An improved substrate cocktail for assessing direct inhibition and time-dependent inhibition of multiple cytochrome P450s.

Abstract:

AIM:The substrate cocktail is frequently used to evaluate cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme-mediated drug interactions and potential interactions among the probe substrates. Here, we re-optimized the substrate cocktail method to increase the reliability and accuracy of screening for candidate compounds and expanded the method from a direct CYP inhibition assay to a time-dependent inhibition (TDI) assay. METHODS:In the reaction mixtures containing human liver microsome (0.1 mg/mL), both the concentrations of a substrate cocktail (phenacetin for 1A2, coumarin for 2A6, bupropion for 2B6, diclofenac for 2C9, dextromethorphan for 2D6, and testosterone for 3A4) and the incubation time were optimized. Metabolites of the substrate probes were simultaneously analyzed by multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) using a routine LC/MS/MS. Direct CYP inhibition was validated using 7 inhibitors (α-naphthoflavone, tranylcypromine, ticlopidine, fluconazole, quinidine, ketoconazole and 1-ABT). The time-dependent inhibition was partially validated with 5 inhibitors (ketoconazole, verapamil, quinidine, paroxetine and 1-ABT). RESULTS:The inhibition curve profiles and IC50 values of 7 CYP inhibitors were approximate when a single substrate and the substrate cocktail were tested, and were consistent with the previously reported values. Similar results were obtained in the IC50 shifts of 5 inhibitors when a single substrate and the substrate cocktail were tested in the TDI assay. CONCLUSION:The 6-in-1 substrate cocktail (for 1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C9, 2D6 and 3A) is reliable for assessing CYP inhibition and time-dependent inhibition of drug candidates.

journal_name

Acta Pharmacol Sin

authors

Chen ZH,Zhang SX,Long N,Lin LS,Chen T,Zhang FP,Lv XQ,Ye PZ,Li N,Zhang KZ

doi

10.1038/aps.2016.10

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-05-01 00:00:00

pages

708-18

issue

5

eissn

1671-4083

issn

1745-7254

pii

aps201610

journal_volume

37

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene polymorphisms and essential hypertension.

    abstract:AIM:To identify the genetic variants of angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) gene in a Chinese population and to determine whether the AT2R gene polymorphisms are associated with essential hypertension (EH). METHODS:The detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed in 19 subjects by a direct DNA s...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Zhang Y,Zhang KX,Wang GL,Huang W,Zhu DL

    更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00

  • Lobolide, a diterpene, blockades the NF-κB pathway and p38 and ERK MAPK activity in macrophages in vitro.

    abstract:AIM:Recent studies have shown that constitutive activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) plays a key role in chronic inflammation and cancers. The aim of this study was to characterize lobolide, a cembrane diterpene, as a drug candidate targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway. METHODS:A HEK 293/NF-κB-Luc stable cell ...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2012.100

    authors: Lv XF,Chen SH,Li J,Fang JP,Guo YW,Ding K

    更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00

  • PPAR gamma inhibits growth of rat hepatic stellate cells and TGF beta-induced connective tissue growth factor expression.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma ) activation on the growth of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)-induced connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression. METHODS:After being treated with various amounts of the ...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1745-7254.2006.00299.x

    authors: Sun K,Wang Q,Huang XH

    更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00

  • Ferulic acid prevents LPS-induced up-regulation of PDE4B and stimulates the cAMP/CREB signaling pathway in PC12 cells.

    abstract:AIM:Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) isozymes are involved in different functions, depending on their patterns of distribution in the brain. The PDE4 subtypes are distributed in different inflammatory cells, and appear to be important regulators of inflammatory processes. In this study we examined the effects of ferulic acid...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2016.88

    authors: Huang H,Hong Q,Tan HL,Xiao CR,Gao Y

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of glutamine on tumor growth and apoptosis of hepatoma cells.

