Population dynamics of the chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) : V. Estimation of the effect of predation by spiders on the mortality of imaginal wasps based on the precipitin test.

abstract：:By analogy with deterministic stability, the stability of stochastic ecological systems can be viewed as a tendency for population densities to avoid dynamic boundaries (i.e. boundedness) or to approach a dynamic attractor (i.e. attraction). At the population level, these two views generate predictions consistent with...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Crowley PH

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Populations of invasive species tend to have fewer parasites in their introduced ranges than in their native ranges and are also thought to have fewer parasites than native prey. This 'release' from parasites has unstudied implications for native predators feeding on exotic prey. In particular, shifts from native to e...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Locke SA,Bulté G,Marcogliese DJ,Forbes MR

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the sessile hermit crab Discorsopagurus schmitti, four different feeding techniques are described: antennary beating, body-trap feeding, feeding on wafting particles, and scraping. This species' potential for being a generalist in its diet and opportunistic in its foraging behavior certainly opened the way for a se...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Gherardi F

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The factors that promote ecological separation among closely related sympatric carnivores in tropical forests are poorly understood due to a paucity of field studies. Here, we report on community-wide food resource utilization patterns among eight co-existing carnivores in the Dzanga-Sangha Reserve, Central African Re...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ray J,Sunquist M

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of generalisations concerning plant responses to herbivory are based on studies of natural or simulated defoliation. However, effects caused by insects feeding on plant sap are likely to differ from the effects of folivory. We assessed the general patterns and sources of variation in the effects of sap fe...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Zvereva EL,Lanta V,Kozlov MV

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interspecific competition is assumed to have a strong influence on the population dynamics of competing species, but is not easily demonstrated for mobile species in the wild. In the Florida Keys (USA), anecdotal observations have long pointed to an inverse relationship in abundance of two large decapod crustaceans fo...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Behringer DC,Hart JE

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Size thresholds commonly underlie the induction of alternative morphological states. However, the respective importance of absolute and relative size to such thresholds remains uncertain. If absolute size governs expression, morph frequency should differ among environments that influence absolute sizes (e.g. resources...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Moore MP,Pechmann JHK,Whiteman HH

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hybridisation is common in plants and can affect the genetic diversity and ecology of sympatric parental populations. Hybrids may resemble the parental species in their ecology, leading to competition and/or gene introgression; alternatively, they may diverge from the parental phenotypes, possibly leading to the colon...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Chartier M,Liagre S,Weiss-Schneeweiss H,Kolano B,Bessière JM,Schönenberger J,Gibernau M

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Demographic characteristics associated with the maintenance and growth of populations, such as seed dynamics, seedling emergence, survival, and tiller dynamics were examined for two tussock grasses, the native Agropyron spicatum and the introduced Agropyron desertorum in a 30-month field study. The introduced grass wa...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pyke DA

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Freezing tolerance as a cold resistance mechanism is described for the first time in a plant growing in the tropical range of the Andean high mountains. Draba chionophila, the plant in which freezing tolerance was found, is the vascular plant which reaches the highest altitudes in the Venezuelan Andes (approximately 4...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Azocar A,Rada F,Goldstein G

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relationships between fine root growth, rates of litter decomposition and nutrient release were analysed in a mixed forest on Tierra Firme, a Tall Amazon Caatinga and a Low Bana on podsolized sands near San Carlos de Rio Negro. Fine root growth in the upper soil layers (root mat+10 cm upper soil) was considerably high...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cuevas E,Medina E

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phenolics in marine brown algae have been thought to follow a latitudinal gradient with high phenolic species in high latitudes and low phenolic species in low latitudes. However, tropical brown algae from the western Caribbean have been shown to be high in phlorotannin concentration, indicating that latitude alone is...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Targett NM,Boettcher AA,Targett TE,Vrolijk NH

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of species loss on ecosystems depend on the community's functional diversity (FD). However, how FD responds to environmental changes is poorly understood. This applies particularly to higher trophic levels, which regulate many ecosystem processes and are strongly affected by human-induced environmental cha...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Schuldt A,Bruelheide H,Durka W,Michalski SG,Purschke O,Assmann T

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although ecological disturbances can have a strong influence on pollinators through changes in habitat, virtually no studies have quantified how characteristics of wildfire influence the demography of essential pollinators. Nevertheless, evaluating this topic is critical for understanding how wildfire is linked to pol...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Galbraith SM,Cane JH,Rivers JW

更新日期：2021-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of the ant communities and their foraging dynamics were studied in two annual agroecosystems of the Mexican tropical lowlands: a "forest milpa" of corn, beans, and squash made by cutting and buring 40-year-old forest, and a "field milpa" of corn, beans, and squash made by plowing 1-year-old second grow...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Risch SJ,Carroll CR

