Abstract:
:In a North Carolina population of Diamorpha smallii, densities were artificially manipulated by thinning stands to predetermined densities. Individuals in areas of high density produce fewer seeds than individuals at low density in the same habitat. Three components of fecundity, the number of flowers per plant, the number of fruits per plant, and the number of seeds per fruit, were negatively correlated with density. The relationship of components of fecundity to density were used to develop a model of population regulation for this species. These results and predictions from the model are discussed in relation to other density studies.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Clay K,Shaw Rdoi
10.1007/BF00344643subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-10-01 00:00:00pages
1-6issue
1eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00344643journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Carbon dioxide exchange patterns of prickly-pear cactus (Opuntia phaeacantha var. discata) were studied throughout the year to determine temperature influences on and seasonal responses of the process. Cacti exhibit CAM which permits nighttime carboxylation of CO2 to malate and daytime decarboxylation of malate to CO2...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345432
更新日期:1974-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Larger nymphs within aquatic insect taxa have been frequently observed to be transported down-stream in the stream drift only at night. Others have hypothesized this pattern results primarily from large nymphs' behavioural avoidance of entering drift during daylight, when size-selective, visually-feeding fish predator...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317723
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of simulated goose grazing on Phleum pratense plants were tested in an Iceland hayfield during the spring goose staging period (19 April-11 May 1997). Plants in an area exclosed from the influence of grazing and the nutrient effects of goose faeces were subject to the removal of the youngest lamina once, t...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050574
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatiotemporal patchiness in the soil environment is thought to be crucial for the maintenance of soil biodiversity. It provides diverse microhabitats (allowing resource partitioning), and presents these in a complex mosaic, such that competitors may be spatially and temporally separated (promoting patch dynamics). Th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000468
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1989, 313 foraging flights of common terns in the Wadden Sea were radio-tracked. The feeding trips lasted on average 115 min covering about 30 km per flight. Completely tracked flights had a mean radius of 6.3 km. The terns preferred distinct foraging areas in the Wadden Sea. These were visited at site-specific pha...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317883
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant interactions with mutualists and antagonists vary remarkably across space, and have played key roles in the ecology and evolution of flowering plants. One dominant form of spatial variation is human modification of the landscape, including urbanization and suburbanization. Our goal was to assess how suburbanizat...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2797-2
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Existing models of microtine population regulation and life history evolution rely on data derived from empirical studies which assume spatial homogeneity of the sampling unit, and infer that population dynamics can be described adequately by aggregation of individuals differing in sex, age and social status. These as...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378834
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although host preferences in phytophagous insects may be generated by several factors, few studies have simultaneously examined several potential host choice determinants. In this study we tested the impact of the following potential host choice determinants on host preference of the semi-aquatic lepidopteran Munroess...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420100662
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Intake of food, fat, protein and carbohydrates and their fecal output were recorded during the annual body weight cycle of the garden warbler, and old-world longdistance migratory bird species, and the efficiencies of food and nutrient utilization, defined as the ratio (intake-fecal output)/intake, were calculated. ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379483
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we investigated whether free-living insectivorous water pipits (Anthus spinoletta) choose prey according to biochemical quality as measured by protein, lipid, carbohydrate, energy and water contents and/or according to profitability as measured by density, size and catchability. Food preference - expres...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050884
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the sessile hermit crab Discorsopagurus schmitti, four different feeding techniques are described: antennary beating, body-trap feeding, feeding on wafting particles, and scraping. This species' potential for being a generalist in its diet and opportunistic in its foraging behavior certainly opened the way for a se...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00341465
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::C(4) plants are rare in cool climates, an ecological pattern attributable to their poor photosynthetic performance at low temperatures relative to C(3) species. However, some C(4) species are able to persist at high latitudes and high elevations, possibly due to the characteristics of the particular microsites they in...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1369-2
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To improve the understanding of how native plant diversity influences invasion, we examined how population and community diversity may directly and indirectly be related to invasion in a natural field setting. Due to the large impact of the dominant C(4) grass species (Andropogon gerardii) on invasion resistance of ta...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-011-2157-z
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variation in plant resistance to pathogen infection is commonly observed in interactions between wild plants and their foliar pathogens. Models of host-pathogen interactions indicate that a large cost of infection is generally necessary to maintain this variation, yet there is limited evidence that foliar pathogens ca...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0631-9
