Abstract:
:The use of antibiotics in food-producing animals has significantly increased animal health by lowering mortality and the incidence of diseases. Antibiotics also have largely contributed to increase productivity of farms. However, antibiotic usage in general and relevance of non-therapeutic antibiotics (growth promoters) in feed need to be reevaluated especially because bacterial pathogens of humans and animals have developed and shared a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that can easily be spread within microbial communities. In Canada, poultry production involves more than 2600 regulated chicken producers who have access to several antibiotics approved as feed additives for poultry. Feed recipes and mixtures vary greatly geographically and from one farm to another, making links between use of a specific antibiotic feed additive and production yields or selection of specific antibiotic-resistant bacteria difficult to establish. Many on-farm studies have revealed the widespread presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in broiler chickens. While some reports linked the presence of antibiotic-resistant organisms to the use of feed supplemented with antibiotics, no recent studies could clearly demonstrate the benefit of antimicrobial growth promoters on performance and production yields. With modern biosecurity and hygienic practices, there is a genuine concern that intensive utilization of antibiotics or use of antimicrobial growth promoters in feed might no longer be useful. Public pressure and concerns about food and environmental safety (antibiotic residues, antibiotic-resistant pathogens) have driven researchers to actively look for alternatives to antibiotics. Some of the alternatives include pre- and probiotics, organic acids and essential oils. We will describe here the properties of some bioactive molecules, like those found in cranberry, which have shown interesting polyvalent antibacterial and immuno-stimulatory activities.
journal_name
Front Microbioljournal_title
Frontiers in microbiologyauthors
Diarra MS,Malouin Fdoi
10.3389/fmicb.2014.00282subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-17 00:00:00pages
282issn
1664-302Xjournal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The human enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica leads a cross-kingdom lifestyle, actively colonizing and persisting on plants in between animal hosts. One of the questions that arises from this dual lifestyle is how S. enterica is able to adapt to such divergent hosts. Metabolic pathways required for S. enterica animal...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00695
更新日期:2018-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a ubiquitous, persistent, and carcinogenic pollutant that belongs to the large family of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Population exposure primarily occurs via contaminated food products, which introduces the pollutant to the digestive tract. Although the metabolism of B[a]P by host cells...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01562
更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::In most bacteria, iron plays a vital role in pathogenesis processes. To support survival and infection, Streptococcus pneumoniae has evolved three ABC transporters, PiaABC, PiuABC, and PitABC. Moreover, indirect evidence supports that operon 804 may be a novel ABC transporter in S. pneumoniae. We have recently describ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01769
更新日期:2019-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Legionella pneumophila is a natural intracellular bacterial parasite of free-living freshwater protozoa and an accidental human pathogen that causes Legionnaires' disease. L. pneumophila differentiates, and does it in style. Recent experimental data on L. pneumophila's differentiation point at the existence of a compl...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00670
更新日期:2014-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::The rumen contains a multi-kingdom, commensal microbiome, including protozoa, bacteria, archaea, fungi and viruses, which enables ruminant herbivores to ferment and utilize plant feedstuffs that would be otherwise indigestible. Within the rumen, virus populations are diverse and highly abundant, often out-numbering th...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00450
更新日期:2020-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::Rhizaria are an important component of oceanic plankton communities worldwide. A number of species harbor eukaryotic microalgal symbionts, which are horizontally acquired in the environment at each generation. Although these photosymbioses are determinant for Rhizaria ability to thrive in oceanic ecosystems, the mecha...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00098
更新日期:2015-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::Dengue virus (DENV) infection causes several diseases ranging from dengue fever to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome characterized by endothelial dysfunction, vascular leakage, and shock. Here, we identify a potential mechanism by which DENV induces tissue injury and vascular leakage ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02637
更新日期:2019-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriophage endolysins and bacterial exolysins are capable of enzymatic degradation of the cell wall peptidoglycan layer and thus show promise as a new class of antimicrobials. Both exolysins and endolysins often consist of different modules, which are responsible for enzymatic functions and cell wall binding, respe...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00558
更新日期:2019-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the bacterial microbiomes lodged in the bronchial tree, oropharynx and nose of patients with early stage cystic fibrosis (CF) not using chronic antibiotics, determining their relationships with lung function and exacerbation frequency. CF patients were enrolled in a cohort study during stability and were c...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01463
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium difficile is a common cause of health-care acquired diarrhea, resulting in a spectrum of disease from mild diarrhea to life-threatening illness. Sixty Lactobacillus strains were screened for anti-C. difficile activity using a co-culture method. Based on their ability to inhibit C. difficile, L. gasseri APC...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00273
更新日期:2019-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution frequency of pathogenic fungi associated with root and crown rot of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) from 104 fields in the North China Plain was determined during the period from 2013 to 2016. The four most important species identified were Bipolaris sorokiniana (24.0% from roots; 33.7% from stems), ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01054
更新日期:2018-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::The human vaginal microbiome (VMB) is a complex bacterial community that interacts closely with vaginal epithelial cells (VECs) impacting the mucosal phenotype and its responses to pathogenic insults. The VMB and VEC relationship includes nutrient exchange and regulation of signaling molecules that controls numerous h...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.03340
更新日期:2019-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::The status of intestinal microbiota is a determinant of host health. However, the alteration of the gut microbiota caused by the innate immune response to virus infection is unclear. Caenorhabditis elegans and its natural virus Orsay provide an excellent model of host-virus interactions. We evaluated the intestinal mi...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00933
