Abstract:
:Age is known to affect prefrontal brain structure and executive functioning in healthy older adults, patients with neurodegenerative conditions and TBI. Yet, no studies appear to have systematically investigated the effect of age on cognitive performance in patients with focal lesions. We investigated the effect of age on the cognitive performance of a large sample of tumour and stroke patients with focal unilateral, frontal (n=68), or non-frontal lesions (n=45) and healthy controls (n=52). We retrospectively reviewed their cross sectional cognitive and imaging data. In our frontal patients, age significantly predicted the magnitude of their impairment on two executive tests (Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices, RAPM and the Stroop test) but not on nominal (Graded Naming Test, GNT) or perceptual (Incomplete Letters) task. In our non-frontal patients, age did not predict the magnitude of their impairment on the RAPM and GNT. Furthermore, the exacerbated executive impairment observed in our frontal patients manifested itself from middle age. We found that only age consistently predicted the exacerbated executive impairment. Lesions to specific frontal areas, or an increase in global brain atrophy or white matter abnormalities were not associated with this impairment. Our results are in line with the notion that the frontal cortex plays a critical role in aging to counteract cognitive and neuronal decline. We suggest that the combined effect of aging and frontal lesions impairs the frontal cortical systems by causing its computational power to fall below the threshold needed to complete executive tasks successfully.
journal_name
Neuropsychologiajournal_title
Neuropsychologiaauthors
Cipolotti L,Healy C,Chan E,MacPherson SE,White M,Woollett K,Turner M,Robinson G,Spanò B,Bozzali M,Shallice Tdoi
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.06.011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-08-01 00:00:00pages
233-41eissn
0028-3932issn
1873-3514pii
S0028-3932(15)30058-0journal_volume
75pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Our objective was to study the neural correlates of naming of newly learned unfamiliar objects in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and in age-matched controls, by using positron emission tomography (PET). Prior to the PET scanning, each subject underwent a 4-day long training period in which 40 names of r...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.02.003
更新日期:2007-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::The recent development of noninvasive methods for measuring local rates of energy metabolism or blood flow in the brain has made it possible to investigate functional neuroanatomy in healthy human subjects. The best of these methods, high resolution measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with positron emis...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(91)90009-w
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research has consistently shown that the left parietal cortex is critical for numerical processing, but the role of the right parietal lobe has been much less clear. This study used the intraoperative cortical electrical stimulation approach to investigate neural dissociation in the right parietal cortex for ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.06.015
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies converge in indicating a substantial similarity of the rules and mechanisms underlying execution, observation and imagery of actions, along with a large overlapping of their neural substrates. Recent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have demonstrated a muscle-specific facilitation of the observe...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.04.019
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An embedded figures task was used to investigate hemispheric specialization for visual parsing. Error data from 40 normal right-handed males revealed a right-hemisphere advantage for parsing governed by the Gestalt laws of organization. In contrast, for parsing that violated those laws, subjects who could perform such...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(89)90100-0
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A critical issue related to the notion of identity concerns our ability to discriminate between internally and externally generated stimuli. This basic mechanism likely relies on perceptual and motor information, and requires that both motor plans and the resulting activity be continuously mapped on a reliable body re...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.10.008
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging impacts memory formation and the engagement of frontal and medial temporal regions. However, much of the research to date has focused on the encoding of neutral verbal and visual information. The present fMRI study investigated age differences in a social encoding task while participants made judgments about the...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.09.006
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Affect sharing and prosocial motivation are integral parts of empathy that are conceptually and mechanistically distinct. We used a neurodegenerative disease (NDG) lesion model to examine the neural correlates of these two aspects of real-world empathic responding. The study enrolled 275 participants, including 44 hea...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.02.010
更新日期:2018-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial memory is one of the most important cognitive functions in daily life, enabling us to locate objects in our environment or to learn a route or a path. In the present study, we elaborated on the hypothesis that human spatial memory consists of multiple sub-processes, relying on different brain structures. There...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(01)00199-3
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with presumed cerebral vasculitis showed preserved single digit multiplication facts and impaired single digit subtraction facts. Her ability to comprehend and manipulate numerical quantities was intact. Detailed analysis of her MRI-scan revealed a lesion involving the left parietal lobe including the supram...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00036-2
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of people with memory impairments have shown that a specific set of brain structures in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) is vital for memory function. However, whether these structures have a role outside of memory remains contentious. Recent studies of amnesic patients with damage to two structures within the M...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.11.003
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study used the flanker task [Percept. Psychophys. 16 (1974) 143] to identify neural structures that support response selection processes, and to determine which of these structures respond differently depending on the type of stimulus material associated with the response. Participants performed two versio...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00040-x
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior neuroimaging research has implicated regions within and near the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) in the visual processing of biological motion and of the intentions implied by specific movements. However, it is unknown whether this region is engaged during the processing of human motion at a conceptual...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.01.028
