Abstract:
:Nitrogen (N) losses constrain rates of plant carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and storage in many ecosystems globally. N isotope models have been used to infer that ~30 % of terrestrial N losses occur via microbial denitrification; however, this approach assumes a small isotope effect associated with N leaching losses. Past work across tropical/sub-tropical forest sites has confirmed this expectation; however, the stable N isotope ratio (δ(15)N) of ecosystem leaching has yet to be systematically evaluated in seasonally dry climates or across major ecosystem disturbances. We here present new measurements of the δ(15)N of total dissolved N (TDN) in small streams, bulk deposition, and soil pools across eight watershed sites in California, including grassland, chaparral, and coastal redwood forest ecosystems, with and without fire, grazing, and forest harvesting. Regardless of the dominant vegetation type or disturbance regime, average δ(15)N of TDN in stream water differed only slightly (<~1 ‰) from that of bulk soil δ(15)N, revealing a uniformly small isotope effect associated with N leaching losses even under non-steady state conditions. Rather, lower input δ(15)N compared to TDN δ(15)N in streams pointed to fractionations via gaseous loss pathways as the dominant mechanism behind soil δ(15)N enrichment. We conclude that N leaching does not impart a major isotope effect across a broad range of ecosystems and conditions examined, thereby advancing the N gas-loss hypothesis as the principal explanation for variation in bulk soil δ(15)N.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Mnich ME,Houlton BZdoi
10.1007/s00442-015-3433-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-06-01 00:00:00pages
323-33issue
2eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/s00442-015-3433-0journal_volume
181pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::1. In an attempt to evaluate the importance of individual daily habits to a freeliving animal, foraging behaviour of kestrels was observed continuously for days in sequence in open country. Data obtained in 2,942 observation hours were used. Flight-hunting was the prominent foraging technique yielding 76% of all prey ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344982
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Juvenile habitat use and early life migratory behaviors of successfully recruited adult fish provide unique insight into critical habitats for a population, and this information allows restoration plans to be tailored to maximize benefits. Retrospective analysis of adult otolith chemistry combined with fish-otolith gr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3443-y
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the stream-dwelling isopod Lirceus fontinalis, males and females engage in a precopulatory mate guarding phase prior to mating. We examined the energetic costs of mate guarding behavior in males by separately assaying glycogen and lipid content at different time increments following mating. We found that males that...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328595
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acoustic behaviour of 15 sympatric and synchronically breeding species of frogs in an area of floating meadows near Manaus (Brazil) was studied for a period of 8 months. The calling positions of each species can be identified with certain physiognomic types of vegetation.Sound analyses were used to compare the mat...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345990
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of temperature changes on phytoplankton communities seem to be highly context-specific, but few studies have analyzed whether this context specificity depends on differences in the abiotic conditions or in species composition between studies. We present an experiment that allows disentangling the contribution ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3693-3
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explored whether a variation in predation and habitat complexity between conspecific populations can drive qualitatively different numerical dynamics in those populations. We considered two disjunct populations of the least killifish, Heterandria formosa, that exhibit long-term differences in density, top fish pred...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-005-0306-y
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bythotrephes cederstroemii Schoedler, a predatory freshwater zooplankter (Crustacea: Cladocera), was first found in the Laurentian Great Lakes in December 1984. The first individuals were from Lake Huron, followed in 1985 with records from Lakes Erie and Ontario. By late August, 1986 the species had spread to southern...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378947
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leaves of birch (Betula pendula Roth) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) were initiated and grown either in a simulated shadelight (80 μmol m-2 s-1, R/FR ratio 0.28)/dark photoenvironment or a white light (250 μmol m-2 s-1, R/FR>1)/dark photoenvironment. Until the leaves were more than 50% expanded, growth rates (m...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00410367
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In plagiotropic plants, axillary buds on the stolon can be exposed to low red:far-red (R:FR) ratios, while the leaves may be positioned in the uppermost layer of the sward where they are exposed to a high R:FR ratio. We tested whether the light environment of unfolded leaves influences outgrowth of the axillary buds a...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050263
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pace-of-life syndrome describes covariation between life-history, behavioral and physiological traits; while, the emerging behavioral-bioenergetics theory proposes mechanistic links between those traits in a spatial-ecological context. However, little is known about the association between the limits to metabolic ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04704-x
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent discussions on scaling issues in ecology have emphasized that processes acting at a wide range of spatial and temporal scales influence ecosystems and thus there is no appropriate single scale at which ecological processes should be studied. This may be particularly true for environmental disturbances (e.g. El ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1452-8
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data on flower colour polymorphism were recorded for 341 of some 426 species of Erica occurring in the south-western Cape, South Africa. Thirty-eight per cent of these Erica species are colour polymorphic, the incidence of polymorphism being greater than expected for ornithophilous species and lower than expected for ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379677
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a North Carolina population of Diamorpha smallii, densities were artificially manipulated by thinning stands to predetermined densities. Individuals in areas of high density produce fewer seeds than individuals at low density in the same habitat. Three components of fecundity, the number of flowers per plant, the n...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344643