    abstract:AIM:To explore the effects of glutamine on growth and apoptosis of hepatoma cells. METHODS:Mice inoculated with hepatoma cell (H22) suspension subcutaneously at right axilla were orally administered with glutamine (GLN) solution. Human hepatoma cell culture (SMMC-7721) was treated with different concentrations of GLN ...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Liu SL,Shi DY,Shen ZH,Wu YD

    更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00

  • In vitro anti-cancer activity of chamaejasmenin B and neochamaejasmin C isolated from the root of Stellera chamaejasme L.

    abstract:AIM:To examine the anti-cancer effects of chamaejasmenin B and neochamaejasmin C, two biflavonones isolated from the root of Stellera chamaejasme L (known as the traditional Chinese herb Rui Xiang Lang Du) in vitro. METHODS:Human liver carcinoma cell lines (HepG2 and SMMC-7721), a human non-small cell lung cancer cell...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2012.158

    authors: Zhang C,Zhou SS,Feng LY,Zhang DY,Lin NM,Zhang LH,Pan JP,Wang JB,Li J

    更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of linagliptin and liraglutide on glucose- and angiotensin II-induced collagen formation and cytoskeleton degradation in cardiac fibroblasts in vitro.

    abstract:AIM:Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors can not only lower blood glucose levels, but also alleviate cardiac remodeling after myocardial ischemia and hypertension. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a DPP-4 inhibitor (linagliptin) and a GLP-1 activator...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2016.72

    authors: Wang XW,Zhang FX,Yang F,Ding ZF,Agarwal N,Guo ZK,Mehta JL

    更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00

  • Current and future circulating biomarkers for cardiac amyloidosis.

    abstract::Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) comprises a heterogeneous group of medical conditions affecting the myocardium. It presents with proteinaceous infiltration with variable degrees of severity, prevalence and evolution. Despite this heterogeneity, erroneous protein folding is the common pathophysiologic process, yielding the fo...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1038/aps.2018.38

    authors: Luciani M,Troncone L,Monte FD

    更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00

  • Plasma miR-451 with echocardiography serves as a diagnostic reference for pulmonary hypertension.

    abstract::Due to the lack of typical clinical symptoms, the average delay time for diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is longer than 2 years. It is urgent to find biomarkers for PH diagnosis. In this study we investigated whether plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as biomarkers for PH diagnosis. We used microarray to i...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2018.39

    authors: Song XW,Zou LL,Cui L,Li SH,Qin YW,Zhao XX,Jing Q

    更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00

  • Harnessing nanomedicine to overcome the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

    abstract::Cancer immunotherapy has received extensive attention due to its ability to activate the innate or adaptive immune systems of patients to combat tumors. Despite a few clinical successes, further endeavors are still needed to tackle unresolved issues, including limited response rates, development of resistance, and imm...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1038/s41401-020-0424-4

    authors: Sun B,Hyun H,Li LT,Wang AZ

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • Hepatotoxicity of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs: ultrastructural aspects.

    abstract::With the increasing incidence of drug-induced liver disease, attempts are being made to better understand the mechanisms behind these frequently life-endangering reactions. Analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs are a major group exhibiting hepatotoxicity. We review research relating to these reactions, focusing on ul...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1111/j.1745-7254.2006.00278.x

    authors: Manov I,Motanis H,Frumin I,Iancu TC

    更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00

  • Pharmacokinetics and safety of calcium L-threonate in healthy volunteers after single and multiple oral administrations.

    abstract:AIM:To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of L-threonate after single or multiple oral administrations and its safety profile in healthy Chinese volunteers. METHODS:This was an open-label, single- and multiple-dose study. The subjects were assigned to receive a single dose, 675, 2025, or 4050 mg, of calcium L-threonate (n=...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2011.138

    authors: Wang HY,Hu P,Jiang J

    更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00

  • MicroRNA expression profile and functional analysis reveal their roles in contact inhibition and its disruption switch of rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

    abstract::Contact inhibition and its disruption of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are important cellular events in vascular diseases. But the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In this study we investigated the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the contact inhibition and its disruption of VSMCs and the molecular me...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2018.6

    authors: Sun YY,Qin SS,Cheng YH,Wang CY,Liu XJ,Liu Y,Zhang XL,Zhang W,Zhan JX,Shao S,Bian WH,Luo BH,Lu DF,Yang J,Wang CH,Zhang CX