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frontal dynamic aphasia is characterised by a profound reduction in spontaneous speech despite well-preserved naming, repetition and comprehension. Since Luria (1966, 1970) designated this term, two main forms of dynamic aphasia have been identified: one, a language-specific selection deficit at the level of word/sent...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.08.001
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interactive activation models of lexical access assume that the presentation of a given word activates not only its lexical representation but also those corresponding to words similar in form. Current theories are based on data from oral and written languages, and therefore signed languages represent a special challe...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.02.018
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lip-read speech is integrated with heard speech at various neural levels. Here, we investigated the extent to which lip-read induced modulations of the auditory N1 and P2 (measured with EEG) are indicative of speech-specific audiovisual integration, and we explored to what extent the ERPs were modulated by phonetic au...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.11.011
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroimaging studies show that permanent peripheral lesions such as unilateral deafness cause functional reorganization in the auditory pathways. However, functional reorganization of the auditory pathways as a result of higher-level damage or abnormalities remains poorly investigated. A relatively recent behavioural ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.10.023
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with homonymous hemianopia may report the completion of forms that overlap the vertical meridian of their field defects. While previous investigations of "hemianopic completion" have variously attributed to the disorder to inattention, residual vision or unstable fixation, we believe that our investigation ha...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.01.036
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing perceived hand size using magnifying lenses improves tactile discrimination and motor performance in neurologically-intact individuals. We tested whether magnification of the hand can improve motor function in individuals with chronic stroke. Twenty-five individuals with a history of stroke more than 6 mont...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.08.029
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence suggests that lifelong bilingualism may contribute to cognitive reserve (CR) in normal aging. However, there is currently no neuroimaging evidence to suggest that lifelong bilinguals can retain normal cognitive functioning in the face of age-related neurodegeneration. Here we explored this issue by com...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.09.037
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although many individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) perform well on standard neuropsychological tests, they often exhibit marked functional difficulties. The functions which are impaired seem to be analogous to the role of the central executive system (CES) in Baddeley's [Working Memory, 1986, Oxford Universit...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(97)00082-1
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It was predicted that right-hemisphere lesions cause a more marked deficit of shallow incidental memory than deep incidental or deliberate memory, the degree of the deficits being reversed after left-hemisphere lesions. This hypothesis was studied by measuring memory for words and faces in brain-damaged patients and n...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(87)90133-3
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A growing body of evidence suggests that the amygdala is central to handling the demands of complex social life in primates. In this paper, we synthesize extant anatomical and functional data from rodents, monkeys, and humans to describe the topography of three partially distinct large-scale brain networks anchored in...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.08.013
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In statistics and machine learning, model accuracy is traded off with complexity, which can be viewed as the amount of information extracted from the data. Here, we discuss how cognitive costs can be expressed in terms of similar information costs, i.e. as a function of the amount of information required to update a p...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.09.013
更新日期:2019-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::The association between deficits in emotion-related learning, conceptual set shifting, and behavioral problems was investigated in individuals with substantial prenatal alcohol exposure. Twenty subjects with confirmed prenatal alcohol exposure (10 of whom were diagnosed as having Fetal Alcohol Syndrome) and 20 normal ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(01)00002-1
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is characterized by bilateral parieto-occipito-temporal atrophy and hypometabolism. Neuropsychological impairments include complex visual disturbances, alexia, agraphia, finger agnosia, right-left disorientation and dyscalculia. A recent case study reported severe numerical deficits wi...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.02.007
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of arrows, eye gaze, and digits presented as irrelevant flankers in a line bisection task that was administered to 17 right brain damaged patients with or without left neglect. The rightward bias of neglect patients was selectively modulated by the direction of eye gaze and by the magnitude...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.08.019
更新日期:2008-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::Conclusions about the duration of hippocampal contributions to our autobiographical record of personal episodes have come under intense scrutiny in recent years. Interpretation is complicated by such factors as extent and site of lesions as well as test sensitivity. We describe the case of an amnesic person, K.C., wit...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.04.010
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Applying a weak electrical current to the cortex has the potential to modulate neural functioning and behaviour. The most common stimulation technique, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), has been used for causal investigations of brain and cognitive functioning, and to treat psychiatric conditions such as...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107433
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Findings of pharmacological studies that have investigated the involvement of specific regions of the brain in recognition memory are reviewed. The particular emphasis of the review concerns what such studies indicate concerning the role of the perirhinal cortex in recognition memory. Most of the studies involve rats ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.07.034
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00