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of facilitative processes due to the presence of nitrogen-fixing legumes in temperate grasslands is a contentious issue in biodiversity experiments. Despite a multitude of studies of fertilization effects of legumes on associated nonfixers in agricultural systems, we know little about the dynamics in mo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0576-z
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We deal with the causes of the synchronously fluctuating numbers of subpopulations of the carabid species Calathus melanocephalus as compared with the asynchronously fluctuating numbers of subpopulations of the carabid Pterostichus versicolor. Both species continuously occupy a large heath area, Dwingelder Veld (1600 ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317690
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three-to-five-year population oscillations of northern small rodents are usually synchronous over hundreds of square kilometers. This regional synchrony could be due to similarity in climatic factors, or due to nomadic predators reducing the patches of high prey density close to the average density of a larger area. W...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00333938
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although ontogenetic changes in the carbon isotope ratios of marine fauna have been well studied those of freshwater organisms have not. As a result, we may have a less than adequate assessment of the incorporation of allochthonous detritus into freshwater foodwebs. This study found a δ13C range of 9‰ for crayfish (Or...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00327908
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In arctic tundra soil, oxygen depletion associated with soil flooding may control plant growth either directly through anoxia or indirectly through effects on nutrient availability. This study was designed to evaluate whether plant growth and physiology of two arctic sedge species are more strongly controlled by the d...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328369
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Convergent growth regulation, where individuals adjust their growth trajectories to reach a targeted final body size, has been reported for many arthropod taxa. Divergent growth, where larger individuals grow proportionately more than smaller individuals, is seldom observed. Most studies based their conclusions on gro...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420100639
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Populations ofDipodomys microps andD. merriami in eastern California (37°11'N. Lat.) are active on the surface throughout the night and during the whole year. These two species, and the males and females within each species, show no significant differences in times of beginning or end of activity. Beginning and end of...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00572754
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early models of hostplant exploitation by phytophagous insects suffer from unwarranted assumptions and may not be generally applicable. Wordmodels of the co-evolutionary approach may assume unwarranted evolutionary stability in 'strategic' explanations, whilst mathematical models derived from earlier optimal-diet stud...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00541116
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seeds dispersed by tropical, arboreal mammals are usually deposited singly and without dung or in clumps of fecal material. After dispersal through defecation by mammals, most seeds are secondarily dispersed by dung beetles or consumed by rodents. These post-dispersal, plant-animal interactions are likely to interact ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1480-4
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mediterranean evergreen forests of Corsica are characterized by relatively high species diversity of arthropods with low population densities. Food is never superabundant for Corsican blue tits Parus caeruleus. This study focused on the composition of the food of blue tit nestlings and especially on two main component...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317863
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the inventory of ant heaps of the group Formica rufa, performed in the years 1972-73 in the Wielkopolski National Park near Poznań, it was found that the vegetal cover composition, determining to a large extent phytosociologic associations, is likely not so important to ants as the dominant stand. First of all,...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00368854
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to understand differences in tree response to meteorological drought among species and soil types at two ecotone forests in northern Arizona, the pinyon-juniper woodland/ponderosa pine ecotone, and the higher elevation, wetter, ponderosa pine/mixed conifer ecotone. We used two approaches that provide differe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1585-4
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population dynamics of Antarctic seabirds are influenced by variations in winter sea ice extent and persistence; however, the type of relationship differs according to the region and the demographic parameter considered. We used annual presence/absence data obtained from 1,138 individually marked birds to study th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1387-9
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ostracod Cyprideis torosa Jones, 1850 is a dominant species in the meiofauna of brackish water habitats. Its production in the field over a five-year period has been calculated using two production models. The first model uses the age-distribution of shells preserved in the sediment to assess the stage-specific mo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00385231
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies with Nasutitermes and Rhynchotermes (Isoptera, Nasutitermitinae) in a Costa Rican rainforest suggest that nitrogen fixation by gut symbionts may play a significant role in termite nutrition. Leaf-litter feeders ingest more and fix less nitrogen than do wood-litter feeders; both species feed preferentially on N...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346270
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The responses to drought of the solar tracking winter annualLupinus arizonicus (Wats.) were examined under field and laboratory growth regimes. Under drought conditions tracking movements were maintained until the plant reached the wilting point. The leaves and leaflets were observed to cup in response to decreases in...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00572673
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00