrates the updating of remembered visual space in a reference frame that is centred on the eye. We then extend these findings by discussing recent work from our lab. Specifically, we address eye-centred up...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2011.01.006
更新日期：2011-04-22 00:00:00
abstract：:By presenting oriented Gabor patches either monocularly or binocularly, we dissociated retinal orientation from perceived tilt and perceived slant. After adapting to binocular patches, with zero apparent tilt and non-zero slant, small tilt after-effects (TAEs) and large slant after-effects (SAE) were measured. Adaptin...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00269-9
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present experiments three different motion discrimination tasks were studied using a random dot pattern as stimulus: velocity discrimination, direction discrimination and discrimination of opposite directions. The analysis of the motion of random dot patterns is based on motion sensitive mechanisms without the ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(88)90064-8
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extra-retinal information about eye velocity is thought to play an important role in compensating the retinal motion experienced during an eye movement. Evidently this compensation process is prone to error, since stimulus properties such as contrast and spatial frequency have marked effect on perceived motion with re...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00254-2
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To describe small scotomas in visual field examinations several statistical models are proposed and applied to the evaluation of angioscotoma in 13 ophthalmologically normal subjects. A special perimetric grid is used where thresholds can be estimated along a line of narrow-spaced test points which crosses the predict...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00294-6
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated whether a depth aftereffect is better explained in a surface-based organization of depth representation (Nakayama & Shimojo, 1992), where depth is represented in conjunction with surface features, rather than a coordinate-based organization, where depth is represented in conjunction with spatial positi...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2010.10.018
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the role of saliency in driving observers to fixate the eyes in social scenes. Saliency maps (Itti & Koch, 2000) were computed for the scenes from three previous studies. Saliency provided a poor account of the data. The saliency values for the first-fixated locations were extremely low and no greater than...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2009.09.014
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
