Early craniometric tools as a predecessor to neurosurgical stereotaxis.

Abstract:

:In this paper the authors trace the history of early craniometry, referring to the technique of obtaining cranial measurements for the accurate correlation of external skull landmarks to specific brain regions. Largely drawing on methods from the newly emerging fields of physical anthropology and phrenology in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, basic mathematical concepts were combined with simplistic (yet at the time, innovative) mechanical tools, leading to the first known attempts at craniocerebral topography. It is important to acknowledge the pioneers of this pre-imaging epoch, who applied creativity and ingenuity to tackle the challenge of reproducibly and reliably accessing a specific target in the brain. In particular, with the emergence of Broca's theory of cortical localization, in vivo craniometric tools, and the introduction of 3D coordinate systems, several innovative devices were conceived that subsequently paved the way for modern-day stereotactic techniques. In this context, the authors present a comprehensive and systematic review of the most popular craniometric tools developed during this time period (prior to the stereotactic era) for the purposes of craniocerebral measurement and target localization.

journal_name

J Neurosurg

journal_title

Journal of neurosurgery

authors

Serletis D,Pait TG

doi

10.3171/2015.6.JNS15424

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1867-74

issue

6

eissn

0022-3085

issn

1933-0693

journal_volume

124

pub_type

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