Abstract：
:A decrease in dietary protein intake lowers the clearance of a number of substances excreted principally by the kidney including uric acid and oxypurinol, the major metabolite of allopurinol. We studied the kinetics of uric acid and oxypurinol in seven healthy volunteers on a normal protein diet (2600 calories; 100 g protein) followed by a 400 calorie, protein-free diet. A 600 mg dose of allopurinol was given orally after 6 days of the normal protein diet and again after 2 days of the 400 calorie, protein-free diet. Two major findings emerged: first, the renal clearance of oxypurinol was reduced from 21.2 +/- 1.9 ml/min during the normal protein diet to 12.3 +/- 1.2 ml/min (P less than .05) during the 400 calorie, protein-free diet, and second, there was a striking diurnal difference in oxypurinol renal clearance with a 41% decrease in the oxypurinol clearance at night (8 PM to 8 AM) versus day (8 AM to 8 PM) on the 400 calorie, protein-free diet.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Kitt TM,Park GD,Spector R,Tsalikian Edoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03239.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
65-71issue
1eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Sleep disturbances and decrements of daytime performance have been attributed to HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. As a rule, lipophilic compounds more readily cross the blood-brain barrier and are more likely to affect central nervous system function. The authors compared the effects of lovastatin (40 mg), a lipophilic c...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1994.tb01971.x
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclosporine (CsA) dosing is based on CsA plasma or blood concentrations measured 12 to 24 hours after drug administration (trough levels). This study evaluated the relationship between the timing of CsA concentrations and subsequent pharmacokinetic parameters to predict an optimal sampling period. Plasma samples were...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1992.tb03798.x
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with heart failure (HF) are at increased risk for drug-induced torsades de pointes (TdP) due to unknown mechanisms. Our objective was to determine if sensitivity to drug-induced QT interval lengthening is enhanced in patients with HF. In this multicenter, prospective study, 15 patients with atrial fibrillatio...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0091270011416939
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibacterial drugs are among the most common medications used by pregnant women. While medical literature generally defines nitrofurantoin as an antibiotic that is safe for use during the first trimester of pregnancy, new concerns about a possible association between congenital malformations following exposure to nit...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.139
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abstract：:Procainamide administration often results in excessively high serum N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA) concentrations and subtherapeutic serum procainamide concentrations. Inhibition of N-acetylation of procainamide may prevent accumulation of excessive NAPA while maintaining therapeutic serum procainamide concentrations. Th...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04135.x
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of a meloxicam suspension were studied in 18 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Children received a single 0.25-mg/kg dose up to a maximum of 15 mg. Pharmacokinetic parameters after the first dose were calculated by noncompartmental methods. Geometric mean (percent coefficient of variati...
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Beverage-drug interactions have remained an active area of research and have been the subject of extensive investigations in the past 2 decades. The known mechanisms of clinically relevant beverage-drug interactions include modulation of the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and organic anion-transporting polypepti...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jcph.563
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suvorexant is an orexin receptor antagonist for treating insomnia. The maximum approved dose in the United States and Japan is 20 mg. We evaluated suvorexant effects on respiration during sleep in a randomized, double-blind, 3-period crossover study of healthy adult men (n = 8) and women (n = 4) ≤ 50 years old who rec...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/jcph.523
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Esmolol is an intravenous beta blocker with a short duration of action. The pharmacokinetics of esmolol and its acid metabolite, ASL-8123, were studied in nine patients who had stable, biopsy-proved Laennec's cirrhosis and in three normal volunteer controls. Kinetics were determined after a four-hour continuous infusi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1987.tb05583.x
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The integrated glucose-insulin (IGI) model is a previously published semimechanistic model that describes plasma glucose and insulin concentrations after glucose challenges. The aim of this work was to use knowledge of physiology to improve the IGI model's description of glucose absorption and gastric emptying after t...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.602
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychoactive drugs are often widely used before tolerance and dependence is fully appreciated. Tolerance to cannabis-induced cardiovascular and autonomic changes, decreased intraocular pressure, sleep and sleep EEG, mood and behavioral changes is acquired and, to a great degree, lost rapidly with optimal conditions. M...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb02589.x
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tinidazole is a potent nitroimidazole compound active against, and used to treat, Trichomonas vaginalis infections in males and females. Speculation exists in the literature that observed differences in tinidazole plasma concentrations between males and females may be due to sex-mediated pharmacokinetic differences. T...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02650.x
更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glasdegib is approved for treating acute myeloid leukemia in elderly patients at 100 mg once daily in combination with low-dose cytarabine. Exposure-efficacy analysis showed that the survival benefit of glasdegib was not glasdegib exposure-dependent. The relationship between glasdegib exposure and adverse event (AE) c...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.1742
更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The differential diagnosis of idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is difficult because symptoms are seldom pathognomonic. The authors compared the performance of two new diagnostic aids in the differential diagnosis of 27 cases of skin reactions associated with sulfonamide therapy. One test, the Bayesian Adver...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1994.tb04736.x