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physiological integration of connected plants of the same clone, or ramets, often increases clonal fitness when ramets differ in resource supply. However, review of the literature found that no study has directly tested the hypothesis that integration can increase the ability of clones to compete against other species...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04823-5
更新日期:2021-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::The decline of riparian Eucalyptus camphora/E. ovata stands is examined in relation to an increase in nitrogen availability and to rising salinity in low-lying areas. There are several indications that declining stands are abnormally rich in N: (i) Nitrogen availability in declining stands was greater than that record...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00341475
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Future climate scenarios forecast a 10-50% decline in rainfall in Eastern Amazonia. Altered precipitation patterns may change important ecosystem functions like decomposition through either changes in physical and chemical processes or shifts in the activity and/or composition of species. We experimentally manipulated...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-018-4123-5
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Intake of food, fat, protein and carbohydrates and their fecal output were recorded during the annual body weight cycle of the garden warbler, and old-world longdistance migratory bird species, and the efficiencies of food and nutrient utilization, defined as the ratio (intake-fecal output)/intake, were calculated. ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379483
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The apparent energy of activation (E a), Michaelis-Menten constant (K mfor oxaloacetate), V max/K mratios and specific activities of NADP+-malate dehydrogenase (NADP+-MDH; EC 1.1.1.82) were analyzed in plants of Barnyard grass from Québec (QUE) and Mississippi (MISS) acclimated to two thermoperiods 28/22°C, 21/15°C, a...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377023
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integrative studies of plant-animal interactions that incorporate the multiple effects of interactions are important for discerning the importance of each factor within the population dynamics of a plant species. The low regeneration capacity of many Acacia species in arid savannas is a consequence of a combination of...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-011-1964-6
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relation between daily maximal rates of net photosynthesis and plant water status was studied during a dry season on irrigated and non-irrigated, naturally growing, perennial wild plants.Species were examined which differ in phenology, leaf anatomy and morphology: Hammada scoparia, Artemisia herba-alba, Zygophyllu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346700
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::For unicellular organisms, a lack of effects of local species richness on ecosystem function has been proposed due to their locally high species richness and their ubiquitous distribution. High dispersal ability and high individual numbers may enable unicellular taxa to occur everywhere. Using our own and published da...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000492
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The seasonal changes in plant community architecture and its importance to insect herbivores during the ruderal-early stages of an experimental secondary successional gradient are described. The dominant group of insect herbivores, the Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera: Homoptera) are considered together with their host plan...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378218
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four colonies of the desert leaf-cutter ant Acromyrmex versicolor versicolor (Pergande) located 30 miles N.E. of Tempe, Arizona were observed over a 7 month period. The ants utilized trails in foraging, a characteristic of higher attines, as well as foraging singly, a typical pattern among the more primitive gardeners...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00364324
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Net photosynthesis (10 klx light intensity, 150 μE m-2 s-1 PAR) and dark respiration of the lichen Ramalina maciformis at different temperatures are measured in relation to thallus water content. Both first increase with increasing hydration. Dark respiration then remains constant with increased water content until th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346710
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intensity of resource exploitation by phytophagous insects is usually considered to reflect population size. For populations of two flowerhead-attacking tephritid flies, however, the resources utilised were not related to the numbers of searching adults. Tephritis bardanae Schrank attacked 11-13% of the total flow...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00318315
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tree population size structures and dispersion patterns were studied using stem maps in three old-growth western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla Sarg.)-western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn.) stands in the Rocky Mountains of northern Idaho and adjacent Washington. The two species were codominant in one stand, hemlock domin...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379473
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transplants of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were grown isolated from each other and in pairs placed at different distances apart. The paired plants developed asymmetrically and at the interface between paired clones both the density of nodes and of stolons appeared to reach ceiling values that were of the same o...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377157
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the idea that variation in forelimb length among male anurans influences reproductive success, and does so independently of body size. Analyses of covariance and multivariate analyses of morphological data for five species of explosives breeders are used to test the prediction that for species in w...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377623
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population dynamics of Antarctic seabirds are influenced by variations in winter sea ice extent and persistence; however, the type of relationship differs according to the region and the demographic parameter considered. We used annual presence/absence data obtained from 1,138 individually marked birds to study th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1387-9
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cottonwoods are dominant riparian trees of the western United States and are known for their propensity to hybridize. We compared the decomposition of leaf litter from two species (Populus angustifolia and P. fremontii) and their hybrids. Three patterns were found. First, in one terrestrial and two aquatic experiments...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050994
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00