Prenatal diagnosis of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: from ultrasound findings, diagnostic technology to genetic counseling.

Abstract:

PURPOSE:Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a contiguous gene syndrome due to terminal chromosome 4p deletions. We explored prenatal diagnosis of WHS by ultrasound as well as karyotype and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) to characterize the structural variants of WHS prenatally. METHODS:Ten prenatal cases of WHS were evaluated for the indication of the invasive testing, the ultrasound features, and cytogenetic and microarray results. RESULTS:Eight cases were diagnosed by karyotyping and SNP array, while two cases were detected only by SNP array. Combining our cases with 37 prenatal cases from the literature, the most common sonographic features were IUGR (97.7%) and typical facial appearance (82.9%). Other less common phenotypes included renal hypoplasia (36.2%), cardiac malformation (29.8%), cleft lip and palate (25.5%), cerebral abnormalities (25.5%), skeletal anomalies (21.3%), and increased nuchal translucency/nuchal fold thickness (NT/NF) (19%). CONCLUSIONS:The most common intrauterine phenotypes of WHS were severe IUGR and typical facial appearance with other less consistent ultrasound findings. Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is one very promising screening tool for WHS. SNP array can improve diagnostic precision for detecting WHS, especially for the cryptic aberrations that cannot be identified by the traditional karyotyping. Ectopic kidney may be a previously unrecognized phenotype of WHS.

journal_name

Arch Gynecol Obstet

authors

Xing Y,Holder JL Jr,Liu Y,Yuan M,Sun Q,Qu X,Deng L,Zhou J,Yang Y,Guo M,Cheung SW,Sun L

doi

10.1007/s00404-018-4798-1

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-08-01 00:00:00

pages

289-295

issue

2

eissn

0932-0067

issn

1432-0711

pii

10.1007/s00404-018-4798-1

journal_volume

298

pub_type

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