Abstract:
:Blocking the 2-C-methyl-d-erythrithol-4-phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis offers new ways to inhibit the growth of Plasmodium spp. Fosmidomycin [(3-(N-hydroxyformamido)propyl)phosphonic acid, 1] and its acetyl homologue FR-900098 [(3-(N-hydroxyacetamido)propyl)phosphonic acid, 2] potently inhibit 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (Dxr), a key enzyme in this biosynthetic pathway. Arylpropyl substituents were introduced at the β-position of the hydroxamate analogue of 2 to study changes in lipophilicity, as well as electronic and steric properties. The potency of several new compounds on the P. falciparum enzyme approaches that of 1 and 2. Activities against the enzyme and parasite correlate well, supporting the mode of action. Seven X-ray structures show that all of the new arylpropyl substituents displace a key tryptophan residue of the active-site flap, which had made favorable interactions with 1 and 2. Plasticity of the flap allows substituents to be accommodated in many ways; in most cases, the flap is largely disordered. Compounds can be separated into two classes based on whether the substituent on the aromatic ring is at the meta or para position. Generally, meta-substituted compounds are better inhibitors, and in both classes, smaller size is linked to better potency.
journal_name
ChemMedChemjournal_title
ChemMedChemauthors
Sooriyaarachchi S,Chofor R,Risseeuw MD,Bergfors T,Pouyez J,Dowd CS,Maes L,Wouters J,Jones TA,Van Calenbergh S,Mowbray SLdoi
10.1002/cmdc.201600249subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-09-20 00:00:00pages
2024-36issue
18eissn
1860-7179issn
1860-7187journal_volume
11pub_type
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