更新日期:2017-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enterica serotypes are invasive enteric pathogens spread through fecal contamination of food and water sources, and represent a constant public health threat around the world. The symptoms associated with salmonellosis and typhoid disease are largely due to the host response to invading Salmonella, and to t...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2011.00088
更新日期:2011-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Type IV secretion systems (T4SS) are used by a number of bacterial pathogens to attack the host cell. The complex protein structure of the T4SS is used to directly translocate effector proteins into host cells, often causing fatal diseases in humans and animals. Identification of effector proteins is the first step in...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01391
更新日期:2019-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::Babesia species are tick-borne intraerythrocytic protozoa that cause babesiosis in humans worldwide. No vaccine has yet proven effective against Babesia infection. Surface antigens of merozoites are involved in the invasion of erythrocytes by Babesia. Surface antigens may be presented by both babesial sporozoites and ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02545
更新日期:2017-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro and in vivo research based on cell lines and animals are likely to be insufficient in elucidating authentic biological and physiological phenomena mimicking human systems, especially for generating pre-clinical data on targets and biomarkers. There is an obvious need for a model that can further bridge the ga...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02685
更新日期:2018-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Host population density is positively associated with the strength of social interactions or the frequency of physical contacts, and thus potentially influences microbial transmission among individuals. However, the relationship between host density and gut microbiota remains unknown. Here, we characterized the gut mi...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00758
更新日期:2016-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcal species are Gram-positive bacteria involved in severe and invasive diseases in humans and animals. Although, this group includes different pathogenic species involved in life-threatening infections for humans, it also includes beneficial species, such as Streptococcus thermophilus, which is used in yogur...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01161
更新日期:2016-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::Group B Streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) is a leading cause of sepsis in neonates and pregnant mothers worldwide. Whereas the hyper-virulent serogroup III clonal cluster 17 has been associated with neonatal disease and meningitis, serogroup III ST283 was recently implicated in invasive disease among non-p...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00010
更新日期:2019-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also called human herpesvirus 8, belongs to the gamma herpesviruses and is the etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and some types of multicentric Castleman's disease. In vivo, KSHV mainly infects B cells and endothelial cells. The interactio...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2011.00271
更新日期:2012-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::The intestinal microbiome influences the health of animals. However, little is known about the impact of indoor conditions and sex on intestinal microbiome diversity and composition in ducks. The present study aimed to investigate differences in the cecal microbiome between male and female ducks reared on the floor (P...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.565367
更新日期:2020-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Simultaneous use of both heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism ("mixotrophy") is common among protists. Strombidium rassoulzadegani is a planktonic mixotrophic marine ciliate that saves chloroplasts from its algal food and obtains a nutritional subsidy via photosynthesis. Cultures from the northeast, northwest, and...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00321
更新日期:2012-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined fungal diversity and composition in conventional (CM) and desert farming (DE) systems in Oman. Fungal diversity in the rhizosphere of tomato was assessed using 454-pyrosequencing and culture-based techniques. Both techniques produced variable results in terms of fungal diversity, with 25% of the fu...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01462
更新日期:2017-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::The gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis (Ft) is both a potential biological weapon and a naturally occurring microbe that survives in arthropods, fresh water amoeba, and mammals with distinct phenotypes in various environments. Previously, we used a number of measurements to characterize Ft grown in Brain-H...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01158
更新日期:2017-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::A method for the extraction of nucleic acids from a wide range of environmental samples was developed. This method consists of several modules, which can be individually modified to maximize yields in extractions of DNA and RNA or separations of DNA pools. Modules were designed based on elaborate tests, in which permu...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00476
更新日期:2015-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::Syntrophic methanogenesis is an essential link in the global carbon cycle and a key bioprocess for the disposal of organic waste and production of biogas. Recent studies suggest direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) is involved in electron exchange in methanogenesis occurring in paddy soils, anaerobic digesters...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01316
更新日期:2016-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::Sphingomonas wittichii RW1 is a bacterium isolated for its ability to degrade the xenobiotic compounds dibenzodioxin and dibenzofuran (DBF). A number of genes involved in DBF degradation have been previously characterized, such as the dxn cluster, dbfB, and the electron transfer components fdx1, fdx3, and redA2. Here ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00300
更新日期:2012-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::The commensal fungus Candida albicans is the major cause of fungal systemic infection in immuno-compromised patients, with a mortality rate approaching 50% in the case of bloodstream infections. There is therefore a clear need to better understand fungal biology during infection to improve treatment. One of the partic...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00873
更新日期:2017-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Viral infections by sexual and droplet transmission routes typically spread through a complex host-to-host contact network. Clarifying the transmission network and epidemiological parameters affecting the variations and dynamics of a specific pathogen is a major issue in the control of infectious diseases. However, co...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00278
更新日期:2012-07-31 00:00:00