Abstract：
:The dependence of leaf water potential (Ψ), osmotic potential (π) and turgor pressure (P) on relative water content (RWC) was determined for leaves of tall and short growth forms of Spartina alterniflora Loisel. from a site on Canary Creek marsh in Lewes, Delaware. Tall plants (ca. 1.5 m) occured along a drainage ditch where interstitial water salinity was approximately 20‰, and short plants (ca. 0.2 m) were 13 m away near a pan and exposed to 80‰ salinity during the most stressful period. Leaves were collected at dawn and pressure-volume measurements were made as they desiccated in the laboratory. Pressure equilibrium was used to measure Ψ, RWC was determined from weight loss and dry weight, π was determined from the pressure volume curve, and P was calculated as the difference between Ψ and π. Physical properties of the bulk leaf tissue that have a role in regulating water balance of the two growth forms were estimated: relative water content of apoplastic water (RWCa) relative water content at zero turgor (RWC0), the bulk modulus of elasticity (E), and water capacity (C w). There were no detectable temporal trends in any of the parameters measured from Nune through September and no significant differences between the two growth forms when compared on the basis of RWCa, RWC0, E, and C w. There was a clear difference between the two growth forms with respect to π; at RWC0, π was-4.5±0.40 MPa for short form plants and-3.3±0.40 MPa for tall form.Turgor pressure of plants in the field (P') was lower in leaves from short form than for the tall form plants with average difference of about 0.4 MPa. In July, P' in short form leaves dropped to zero by mid-morning as expected for leaves experiencing water stress.These results show that S. alterniflora is capable of reducing osmotic potential in response to increased salinity and that turgor pressure was lower in short growth form than in tall forms.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Drake BG,Gallagher JLdoi
10.1007/BF00384269subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-06-01 00:00:00pages
368-375issue
3eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00384269journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract：:The palatability of 14 species of woody plant was assessed for three species of browsing ruminant, namely kudus, impalas and goats. Results show that palatability was most clearly related to leaf contents of condensed tannins. The effect was a threshold one, with all plants containing more than 5% condensed tannins be...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00378466
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plant-soil feedbacks have been widely implicated as a driver of plant community diversity, and the coexistence prediction generated by a negative plant-soil feedback can be tested using the mutual invasibility criterion: if two populations are able to invade one another, this result is consistent with stable coexisten...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-017-3828-1
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies on iron reduction and the mechanism of gley formation by nitrogen-fixing clostridia are reported. Up to 106 cells/g soil of anaerobic, nitrogen-fixing clostridia, capable of reducing iron (III)-oxide, were counted in samples taken from various top soils. In a gleyed subsoil as many as 105 bacteria per g soil, ...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00345718
更新日期：1971-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Populations ofDipodomys microps andD. merriami in eastern California (37°11'N. Lat.) are active on the surface throughout the night and during the whole year. These two species, and the males and females within each species, show no significant differences in times of beginning or end of activity. Beginning and end of...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00572754
更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rodents of the family Heteromyidae are proficient gatherers and hoarders of seeds. A major component of their adaptive specialization for harvesting and transporting seeds is their spacious, fur-lined cheek pouches. Precise measurements of cheek pouch capacities are essential if ecologists are to understand the foragi...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004420050349
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hybridisation is common in plants and can affect the genetic diversity and ecology of sympatric parental populations. Hybrids may resemble the parental species in their ecology, leading to competition and/or gene introgression; alternatively, they may diverge from the parental phenotypes, possibly leading to the colon...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-015-3498-9
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In resource-limited savannas, the distribution and abundance of fine roots play an important role in acquiring essential resources and structuring vegetation patterns and dynamics. However, little is known regarding the three-dimensional distribution of fine roots in savanna ecosystems at the landscape scale. We quant...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-018-4083-9
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural history collections are now being championed as key to broad ecological studies, especially those involving human impacts in the Anthropocene. However, collections are going through a crisis that threatens their present and future value, going beyond underfunding/understaffing to a more damaging practice: curr...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-020-04620-0
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synchronous leaf production has been proposed as a mechanism to reduce herbivore damage to young leaves by satiating herbivores. To test this hypothesis, I measured leaf production, leaf survivorship, and herbivore damage on juveniles of Gustavia superba (H.B.K.) Berg (Lecythidaceae), in two sites in Central Panama. L...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00317713
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although exotic plant invasions threaten natural systems worldwide, we know little about the specific ecological impacts of invaders, including the magnitude of effects and underlying mechanisms. Exotic plants are likely to impact higher trophic levels when they overrun native plant communities, affecting habitat qual...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-006-0438-8
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental size, as measured by cross-sectional area of the inhabited streams, and population density of Oxytrema proxima are related by the power function Y=8.074X -0.584, where Y=population density and X=cross-sectional area of the stream. Relationships were also found between maximum size and biomass and cross-s...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00345977
更新日期：1970-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current theory predicts that in low-density, seed-limited plant populations, seed predation will be more important than competition in determining the number of individuals that reach maturity. However, when plant density is high, competition for microsites suitable for establishment and growth is expected to have a r...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-003-1350-0
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Future climate scenarios forecast a 10-50% decline in rainfall in Eastern Amazonia. Altered precipitation patterns may change important ecosystem functions like decomposition through either changes in physical and chemical processes or shifts in the activity and/or composition of species. We experimentally manipulated...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-018-4123-5
