Abstract:
:Species of the 'bana' vegetation in the Amazonas region of equatorial South America have scleromorphic leaves. This leaf type, which characterizes the vegetation of Mediterranean climates, among others, has apparently evolved in this community in response to the oligotrophic soils and widely fluctuating water table.Anatomically, the leaves have several features commonly found in xeromorphic plants, including greater leaf and cuticle thickness, pubescent leaves and sunken stomata, and a high incidence of sclerenchyma.Concentrations of K and P decrease with leaf age, while N remains nearly constant and Ca increases. Concentrations of N and P are lower than in other sclerophyllous species, but the amount of these nutrients recovered before leaf shedding are similar. The correlation between P and N as expressed per unit dry weight is high (r=0.87; p<0.01) as is the relation between leaf specific area (area/dry wt.) and N (r-0.83; p<0.01) and P (r= 0.82; p<0.01).Soils of this region are very acidic (extreme lowest value pH 3.6) and have high levels of exchangeable Al and Mn. Among the 'bana' plant species are some which accumulate high levels of Mn (>300 ppm) and Al (>1000 ppm).
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Sobrado MA,Medina Edoi
10.1007/BF00540202subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-01-01 00:00:00pages
341-345issue
3eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00540202journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Plants of Dudleya blochmanae were studied over a growing season (December-June) in their native habitat on the central California coast. During the season soil water potential fluctuatdd widely, becoming unmeasurably negative (<-5.0 MPa) by early May. In contrast, leaf water potential did not fluctuate greatly with th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377545
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Models incorporating the energetics of individual daphnids (Cladocera) have been developed to predict the effect of environmental variables, particularly food availability, on population dynamics. One of them, that of Kooijman (1986), assumes that all assimilated energy enters a storage compartment prior to use in pro...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317610
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Habitat fragmentation poses an inherent problem for metacommunity dynamics, as dispersal among communities is hindered by increasing isolation and the loss of patches. Wetlands are one such system that have undergone excessive destruction and fragmentation in recent years. Zooplankton within these communities have his...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-007-0704-4
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seed predation in relation to patterns of pod (and seed) distribution was examined in five samples of the common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.), in tests of the "resource-concentration" effect both within- and beween-plants. The proportion of pods in a cluster that were attacked, particularly by the weevil Rhyssomatu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378864
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two general approaches have usually been taken towards understanding the distributions and dynamics of localised species in heterogeneous landscapes, namely habitat characterisation and metapopulation dynamics. We show how habitat and metapopulation dynamics interact to generate a highly localised distribution of a bu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050957
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fate of individual plants of Helianthus annuus was monitored in populations sown at a density of 650 seeds m-2. Ninety six percent of the seeds germinated but only fifty two percent of the seedlings survived to the end of the experiment due to self-thinning. Whilst the seedlings emerged over only four days the cot...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379716
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effect of native large herbivores on aboveground primary production of nonforested habitat in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Productivity of vegetation grazed by elk (Cervus elaphus) and bison (Bison bison) was compared with that of ungrazed (permanently fenced) vegetation at four sites. Two metho...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317727
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stratospheric ozone depletion has caused ground-level ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation to rise in temperate latitudes of both hemispheres. Because the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the nutrition of food consumed by mammalian herbivores are unknown, we measured nutritional and chemical constituents of 18 forages ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-0978-1
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amount of calcium in Eucalyptus diversicolor (karri) ecosystems is high in comparison with other eucalypt forest ecosystems in Australia. A large proportion of this calcium is present as crystalline Ca oxalate. Whewellite (CaC2O4·H2O) accumulates in leaf tissue of the over- and understorey species. Up to 70% of th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379696
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of forest size on avian diversity was studied in oak forest patches in rural New Jersey. Number of bird species continued to increase significantly in old oak woods up through 40 ha. This was due to the progressive addition of carnivorous species with increasing minimum forest size requirements. One large w...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345649
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::If the natural enemy component of biological control is functional in small mammals, then the introduciton of weasels should effectively reduce populations of deer mice and Oregon voles. Seven weasels introduced to an area of forest habitat in coastal British Columbia did not appreciably lower the abundance of mice or...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00541787
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Energy budgets explain how organisms allocate energetic intake to accomplish essential processes. A likely life history trade-off occurs between growth and immune response in juvenile organisms, where growth is important to avoid predation or obtain larger prey and immune response is essential to survival in the prese...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3365-8
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The size of forest fragments, the use of land bordering fragments, and the distance of nests from an edge all affect the frequency of predation upon bird nests in Maine (USA), an area where the forest has been fragmented by roads, but not significantly reduced in area. We placed artificial nests containing quail eggs ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379601
