Abstract:
:Some individual plants of the mustard Brassica nigra in lowland California kill eggs of the Crucifer-specialist herbivores Pieris rapae and P. napi by producing a necrotic zone at the base of the egg, thereby apparently desicating it. This is a typical hypersensitivity reaction, but to an atypical stimulus. The eggs can be "rescued" by maintaining them in a saturated atmosphere. Attempts to demonstrate a bacterial or fungal agent associated with the reaction were unsuccessful.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Shapiro AM,DeVay JEdoi
10.1007/BF00379310subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-03-01 00:00:00pages
631-632issue
4eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00379310journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::This study investigates the demography and interspecific interactions of 6 Heterohyrax brucei and 4 Procavia johnstoni populations, which inhabited 6 kopjes (rock outcrops) in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania over a period of 17 years. On three kopjes (H1, O2 and PH2) both species lived sympatrically, while on th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00384314
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The illumination level at which the pike (Esox lucius) eats most Leucaspius delineatus was compared to that at which the school of Leucaspius disperses.The pike easts Leucaspius predominantly when there is little light (50-75% of its entire prey at less than 1 Lux).The school of Leucaspius gradually disperses at less ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345687
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The leaf area to sapwood area ratio (A l:A s) of trees has been hypothesized to decrease as trees become older and taller. Theory suggests that A l:A s must decrease to maintain leaf-specific hydraulic sufficiency as path length, gravity, and tortuosity constrain whole-plant hydraulic conductance. We tested the hypoth...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-0904-x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parents are predicted to trade offspring number and quality against the costs of reproduction. In altricial birds, parasites can mediate these costs because intensity of parasitism may increase with parental effort. In addition, parasites may mediate a trade-off between offspring number and quality because nestlings i...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1015-4
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study links summer foraging and scatter-hoarding to winter larder-hoarding and winter survival in yellow pine chipmunks (Tamias amoenus) by comparing patterns of time allocation and winter larder contents in 2 years with very different levels of resource availability. In 2003, seed production and the number of tr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1072-4
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estuarine assemblages of fishes and natant decapod crustaceans (i.e. nekton) comprise both permanent resident species and juveniles of coastal marine species that use estuaries primarily as nurseries. In an attempt to understand how the young of marine species successfully invade communities of permanent estuarine res...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328680
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using resource selection functions, we examined habitat selection patterns of barren-ground grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the central Canadian Arctic among and within home ranges. There was no difference between the sexes with regard to habitat selection patterns at the home range level (Wilks' λ, approx. F 11,11=1....
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-0941-5
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cottonwoods are dominant riparian trees of the western United States and are known for their propensity to hybridize. We compared the decomposition of leaf litter from two species (Populus angustifolia and P. fremontii) and their hybrids. Three patterns were found. First, in one terrestrial and two aquatic experiments...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050994
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Food availability is thought to strongly influence the leaving phase of natal dispersal in animals with condition-dependent dispersal. We conducted a food supplementation experiment to determine the influence of extra food on the onset of dispersal and early dispersal movement patterns of 42 radio-tagged northern gosh...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1108-0
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conspecific attraction is the preferential settlement into habitat patches with conspecifics. To be a good proximate strategy, fitness gains from settling with conspecifics must outweigh the costs of higher conspecific densities, such as intraspecific competition. Two types of benefits have been proposed to explain co...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0419-y
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the general extent to which sex-related differences in palatability occur in boreal dioecious woody plants, males and females of five dioecious woody plant species were presented to free-ranging mountain hares (Lepus timidus) during winter. Hares strongly preferred branches from male plants when feeding on...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317225
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we examine the influence of temperature on growth, photosynthetic performance and acclimation of two submerged macrophyte species, Elodea canadensis L.C. Rich and Ranunculus aquatilis (L.) Wimmer. The plants were grown at 5, 10 and 15°C and a photon flux density of 300 μmol m-2 s-1 (PAR) in a medium with...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050165
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of short- and long-term (cohort) effects of climate and density on the life-histories of ungulates in temperate regions may vary with latitude, habitat, and management practices, but the life-histories of ungulates in the Mediterranean region are less well known. This study examined the short- and long-t...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1663-8
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Factors affecting oophagy among siblings in the land snail Arianta arbustorum were studied in 3 populations from different altitudes in Switzerland. The degree of egg cannibalism in A. arbustorum is a function of hatching asynchrony since the earliest hatched snails will devour the unhatched eggs in the same clutch. C...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379252
