Abstract:
:Prey-selection behaviour of the phytoseiid mite Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten was analysed with a Markovtype model of feeding-state dynamics and feeding-state dependent searching behaviour (Sabelis 1981, 1986, 1989; Metz and Van Batenburg 1985a, b). All behavioural characteristics of the predator which are independent of the feeding state were represented by one parameter. The remaining feeding-state dependent characteristics were represented by a function of the feeding state, with one parameter. The best parameter values to describe a predator-prey interaction were determined by fitting the model to the predation rates in monocultures. Under the assumption that the parameter values are not dependent on the composition of prey species supply, the diet of the predators in mixed cultures was predicted from parameters estimated in monoculture experiments.Two prey types, apple rust mite (Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa)) adults and European red spider mite (Panonychus ulmi (Koch)) larvae were studied. A large discrepancy was observed between calculated and experimentally determined predation rates of T. pyri in mixed cultures: the predators actually killed 3-7 times more P. ulmi larvae than was predicted by the model.The large difference between observed and predicted predation rates in mixed cultures cannot be explained by changes in the behaviour of the prey species as a result of being together. Therefore, it seems likely that the prey selection behaviour of the predator was different when prey species were presented together than when presented singly. Apparently the predatory mite T. pyri prefers P. ulmi to S. schlechtendali.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Dicke M,Sabelis MW,van den Berg Hdoi
10.1007/BF00377075subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-11-01 00:00:00pages
302-309issue
3eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00377075journal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::The chaparral shrub Eriodictyon californicum secretes a phenolic leaf resin composed of flavonoid aglycones. We used leaves with artificially altered resin contents to test the effects of resin on the feeding, growth, and oviposition of the specialist herbivore Trirhabda diducta. In addition, we compared Trirhabda fee...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378560
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first in a series of papers on the growth, photosynthetic rate, water and nutrient relations, root distribution and mycorrhizal frequency of two Norway spruce forests at different stages of decline. One of the stands was composed of green trees only while the other included trees ranging in appearance from...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378810
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differential predation pressure and the probability of predation on a Batesian mimicry complex and on alternative prey were estimatedin a field experiment. The mimicry complex was composed of a noxious model (Eleodes obscura (Say)) and a palatable mimic (Stenomorpha marginata (LeConte)). House crickets (Acheta domesti...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00397872
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Field evidence indicates that adult microtines, especially females, may be a major cause of poor juvenile survival and this may be instrumental in their population regulation. This suggests that males and females behave differently towards young animals. To examine how adult males, nonlactating females, and lactating ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377385
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the tropical dry forest of the central Pacific coast of Mexico the pollination and reproductive success of the bombacaceous tree Ceiba grandiflora was negatively affected by habitat disruption. Two of the three bat species that function as effective pollinators for this species ( Glossophaga soricina and Musonycter...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1234-3
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The infestation of small alpine mammals with fleas during the year and at different altitudes was investigated. The data are based on an investigation carried out between 1966 and 1969 in Tirol (Austria) in different altitudinal zones of the alps, 1136 fleas having been collected from 625 insectivores and rodents. By ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00367541
更新日期:1972-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::For unicellular organisms, a lack of effects of local species richness on ecosystem function has been proposed due to their locally high species richness and their ubiquitous distribution. High dispersal ability and high individual numbers may enable unicellular taxa to occur everywhere. Using our own and published da...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000492
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atmospheric inputs of N and S in bulk deposition (open collectors) and throughfall (beneath canopy collectors) were measured in and adjacent to two Class 1 wilderness areas of the northeastern US. In general, atmospheric S inputs followed our expectations with throughfall S fluxes increasing with elevation in the Whit...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3121-5
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data on soil nutrient availability for humid tropical forests are often reported, but are rarely integrated in an ecologically meaningful way with other measures of nutrient cycling. In this paper, estimates of soil nutrient availability and the inverse of litterfall nutrient concentrations (as an index of plant nutri...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00324222
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response to a single defoliation was studied on three clones of Themeda triandra collected in the short, mid, and tall grassland regions of the Serengeti National Park (Tanzania). These sites represent a gradient of decreasing grazing intensity. Growth, allocation pattern, and several morphometric traits were moni...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379184
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atriplex sagittata is a heterocarpic species producing three types of fruits which differ in morphology and ecological properties. This study focused on variation in biomass allocation into particular fruit types under different density and fertilization levels. The reduction in total weight under stressful conditions...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050761
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the hypothesis that leaves of broad-leaved tree species are more highly defended at low latitudes than at high latitudes. We used canonical discriminant analysis to compare tree species from Panama (9°N, 39 species), Missouri, USA (38°N, 37 species), and southern Ontario, Canada (44°N, 34 species) with respe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2249-4
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synchronous leaf production has been proposed as a mechanism to reduce herbivore damage to young leaves by satiating herbivores. To test this hypothesis, I measured leaf production, leaf survivorship, and herbivore damage on juveniles of Gustavia superba (H.B.K.) Berg (Lecythidaceae), in two sites in Central Panama. L...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317713
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycorrhizal fungi are crucial for the ecological success of land plants, providing their hosts with nutrients in exchange for organic C. However, not all plants are mycorrhizal, especially ferns, of which about one-third of the species lack this symbiosis. Because the mycorrhizal status is evolutionarily ancestral, th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-2941-7
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using resource selection functions, we examined habitat selection patterns of barren-ground grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the central Canadian Arctic among and within home ranges. There was no difference between the sexes with regard to habitat selection patterns at the home range level (Wilks' λ, approx. F 11,11=1....