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optimal design has been used in the past mainly to optimize sampling schedules for clinical trials. Optimization on design variables other than sampling times has been published in the literature only once before. This study shows, as an example, optimization on the length of treatment periods to obtain reliable estim...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0091270008329560
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate a food effect on the bio-availability of modified-release (MR) trimetazidine tablets in 36 healthy volunteers. Trimetazidine, an anti-ischemic drug, protects the myocardial cell from the harmful effects of ischemia. The authors investigated the effect of being under a fasting or fed sta...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/0091270011422813
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in microcomputer technology provide new ways of incorporating PBL procedures in clinical pharmacology courses. Developments in graphics-user interfaces and analog/digital systems that display physiologic information directly on the monitor enable the computer to serve as a learning resource as laboratory clas...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb04962.x
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of dopaminergic receptors on renal function has been extensively studied. Recently dopaminergic receptor has been classified in two subtypes D1 and D2, which seem to have different modulatory function. However, the role of dopaminergic receptors on cardiovascular function and more specifically the potential r...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1992.tb03788.x
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With increasing interest in enrolling adolescent patients in adult trials, a question often arises: when can pediatric patients use adult dosages? For currently approved therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with equivalent adult and pediatric indications, body weight thresholds for pediatric patients to receive ad...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.1434
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abstract：:The effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) or grapefruit juice (GFJ) on CYP3A activity was studied in vitro and in healthy human volunteers. In human liver microsomes, the mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) for PJ and GFJ versus CYP3A (triazolam alpha-hydroxylation) were 0.61% and 0.55%, (v/v) respectively, without...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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abstract：:Forty-two healthy Caucasian subjects were randomized in a double-blind, parallel three-group study (14 subjects per group) to investigate potential electrocardiographic and pharmacokinetic interactions between the antimalarials artemether-lumefantrine (six-dose regimen of Riamet over 3 days) and quinine (2-h intraveno...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/009127002401382632
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the psychoactive cannabinoid delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the nonpsychoactive cannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) were investigated comparatively on electrically caused transcallosal cortical evoked responses, electrically induced limbic after discharges, photically evoked cortical afterdischarges, ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb02625.x
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve patients chronically maintained on warfarin were administered 80 mg atorvastatin for 2 weeks. Mean prothrombin times decreased slightly, but only for the first few days of the two-week treatment period. Thus atorvastatin had no consistent effect on the anticoagulant activity of warfarin and adjustment in warfar...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1997.tb04288.x
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More than 30% of patients who undergo surgery will experience postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) if no prophylactic treatments are used. Although numerous studies have been performed to investigate the factors related to PONV, the effect of perioperative intravenous oxycodone on the incidence of PONV has not bee...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/jcph.1408
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of the marketed formulation of microencapsulated octreotide acetate were evaluated in an open-label study in 22 healthy cholecystectomized subjects. Each subject received a single 30 mg dose of microencapsulated octreotide acetate intramuscularly (i.m.). Concentration...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00912700022009242
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nineteenth century ophthalmology, characterized by significant gains in diagnostic techniques, provided the basis for great advancements in treatment during the 20th century. Drug therapy at the turn of the century was empiric, palliative, and often toxic. The development of ocular pharmacology during the 20th century...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00912700022009710
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of hydrocortisone after rectal administration of a hydrocortisone acetate foam were determined after single and multiple dosing in healthy subjects as well as in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Endogenous hydrocortisone was suppressed by dexamethasone administration. ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00912700122010410
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rate of change of plasma procainamide concentration during 36 hours of constant-rate intravenous infusion was examined in five acute myocardial infarction patients. It was observed that a steady-state plasma concentration was established in about 16 hours, which is consistent with simulations of plasma concentrati...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1978.tb02455.x
更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of factors have been implicated in the interpatient variability of valproic acid (VPA) pharmacokinetics. These include patient age, concurrent anticonvulsant therapy, and dosage of VPA. In the clinical setting, it is important to determine which of these variables exert a major effect on the observed differen...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1985.tb02836.x
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study was undertaken to develop a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model to characterize efavirenz-induced neuropsychologic impairment, given preexistent impairment, which can be used for the optimization of efavirenz therapy via Monte Carlo simulations. The modeling was performed with NONMEM 7.2. A 1-compartment p...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.533
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