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal feeding soil invertebrates feed on a wide spectrum of fungal species suggesting that mixed diets increase fitness. We investigated relationships between food preferences for seven saprophytic fungal species/forms and fitness parameters (mortality, growth, time to reproduction, reproduction, egg size) in two Col...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1513-7
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparison of photosynthetic adaptations of desert ephemerals from sun and shade environments has shown differences in the magnitude and timing of maximum CO2 assimilation. Photosynthetic rates of species from the sun environment were significantly higher, and maximum observed levels occurred both earlier in the day...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344653
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many plant species currently exist in fragmented populations of different sizes, while they also experience unpredictable climatic fluctuation over time. However, we still understand little about how plant demography responds to such spatial and temporal environmental variability. We studied population dynamics of an ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1505-8
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Life history theory and empirical studies suggest that large size or earlier metamorphosis are suitable proxies for increased lifetime fitness. Thus, across a gradient of larval habitat quality, individuals with similar phenotypes for these traits should exhibit similar post-metamorphic performance. Here we examine th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1728-8
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The life history of freshwater cladocerans such as Daphnia spp. is strongly affected by their environment. Factors such as temperature, food quantity and even the presence or absence of predators influence growth, reproduction and morphology of individuals. Recently, it has also become clear that the quality of the fo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1452-4
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of tree canopy, understory, herbivores, and litter depth on seedling establishment, survival, and reproduction of the alien grass, Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass), was examined in a series of experiments in four forest habitat types in western North America. Higher recruitment, survival, and reproduction on cl...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328170
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effect of native large herbivores on aboveground primary production of nonforested habitat in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Productivity of vegetation grazed by elk (Cervus elaphus) and bison (Bison bison) was compared with that of ungrazed (permanently fenced) vegetation at four sites. Two metho...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317727
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of field and laboratory experiments were conducted to examine whether natural levels of insect herbivory affect the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization of two plant species. The plant species were the highly mycorrhizal (mycotrophic) Plantago lanceolata, which suffers small amounts of insect damage conti...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-001-0863-7
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past 10 million years, tropical savanna environments have selected for small growth forms within woody plant lineages. The result has been the evolution of subshrubs (geoxyles), presumably as an adaptation to frequent fire. To evaluate the traits associated with the shift from tree to subshrub growth forms, w...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-017-3930-4
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant secondary compounds are recognized deterrents and toxins to a variety of herbivores. The effect of secondary compounds on water balance of herbivores is virtually unexplored, yet secondary compounds could potentially cause a decrease in an animal's ability to maintain water balance. We investigated the effects o...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-001-0834-z
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the most commonly cited hypotheses explaining invasion success is the enemy release hypothesis (ERH), which maintains that populations are regulated by coevolved natural enemies where they are native but are relieved of this pressure in the new range. However, the role of resident enemies in plant invasion rema...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2798-1
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prey subsidies originating from detritus add nutrients and energy to arboreal communities. Measurement of this subsidy is required in the understanding of how food web dynamics respond to changes in surrounding environments. Shrub spiders are one of the key predators involved in food web coupling. We evaluate the effe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2446-1
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although predator avoidance has been proposed as one possible factor influencing the distribution of fish among substrate types, no study has addressed this question directly. Groups of juvenile Atlantic cod were offered a choice between pairs of the following three substrates: sand, gravel-pebble and cobble. Their di...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00321187
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ninety percent of wild red grouse examined carried threadworms in their intenstinal caeca. Old birds had 30 times as many worms as young birds. Some infections were as high as 30,000 worms. The occurrence of worms in old grouse conformed to the negative binomial distribution. ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00399229
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breeding ecology and mating patterns of the western toad, Bufo boreas, were examined in three large explosively breeding populations in the Oregon Cascade Mountains. Two mating patterns occurred variably within and among the three populations. First, a large male mating advantage was observed in two of the three popul...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379496
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ecophysiological differences related to photosynthesis were compared in holm oak Quercus ilex leaves from undisturbed holm-oak vegetation, resprouts after fire and resprouts after tree-fell. No significant differences in any parameter measured were observed between the two kinds of resprout throughout the first growin...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328730
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00