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Pain Assessment, Management, and Control Among Patients 65 Years or Older Receiving Hospice Care in the U.S.

Abstract：

CONTEXT:Knowledge is limited regarding pain assessment and management practices, as well as pain-related outcomes in hospice care. OBJECTIVES:To generate national estimates of pain assessment and management practices and outcomes of pain control among patients 65 years or older receiving hospice care in the U.S. and identify hospice discharge and agency characteristics predicting study outcomes. METHODS:The 2007 National Home Health and Hospice Care Survey was analyzed. Multivariate logistic regressions were estimated to identify discharge and agency characteristics predicting guideline-concordant pain assessment and management practices and pain control outcomes. RESULTS:A high percentage of discharges had pain assessment at admission (97%) and before discharge (93%); use of valid pain rating scales was relatively low (69% and 54% for first and last assessments, respectively). Almost 95% of patients received pain medication, but only 42% received nonpharmacologic therapies. About 70% of patients assessed with a valid pain scale saw improvement in the level of pain or remained free of pain from admission to discharge. Non-Hispanic blacks were less likely to have pain assessments, and Hispanics were less likely to receive opioid analgesics or to have pain-free status at discharge, compared with non-Hispanic whites. Patients receiving care from for-profit (vs. nonprofit) agencies were more likely to receive pain assessment with a valid scale before discharge but less likely to experience pain control or improvement. CONCLUSION:Greater use of valid pain assessment scales and nonpharmacologic therapies constitutes areas for improvement in hospice care. Targeted interventions are needed to address disparities in pain care by patient race and/or ethnicity and agency ownership status.

journal_name

J Pain Symptom Manage

journal_title

Journal of pain and symptom management

authors

Cea ME,Reid MC,Inturrisi C,Witkin LR,Prigerson HG,Bao Y

doi

10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.05.020

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-11-01 00:00:00

pages

663-672

issue

eissn

0885-3924

issn

1873-6513

pii

S0885-3924(16)30310-4

journal_volume

pub_type

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Pain Assessment, Management, and Control Among Patients 65 Years or Older Receiving Hospice Care in the U.S.