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erythronium japonicum (Liliaceae) inhabits deciduous mesic forests of Hokkaido, northern Japan. Myrmecochory of this species was investigated, especially the dispersal frequency, the effect of seed predators and the seed fall pattern. In the quadrat census using marked seeds of E. japonicum, the ant Myrmica kotokui fr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00329708
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying links between morphology and performance for ecologically relevant tasks will help elucidate the relationships between organismal design and fitness. We conducted a laboratory study to quantify the relationship between variation in body shape and prey-capture success in four drift-feeding minnow species. W...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0651-5
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined cellular immunity of adult tree swallows feeding nestlings under variable weather conditions. Birds received an injection of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), which causes a local swelling, reflecting the strength of T-cell-mediated immunocompetence. There was a negative relationship between the immune response a...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420100798
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study quantified both the age- and sex-specific survival rates of juveniles and adults, and tested for interannual differences in age-specific survival rates of the southern elephant seal population at Marion Island. Pups were tagged on an annual basis from 1983 onwards at Marion Island, and a consistent recaptur...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050922
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ant metapleural glands secrete surface antibiotics that affect pollen as well as bacteria and fungi. This may be one reason why ant pollination is rare. It is predicted that pollination by ants is possible only in the presence of certain ant and/or plant traits. Two traits are investigated; first, absence of the metap...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328160
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relationships between leaf traits and the gap dependence for regeneration, and ontogenetic changes therein, were investigated in juvenile and adult tropical rainforest tree species. The juveniles of the 17 species included in the study were grown in high light, similar to the exposed crowns of the adult trees. The tra...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-011-2175-x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blue-footed boobies (Sula nebouxii) in the Galápagos Islands nest at coastal sites such as cliff edges if Nazca boobies (S. granti) are absent. However, if sympatric with nesting Nazca boobies, they nest nearby, but farther inland, in areas with little topographical relief. Nazca boobies nest at the coastal sites whet...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-0992-7
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::White-footed mice, Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis, and deer mice, P. maniculatus nubiterrae, occur sympatically throughout much of the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States. Previous studies have shown that these two species are behaviorally and ecologically similar and do not partition food or microh...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00333730
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extent, frequency and causes of pollenlimited seed production were examined in partially selffertile populations of Blandfordia grandiflora for 2 years. Percentage seed set of open-pollinated plants (50-57%) did not differ within or between years, and was about 19% less than experimentally cross-pollinated plants ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328430
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the oviposition response of a specialist weevil (Mogulones larvatus) to patches of its host, the noxious weed Paterson"s curse/salvation Jane (Echium plantagineum). We simultaneously examined the effect of patch size and plant density (and their interaction), on the recorded oviposition patterns. O...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000425
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germination characteristics and frost tolerance of seedlings are crucial parameters for establishment and invasion success of plants. The characterization of differences between populations in native and invasive ranges may improve our understanding of range expansion and adaptation. Here, we investigated germination ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2813-6
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structure and seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton communities in the littoral zone were compared between oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes in the southeastern United States. Differences in diversity and species composition between lakes could be ascribed to long-term variation in nutrients corresponding to trophic s...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00380005
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pressure to escape natural enemies may shape how herbivorous insects use their plant resources. On wild crucifers, ovipositional preferences of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella; DBM) were similar to searching preferences of its main parasitoid, an ichneumonid wasp (Diadegma insulare). But on cultivated cr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317166
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need to allocate a limited amount of energy between different life-history traits is a fundamental assumption in life-history theory. However, it has often turned out to be extremely difficult to measure the competing processes that contribute to costs or benefits for individual organisms. The present investigatio...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00333257
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first in a series of papers on the growth, photosynthetic rate, water and nutrient relations, root distribution and mycorrhizal frequency of two Norway spruce forests at different stages of decline. One of the stands was composed of green trees only while the other included trees ranging in appearance from...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378810
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leaf surface conductance and apparent photosynthesis were measured during late summer and autumn on saplings and sprouts of pin cherry (Prunus pensylvanica), yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis), American beech (Fagus grandifolia), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum) naturally revegetating a site in the northern hardwood...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00665600
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vernal ponds in the boreal region, egg-over-wintering Agabus species form a guild that feeds mainly on larvae and pupae of aedine mosquitoes. The regular co-existence of very similar Agabus species indicates local communities not structured by interspecific competition. However, the lower number of species in local...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379611
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00