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interspecific hybridization is an important and common evolutionary mechanism, but field-based evaluations of changes in realized niches and zonation patterns of native and exotic hybrids relative to those of their parental plant species are rare. Would native hybrids forming hybrid zones between their parental specie...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-018-4251-y
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The degree of CAM-cycling was examined in plants from 23 populations representing five morphologically similar species of Talinum to determine how CAM-cycling correlates with site aridity and drought stress. In the field, CAM-cycling, as indicated by the amount of malic acid accumulated in plant tissues overnight, and...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00318325
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is illustrated theoretically that in a heterogeneous habitat the dispersal of individuals, even when it is random and density-independent, may have a pronounced effect of raising the average reproductive rate of the whole population, in addition to the effect of stabilization in the usual sense of reducing its vari...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00376909
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the ecomorphological structure of a guild of rhinolophoid bats in a Malaysian rainforest first described by Heller and von Helversen (1989). These authors found that the distribution of echolocation call frequencies used by 12 syntopic species was more even than expected from allometric relationships or in...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/PL00008866
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental periods are integral components of life history strategies that can have important fitness consequences and vary enormously among organisms. However, the selection pressures and mechanisms causing variation in length of developmental periods are poorly understood. Particularly puzzling are prolonged deve...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-005-0220-3
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Specialist herbivores are known to alter their host's wound-induced responses but the beneficiaries of these alterations are unknown. Nicotiana attenuata plants release a burst of ethylene specifically in response to feeding by Manduca sexta larvae, which is known to suppress wound- and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-inducib...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004420000581
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plants in the Mediterranean climate region of California typically experience summer drought conditions, but correlations between zones of frequent coastal fog inundation and certain species' distributions suggest that water inputs from fog may influence species composition in coastal habitats. We sampled the stable H...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-005-0152-y
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plants are often attacked by many herbivorous insects and pathogens at the same time. Two important suites of responses to attack are mediated by plant hormones, jasmonate and salicylate, which independently provide resistance to herbivorous insects and pathogens, respectively. Several lines of evidence suggest that t...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-002-0885-9
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The decision how to allocate marginal resources to reproduction and growth can have important effects on associated life-history parameters as well as on population dynamics. In addition to showing variation among individuals in a population, such allocation rules may be either condition-dependent or fixed in differen...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-003-1390-5
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spatiotemporal variation in the interactions among plants and animals is widespread; yet our conceptual and empirical understanding of this variation is limited to a few types of visitors, mainly herbivores, pollinators, seed predators, and seed dispersers. Despite the ubiquity of nectar robbing and the strength of it...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-002-1060-z
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seed predation can cause substantial seed losses and influence plant population dynamics, but the impact depends on the extent to which populations are limited by seed availability or favorable microsites for recruitment. Harvester ants are the dominant post-dispersal seed predators in Australia's tropical savannas, a...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-018-4061-2
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For organisms with restricted mobility, density dependence may occur on spatial scales much smaller than that of the whole population. Averaging densities over whole populations in such organisms gives a more or less inaccurate description of the real variation in competitive intensity over time and space. The potenti...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-004-1793-y
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pressure to escape natural enemies may shape how herbivorous insects use their plant resources. On wild crucifers, ovipositional preferences of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella; DBM) were similar to searching preferences of its main parasitoid, an ichneumonid wasp (Diadegma insulare). But on cultivated cr...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00317166
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Alexander Archipelago wolf (Canis lupus ligoni) is unique to southeast Alaska, occurring on islands south of Frederick Sound and along the mainland between Dixon Entrance and Yakutat Bay. Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) are an important prey species for wolves across the southern part of th...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004420050866
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Controls of fine dynamics were investigated in a Pinus palustris Mill. (longleaf pine) woodland subjected to two understory vegetation treatments (control versus removed) and four overstory treatments (no gap control, and canopy gaps of three sizes with constant total gap area per stand). Fine root (<2 mm diameter) dy...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-002-1098-y
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Competitive displacement is considered the most severe consequence of interspecific competition; if a superior competitor invades the habitat of an inferior species, the inferior species will be displaced. Most displacements previously reported among arthropods were caused by exotic species. The lack of investigation ...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-006-0560-7
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In both single- and mixed-species social groups, certain participants are known to play important roles in providing benefits. Identifying these participants is critical for understanding group dynamics, but is often difficult with large roving social groups in the wild. Here, we develop a new approach to characterize...
journal_title：Oecologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00442-014-3045-0
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