    更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00

  • The novel squamosamide derivative FLZ enhances BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling and inhibits neuronal apoptosis in APP/PS1 mice.

    abstract:AIM:The aim of this study was to study the effects of compound FLZ, a novel cyclic derivative of squamosamide from Annona glabra, on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus of the amylo...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2010.3

    authors: Li N,Liu GT

    更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00

  • Activation of muscarinic receptors inhibits glutamate-induced GSK-3β overactivation in PC12 cells.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate the actions of the muscarinic agonist carbachol on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS:PC12 cells were treated with different concentrations of glutamate for 24 or 48 h. The cell viability was measured using MTT assay, and the expression and activati...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2013.42

    authors: Ma K,Yang LM,Chen HZ,Lu Y

    更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00

  • Exosomes: new molecular targets of diseases.

    abstract::Extracellular vesicles (EVs) comprise apoptotic bodies, microvesicles and exosomes, and they perform as key regulators in cell-to-cell communication in normal as well as diseased states. EVs contain natural cargo molecules, such as miRNA, mRNA and proteins, and transfer these functional cargos to neighboring cells or ...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1038/aps.2017.162

    authors: Samanta S,Rajasingh S,Drosos N,Zhou Z,Dawn B,Rajasingh J

    更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of chiral 3-n-butylphthalide on apoptosis induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate the effects of 3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) on apoptosis induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats, compare the action potency of s-(-)-, r-(+)- and (+/-)-NBP, and clarify the enantiomer that played a main role. METHODS:DNA fragmentation was detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transfera...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Chang Q,Wang XL

    更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00

  • Activation and involvement of JNK1/2 in hydrogen peroxide-induced neurotoxicity in cultured rat cortical neurons.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate the role of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase 1 and 2 (JNK1/2) and the main signal pathway for its activation in hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) induced apoptotic-like cortical cell death. METHODS:Using the model of oxidative stress induced by H(2)O(2), the expression and diphosphorylation of JNK1/2 was ...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Wang W,Gao C,Hou XY,Liu Y,Zong YY,Zhang GY

    更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00

  • Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel splicing variant of PIASx.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate molecular mechanism of testis development and spermatogenesis. METHODS:A human testis cDNA microarray was hybridized with probes from human adult testis, embryo testis and human sperm, and the differential expressed clones were sequenced and analyzed. Expression of PIAS-NY gene was analyzed by RT-PC...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Zheng Y,Zhou ZM,Yin LL,Li JM,Sha JH

    更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00

  • Intranasal co-delivery of IL-6 gene enhances the immunogenicity of anti-caries DNA vaccine.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate the effects of co-delivering IL-6 expressing plasmid pCI-IL-6 on the immunogenicity of the anti-caries DNA vaccine pCIA-P, which encodes the surface protein antigen PAc of Streptococcus mutans. METHODS:Plasmid pCI-IL-6 was constructed by inserting the murine IL-6 gene into the pCI vector. Expression...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2013.184

    authors: Su LK,Yu F,Li ZF,Zeng C,Xu QA,Fan MW

    更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of 7-hydroxystaurosporine on glioblastoma cell invasion and migration.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate the effect of 7-hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01), a selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, on cell growth, migration, and invasion in invasive human glioblastoma U-87MG cells. METHODS:PKC activity was determined based on the PKC-catalyzed transfer of the (32)P-phosphate group from [g-(32)P]ATP int...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1111/j.1745-7254.2005.00087.x

    authors: Meng QH,Zhou LX,Luo JL,Cao JP,Tong J,Fan SJ

    更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00

  • Botanical characteristics, pharmacological effects and medicinal components of Korean Panax ginseng C A Meyer.