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-0941-5
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the branch area/stem area ratio of Scots pine growing in different climatic conditions in Europe and Siberia indicates that the branch area supported by a stem increases in warmer and drier conditions. The ratio was significantly correlated with several climatic variables, especially with potential evapotr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00333247
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spatial distributions of selected soil properties in two adjacent sites in southwest Michigan were examined to evaluate the potential effects of chronic disturbance on resource heterogeneity. One site was a cultivated field that had been cleared, plowed, and cropped annually for decades prior to sampling while the...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00320501
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::No-take marine reserves (NTMRs) provide hope that local carrying capacity may be partially restored if reserves are protected long enough. How long is long enough? We assess the duration of protection required for populations of large predatory reef fish in marine reserves to attain new steady states. We monitored bio...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1692-3
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plants of the cerrado tree species Qualea grandiflora and the annual herb Bidens gardneri were grown from seed in controlled environment rooms at 30/20° C and 12 hour photoperiod. Seedlings were grown in pots or small tubes containing sand and provided with various amounts of mineral solutions based on the formulation...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00318536
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shoot herbivory by the sapling specialist shoot-borer Cromarcha stroudagnesia (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Chrysauginae) is shown to have large direct and indirect effects on the rates of height increment and mortality of saplings of its host tree, Tabebuia ochracea (Bignoniaceae), in the secondary successional tropical d...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1233-4
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three-to-five-year population oscillations of northern small rodents are usually synchronous over hundreds of square kilometers. This regional synchrony could be due to similarity in climatic factors, or due to nomadic predators reducing the patches of high prey density close to the average density of a larger area. W...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00333938
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the oviposition response of a specialist weevil (Mogulones larvatus) to patches of its host, the noxious weed Paterson"s curse/salvation Jane (Echium plantagineum). We simultaneously examined the effect of patch size and plant density (and their interaction), on the recorded oviposition patterns. O...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000425
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bythotrephes cederstroemii Schoedler, a predatory freshwater zooplankter (Crustacea: Cladocera), was first found in the Laurentian Great Lakes in December 1984. The first individuals were from Lake Huron, followed in 1985 with records from Lakes Erie and Ontario. By late August, 1986 the species had spread to southern...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378947
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In plagiotropic plants, axillary buds on the stolon can be exposed to low red:far-red (R:FR) ratios, while the leaves may be positioned in the uppermost layer of the sward where they are exposed to a high R:FR ratio. We tested whether the light environment of unfolded leaves influences outgrowth of the axillary buds a...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050263
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::For organisms that exhibit complex life cycles, resource conditions experienced by individuals before metamorphosis can strongly affect phenotypes later in life. Such resource-induced effects are known to arise from variation in resource quantity, yet little is known regarding effects stemming from variation in resour...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3387-2
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined in the laboratory the feeding response of two populations of the generalist herbivorous snail Arianta arbustorum (Helicidae) towards the composite Adenostyles alliariae and towards various allelochemicals. These were: a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) extract of Adenostyles leaves; senecionine (a PA present ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317373
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physiological integration of connected plants of the same clone, or ramets, often increases clonal fitness when ramets differ in resource supply. However, review of the literature found that no study has directly tested the hypothesis that integration can increase the ability of clones to compete against other species...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04823-5
更新日期:2021-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy damage of the mountain birch foliage, as well as application of small amounts of insect frass to the soil beneath the trees, reduced growth of Epirrita autumnata larvae reared in these trees in the following year. Foliage damage in the previous year decreased larval survival, too. Both foliage damage and insect ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378910
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a new obligate pollination mutualism involving the senita cactus, Lophocereus schottii (Cactaceae, Pachyceereae), and the senita moth, Upiga virescens (Pyralidae, Glaphyriinae) in the Sonoran Desert and discuss the evolution of specialized pollination mutualisms. L. schottii is a night-blooming, self-incompa...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050459
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to scale up from the ecophysiological characters of individual plants to population-level questions, we need to determine if character patterns in natural populations are stable through time, and if the characters are related to growth and survival. We investigated these questions in a 3-year study for one ch...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00316964
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00