Design and characterization of α-lipoic acyl shikonin ester twin drugs as tubulin and PDK1 dual inhibitors.

Abstract:

:Shikonin exhibits powerful anticancer activities for various cancer cells, but its poor solubility and strong toxicity hinder its development as clinical anticancer agent. We previously confirmed that shikonin and its derivatives can disturb mitosis through targeting tubulin. In this study, α-lipoic acid, the naturally-occurring co-factor of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), was introduced into shikonin to design the twin drugs against both mitosis (tubulin) and glycolysis (PDK). 18 kinds of α-lipoic acid shikonin ester derivatives were achieved through three rounds of screening process performed by computer assistant drug design method, being designated as the outstanding compounds. Among them, 1c displayed the most potent cytotoxicity towards cervical cancer cells (HeLa) with an IC50 value of 3.14 ± 0.58 μM and inhibited xenotransplanted tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. Further pharmacologic study demonstrated that 1c can cause cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase as tubulin polymerization inhibitor. Moreover, it also showed good PDK1 inhibitory activity, promoting PDH activity and forced HeLa cells to process more aerobic metabolism to undergo cell apoptosis. We reported here the first dual inhibitors of tubulin and PDK1 based on shikonin. It may form a basis for shikonin optimization through twin drug design framework for the discovery of new and potent shikonin derivatives in the study of targeted cancer therapy.

journal_name

Eur J Med Chem

authors

Lin HY,Han HW,Sun WX,Yang YS,Tang CY,Lu GH,Qi JL,Wang XM,Yang YH

doi

10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.019

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-01-20 00:00:00

pages

137-150

eissn

0223-5234

issn

1768-3254

pii

S0223-5234(17)31025-5

journal_volume

144

pub_type

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