    abstract::Korean Panax ginseng C A Meyer is mainly used to maintain the homeostasis of the body, and the pharmacological efficacy of Korean ginseng identified by modern science includes improved brain function, pain-relieving effects, preventive effects against tumors as well as anti-tumor activity, enhanced immune system funct...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00869.x

    authors: Choi KT

    更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00

  • Organ preservation: from the past to the future.

    abstract::Organ transplantation is the most effective therapy for patients with end-stage disease. Preservation solutions and techniques are crucial for donor organ quality, which is directly related to morbidity and survival after transplantation. Currently, static cold storage (SCS) is the standard method for organ preservati...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1038/aps.2017.182

    authors: Jing L,Yao L,Zhao M,Peng LP,Liu M

    更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00

  • Pentoxifylline alleviates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and early atherosclerosis in rats by inhibiting AGE and RAGE expression.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate the expression of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor RAGE in the livers and blood vessels of rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the effect of pentoxifylline (PTX) on liver and artery function in rats with NASH. METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat di...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2010.110

    authors: Wu J,Zhao MY,Zheng H,Zhang H,Jiang Y

    更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00

  • Phoenixin: a novel brain-gut-skin peptide with multiple bioactivity.

    abstract::In this brief review we summarize the current fndings relative to the discovery of a small peptide ligand, phoenixin (PNX). Using a bioinformatic approach, two novel peptides PNX-14 and PNX-20 containing 14 and 20 amino acids, respectively, were isolated from diverse tissues including the brain, heart, lung and stomac...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1038/aps.2017.195

    authors: Lyu RM,Cowan A,Zhang Y,Chen YH,Dun SL,Chang JK,Dun NJ,Luo JJ

    更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00

  • A simple, quick, and efficient CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing method for human induced pluripotent stem cells.

    abstract::Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have become an essential research platform to study different human diseases once being discovered by Dr. Shinya Yamanaka in 2006. Another breakthrough in biomedical research is the application of CRISPR/Cas9 system for genome editing in mammalian cells. Although numerous studies...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41401-020-0452-0

    authors: Geng BC,Choi KH,Wang SZ,Chen P,Pan XD,Dong NG,Ko JK,Zhu H

    更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors on biological traits of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate effects of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and on angiogenesis in vitro. METHODS:Human NPC cell lines (CNE1, CNE2 and SUNE) were treated with nimesulide or celecoxib. MTT assay and colony formation assay were performed to observe antiproliferation activity...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Chen PY,Long QC

    更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00

  • Salvianolate inhibits reactive oxygen species production in H(2)O(2)-treated mouse cardiomyocytes in vitro via the TGFβ pathway.

    abstract:AIM:To investigate the effects of salvianolate, a water-soluble active compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in mouse cardiomyocytes in vitro. METHODS:Primary ventricular cardiomyocytes were prepared from neonatal mouse. The cell viability was determined using MTT assay. ...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/aps.2012.209

    authors: Fei AH,Cao Q,Chen SY,Wang HR,Wang FL,Pan SM,Lin ZF

    更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00

  • The hepatotoxicity of Polygonum multiflorum: The emerging role of the immune-mediated liver injury.

    abstract::Herbal and dietary supplements (HDS)-induced liver injury has been a great concern all over the world. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, is recently drawn increasing attention because of its hepatotoxicity. According to the clinical and experimental studies, P. multiflorum-induced liv...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1038/s41401-020-0360-3

    authors: Rao T,Liu YT,Zeng XC,Li CP,Ou-Yang DS

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Oral administration of curcumin ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis in mice through 15d-PGJ2-mediated induction of hepatocyte growth factor in the colon.

    abstract::Oral administration of curcumin has been shown to inhibit pulmonary fibrosis (PF) despite its extremely low bioavailability. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the anti-PF effect of curcumin in focus on intestinal endocrine. In bleomycin- and SiO2-treated mice, curcumin (75, 150 mg· kg-1 per day)...

    journal_title:Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/s41401-020-0469-4

    authors: Miao YM,Zhang YJ,Qiao SM,Xia YF,Wei ZF,Dai Y

    更新日期:2020-07-21 00:00:00