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laboratory feeding experiments were conducted with Dipodomys ordii and Perognathus flavus in an attempt to discover a mechanism which might result in seed size selection. There was no marked difference in the proportions of four seed types collected whether the rodents foraged in the presence or absence of one another...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hutto RL

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inter-specific competition, facilitation and predation influence herbivore assemblages, but no study has experimentally explored the interactions between large ungulates and small rodents. In a fully replicated, landscape scale experiment, we manipulated densities of domestic sheep in mountain pastures in Norway. We t...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Steen H,Mysterud A,Austrheim G

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the increasing imperative for societies to act to curb climate change by increasing carbon stores and sinks, it has become critical to understand how organic carbon is produced, released, transformed, transported, and sequestered within and across ecosystems. In freshwater and open-ocean systems, shredders play a...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Filbee-Dexter K,Pedersen MF,Fredriksen S,Norderhaug KM,Rinde E,Kristiansen T,Albretsen J,Wernberg T

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We obtined data on body mass and growth rates for the immature members of two groups of wild baboons in Amboseli National Park, Kenya. Data were collected without feeding, trapping, or handling. The data were separated into cross-sectional and longitudinal components, allowing both the examination of body mass-age rel...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Altmann J,Alberts S

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parasites can generate complex life history trade-offs in a host. In this study, we experimentally reduced the infection level of intestinal helminth parasites in the Taiwan field mouse (Apodemus semotus) to test (1) whether parasite richness and load are biased towards male or female mice (sex-biased parasitism) and ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lo HY,Shaner PL

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change is disrupting species interactions by altering the timing of phenological events such as budburst for plants and hatching for insects. We combined field observations with laboratory manipulations to investigate the consequences of climate warming on the phenology and performance of the eastern tent cate...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Abarca M,Lill JT

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Female lifetime reproductive success in a small population of individually-marked adders in southern Sweden was studied over a period of seven years. Reproductive characteristics varied little from year to year and were consistent through time in individual females. Most females mature at four years of age and reprodu...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Madsen T,Shine R

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cloud forest at Monteverde, Costa Rica, two common treelets (Palicourea lasiorrachis and Cephaelis elata, both Rubiaceae) depend simultaneously on one hummingbird population (Lampornis calolaema) for pollination. Both species are distylous and self-incompatible. In laboratory experiments, we examined possible effec...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Feinsinger P,Busby WH,Tiebout HM 3rd

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although numerous studies have reported reproductive senescence in wild animal populations, we still know very little on inter-individual differences in rates of ageing and on the factors accounting for these differences. To investigate age-related variation in breeding success in a natural population of Alpine chamoi...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Tettamanti F,Grignolio S,Filli F,Apollonio M,Bize P

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1.) The daily ration required to maintain a population growth rate, r m, of zero (threshold ration) increased with increasing Asplanchna body mass. This relationship is described by the equation T=0.342 W0.797 where T=threshold ration (μg day-1 dry mass) and W=Asplanchna body mass (μg adult-1 dry mass). 2.) The thresh...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Stemberger RS,Gilbert JJ

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Difficulties in using genetic markers to demonstrate that changes in gene frequency cause fluctuations in the density of animal populations are illustrated. The frequency of chicks with light-coloured down increased during 4 years when population density of red grouse declined and the inherent level of aggressive beha...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Moss R,Watson A

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For a symbiosis to be a mutualism, benefits received must exceed costs incurred for both partners. Partners can prevent costly overexploitation through behaviors that moderate interactions with the other symbiont. In a symbiosis between crayfish and branchiobdellidan annelids, the worms can increase crayfish survival ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Farrell KJ,Creed RP,Brown BL

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six early successional plant species with differing photosynthetic pathways (3 C3 species and 3 C4 species) were grown at either 300, 600, or 1,200 ppm CO2 and at either 0.0 or 0.25 ppm SO2. Total plant growth increased with CO2 concentration for the C3 species and varied only slightly with CO2 for the C4 species. Fum...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Carlson RW,Bazzaz FA

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The photosynthetic pathways of 42 species of the genusEuphorbia growing wild, naturalized or cultivated in Egypt were investigated. The criteria used included the δ13C- and δD-values and Kranz anatomy of the leaves. There is a relationship between the photosynthetic pathway and the ecological conditions in the habitat...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Batanouny KH,Stichler W,Ziegler H

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene frequencies at nine polymorphic enzyme loci were followed in 22 cage populations of D. melanogaster all founded from the same stock but subsequently maintained in different environments. The three factors distinguishing the different environments were temperature and the alcohol and yeast in the medium and for ea...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Oakeshott JG

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00